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M I L T E R M S : fingerspelled letter S semaphor letter S signal flag letter S S : SIERRA

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SABER :
see LONG KNIFE, OLD WRIST BREAKER, MAMELUKE SWORD. [v: Knife Terms; The Language of Swordplay]

SABER-RATTLING :
a show or threat of military power; see GUNPOINT, GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY, BIG STICK DIPLOMACY, COVER, DIME, CAT AMONG THE PIGEONS, HEAD TO HEAD, HAIR-TRIGGER, HALF-COCKED, FIGHTING WORDS, BLOODY SHIRT, NEUTRALIZE, ANTEBELLUM; compare WATCH MY SMOKE. [cf: bellicose, antagonistic, hostile, pugnacious, Firebrand, fire-eater]

SABOT :
(say-bot, not "sah-bow") a specially designed projectile carrier (derived from "shoe") that's used to accommodate a CALIBER or to enhance AMMO effectiveness. An anti-tank SABOT (SLAP) round, by maximizing its kinetic energy, will delay detonation to permit inertial penetration, which greatly increases target damage. A small arms SABOT cartridge enables a narrower BULLET to be fired from a larger bore with equal accuracy and greater (or lesser) velocity, with the encasement discarded enroute to the target. The SABOT was formerly a wooden or metal disc attached to the projectile in a muzzleloading cannon; but now is a soft metal ring at the base of a projectile that makes the encased projectile conform to the rifling grooves of a gun. [nb: not to be confused with an "auxiliary chamber" or an "auxiliary cartridge" which is an indwelling adaptive device, like a sleeve or housing, that rests in the gun's chamber, filling the space so smaller caliber ammunition can be fired from a barrel with a larger bore; such an auxiliary device remains in the firearm, and does not travel down range with the bullet] [nb: RIFLEd guns are denoted "inch" (eg: 3" Field Gun called "three incher"), which is the diameter of the projectile, while SMOOTHBORE cannons are denoted "pound" (eg: 12# Mountain HOWITZER called "twelve pounder"), which is the weight of the projectile]

SABOTAGE :
the disguised or surreptitious but deliberate damage of materials, products, equipment, machinery, facilities, or conveyances, so as to disrupt or incapacitate normal function in aid of social, religious, political, economic, or military ends; also known as undermining, wrecking, ruination, and subversion, and a saboteur is also called an underminer, wrecker, spoiler. See BOOBY-TRAP, IED, GUERRILLA WARFARE, UW, TERRORIST, BAD GUYS, CI, PROVOCATEUR, SOF. [v: during the CIVIL WAR, sabotaged steel rails, called Sherman's "Hairpins" or Sherman's "Bowties", which were twisted with Poe's railroad hooks, made railroad service inconsistent and inefficient; ] [nb: on 13 June 1942, four Nazi saboteurs were landed by submarine near Amagansett on Long Island, New York, and four more were INFILtrated on 17 June 1942 onto Ponte Vedra Beach near Jacksonville, Florida with enough explosives, incendiaries, and operating funds to conduct a two-year campaign of sabotage and terrorism on defence-related production sites, but due to FBI collaboration, codenamed "Pastorius", all eight were arrested by 27 June 1942, were tried by military commission from 8 July 1942, and six were executed on 8 August 1942, with the two collaborators imprisoned until April 1948 when they were granted Executive Clemency and repatriated; only two more spies were landed by the Axis, but were captured in 1944 near their Maine beachhead before they could accomplish any part of their mission] [nb: during WWII, the German Brandenburg Division was composed of linguists who were specially trained to infiltrate foreign armies (eg: French, Italian, Russian, Dutch, Greek, etc) as impostors to perform SABOTAGE; "Brandenburger" trainees were tested on the effectiveness of their aculturated disguises in exercises called "Masquerade Balls"]

SABRE :
the North American F-86 jet aircraft; subdivided into the daytime "Sabre Jet" fighter, and the RADAR-equipped F-86D "Sabre Dog" fighter. Compare SUPER SABRE, FURY; see BIRD.

SAC :
USAF strategic Air Command (1946)
SAC (1946)
USAF Strategic Air Command (1951)
SAC (1951)
(sack) Strategic Air Command; formed in March 1946, with the motto of "Global Reach, Global Power"; being one of three USAF commands, including Tactical Air Command (TAC) and Air Defense Command (ADC). The "shield" insignia of the Strategic Air Command was designed by SSG R.T. Barnes of the 92nd Bombardment Wing in 1951; the armored arm symbolizes strength, the lightning symbolizes speed, the olive branch symbolizes peace, while the clouds and sky are symbolic of the realm of air power. SAC assets were reorganized into the Air Combat Command (ACC) and Air Mobility Command (AMC) in 1991, and replaced in June 1992 by the U.S. Strategic Command (STRATCOM). A sardonic motto popularized by SAC was: "Peace Through Strength – Victory Through Devastation"; SAC was also notorious for expanding the Air Force motto: "Peace Is Our Profession – War Is Just Our Hobby", or "Peace Is Our Profession – Mass Murder Is Just Our Hobby." Also, abbreviation for Supreme Allied Commander, being an interservice and international leadership position, such as Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR); see SCAP, SUPREMO, SHAEF.

SACO :
Sino-American Cooperative Organization; WWII clandestine force operating behind enemy lines. See OSS, SECRET AGENT, CRYPTO, SPOOK, TRADECRAFT.

SACON :
Security Alert CONdition; see DEFCON, ESP, FOOTBALL, TOCSIN, STAND-DOWN, STAND-TO.

SACRED COW :
the nickname of the first "Air Force One" aircraft, a DC-3 DAKOTA so called by Harry S. Truman; see BIRD.

SADDLE-UP :
informal expression by leaders to MISSION READY and COMBAT LOADED troops that the operation is about to commence or continue, that everyone should don their GEAR and check their weapons enroute to the ASSEMBLY or departure area; also phrased as "slap a hat". This expression is preliminary to the informal command MOVE OUT. See GOOD TO GO, UNLIMBER, LOCK 'n' LOAD, FAT, OP TEMPO, JUMP-START, HOOPLA, BATTAILOUS.

SAD SACK :
an award-winning cartoon strip created and drawn by George Baker for YANK magazine, name is derived from the "sad sack of shit" reference for many new reCRUITs and DRAFTEEs during WWII. See DUD, MAGGOT, TURD, SOS.

SAF :
abbreviation for Small Arms Fire. Also, Security Assistance Force, being SOF elements with regional specialization for selective investment or intervention under USSOCOM; replaced in 2007 by "global expeditionary forces", being amalgamated interservice elements without the limitation of regional orientation for worldwide application.

SAFE :
acronym representing Selective Areas For Evasion, being proposed routes of escape from North Vietnam, including food, shelter, medicine, and escort; as derived from SAC plans for USSR, and OSS plans for INDOCHINA. See E&E, BRIGHT LIGHT, BLOOD CHIT, HOME RUN, POINTIE TALKIE, IRC, DP, BOAT PEOPLE, YELLOW BIRD. [nb: the "human railway" was an escape network established by the Resistance (French, Belgian, Czech, and others) to rescue or conceal downed Allied aircrewmen so as to escort them to neutral nations (Switzerland, Spain, Turkey, or Sweden) for repatriation during WWII; also known as the "underground railroad"]

SAFE HOUSE :
a secure location reserved for undetected and uninterrupted meetings, such as pre-mission briefing or post-mission isolation; which is always called a "house", regardless of configuration or physical location, whether apartment or townhouse or separate dwelling; also known as "safe site". Compare BUBBLE, SAFE ROOM, BOLT HOLE, HIDE.

SAFE ROOM :
a concealed area or a secure enclosure within a building that is setup for protective or defensive shelter during intrusion or attack; also known as "panic room" or "hidey-hole" (or "hidy-hole"), with such space formerly known as a "priest's hole" during times of religious repression. Such a room or hideout, like a BOMB SHELTER, is usually supplied with survival necessities, communications equipment, tools and weapons; its installation serves as a precaution against home invasion or other terroristic threat. See BOLT HOLE, SAFE HOUSE, HIDE, BUBBLE, FALLOUT SHELTER; compare CACHE, GLORY HOLE, SMUGGLER'S TRAP. [nb: the priest's hole, added to dwellings from the Elizabethian through the Jacobite period to shelter recusants, was also called a concealed apartment, secret chamber, or mysterious room, and sometimes included a defensive trap called a deadly pit] Also, a living or recreation room, den or library, decorated or accented with personal militaria, especially mementos and souvenirs of service, also called "trophy room" or "shrine"; see POWER WALL.

SAFE SITE :
a secure location reserved for undetected and uninterrupted meetings; see SAFE HOUSE; compare SAFE ROOM, BOLT HOLE.

SAFFIR-SIMPSON SCALE :
a scale indicating the speed or pressure of cyclonic storms, enumerated 1-5, and commonly expressed as "Category #" [ie: Category 1: 65-82 kts/74-95 smph @ 980 mb/28.94" hg; Category 2: 83-95 kts/96-110 smph @ 965-979 mb/28.50-28.91" hg; Category 3: 96-113 kts/111-130 smph @ 945-964 mb/27.91-28.47" hg; Category 4: 114-135 kts/131-155 smph @ 920-944 mb/27.17-27.88" hg; Category 5: +135 kts/+155 smph @ 919 mb/27.16" hg]; also cited as "Safford-Simpson Scale". See BEAUFORT SCALE, FUJITA SCALE, STORM WARNING, WINDSOCK, TELLTALE. [nb: a 'typhoon' is a tropical cyclone or hurricane occurring in the western Pacific ocean area,including the seas of China and India; derived from "great wind" in Chinese dialect that was altered by association with "violent wind" in Greek (Typhoeus / Typhon); cf: "divine wind" (kamikaze) that prevented Kublai Khan's Mongol armada from invading Japan in 1274 and 1281]

SAFU :
literally Self Adjusting Fuck Up, or more euphemistically as "... foul up"; see FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA.

SAIGON TEA :
any pretense drink simulating an alcoholic beverage, such as colored water, tea, or wish-wash ("eyewash") sold as whiskey, served to bar girls or hostesses earning a commission on customer sales, so as to make entertainment of the "lonely American" as profitable as possible. See WASH, HOOCH, GROG, BREW, SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, GROUP TIGHTENER, HOIST, TOAST, HATCH, DUTCH COURAGE, WHISKEY WARRIOR, CLASS SIX, BYOB, DEAD-SOLDIER, THE DRINK.

SAIL :
slang for the CONNING TOWER of a SUBMARINE; also known as FAIRWATER.

SAILING INTO YESTERDAY :
crossing the longitudinal meridian of the International DATE LINE in an easterly direction; see GOLDEN DRAGON, TIME.

SAILOR :
see SWABBY, SQUID, NUGGET, CHUM, FRESH CATCH, POLLYWOG, BOOT, CRUIT, SNOTTY, DRYBACK, SHELLBACK, MOSSBACK, PLANK OWNER, MASTER-AT-ARMS, SP, BREAK SHIP, ROCKS 'n' SHOALS, CAPTAIN'S MAST, SEA LAWYER, SHIPMATE, SEA DADDY, MISTER, MUSTANG, OLD SALT, HANDY, CHIEF, DOG ROBBER, ALL HANDS, BLUE JACKET, WHITE CAP, DIXIE CUP, HOISE, AHOY, CHANTEY, SEAL, BROWN SHOE, AIRDALE, BLACK SHOE, BROWN WATER sailor, MUD DUCK, WATER WINGS, SKIMMER, DIPPER, BUBBLEHEAD, DOLPHIN, BOOMER, WARM BODY, THE DRINK, HOIST, SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, SUNDOWNER, ON THE BEACH. [nb: Vietnamese term: Thuy Thu] [v: mariner, seafarer, seaman, sea dog, anchor clanker, deck ape, gob / gobshite, jack-tar, tar] [nb: a sailor who entered the 19th century Navy to escape poverty or problems ashore was said to be: "purser rigged and parish damned"; while a foppish or unseamanlike officer of that time was called: "rosewater sailor"] [nb: the Cantonese expression "gwai-lo" for 'white ghost' initially referred to Occidental seamen on sailing ships, which disappeared ghost-like on the nighttime tide] [cf: "wight" is a human being, who is defined as such by his ability to fight, hence is someone who's strong and brave in war]

SAILOR'S DISEASE :
symptoms of prostate gland disorder (prostatism) or inflammation (prostatitis); also called "priest's disease".

SALARY :
a fixed compensation that's periodically paid to a person for regular work or service; as derived from money paid to a soldier for salt. See THE EAGLE SHITS, SEPARATE RATS, DOUBLE-DIP. [nb: "worth his salt" meaning deserving or entitled] [cf: 'wages' are compensation or recompense, from carry on, struggle, pledge; 'stipend', as a tax-exempt allowance or honorary salary, usually a pittance, derives from "soldier's pay"; blood money]

SALH :
Semi-Active Laser Homing, a LASER AIMING DEVICE and guidance system.

SALLY :
a sudden or rushing excursion, especially a sortie of troops from a besieged place against the enemy; as derived from "leap forward". Also, nickname for the volunteer Salvation Army women who dispensed coffee and doughnuts to the men in the FRONT LINE trenches and elsewhere during WWI; this ministering program was initiated in 1917 by SA National Commander Evangeline Booth. The Salvation Army began assisting American troops during the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, and persists, despite the fact that "Sallies" are not as well recognized in their efforts as the "Donut Dollies" of the American Red Cross. In 1939, with WWII seemingly inevitable, the Salvation Army helped form the interfaith movement that established the United Service Organization (USO), which is most notable for entertaining soldiers and sailors serving overseas in time of war. See DOUGHNUT DOLLY, ROUND EYE; compare CAMP FOLLOWER, SKIRT. [v: the protagonist of Major Barbara by George Bernard Shaw (1905) is the pacifistic daughter of an armaments factory owner, which hypocrisy leads to an epiphany; cf: "whited sepulcher" (Matthew 23:27)]

SALTING :
the hazing or induction ceremony conducted by BOOMERs (experts) for new "plugs" (novices) in telegraphy, who are harassed by false signals, bogus messages, increased traffic, and increased speed of transmission. See CW, TWX, HAND, BAMBOO TELEGRAPH; compare INITIATION.

SALTY :
to be sharp, witty, or piquant. Also, to be vulgar or coarse. Also, to be SHIP SHAPE or SQUARED AWAY. Also, to be experienced or knowledgeable, be "HANDY as an OLD SALT". [nb: possible derivation from Bible (Matthew 5:13) as: "You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt loses its saltiness, how can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled by men.".]

SALTY DOG :
any item declared as a battle loss, or destroyed as a result of enemy action; see ADRIFT, DX, CHARGE SHEET.

SALUTE :
a formal gesture of respect exchanged between RANKs, with protocol being explicit, including SALUTEs under ARMs and from passing vehicles or craft; see HIGH BALL, THE BIBLE, MANUAL OF ARMS, PASSING HONORS, BEATERS 'n' BLEATERS, TOOTER, BLUE-SKY; compare POLISH SALUTE. Also, a ceremonial gesture of respect shown to STANDARDs, the honored dead, and visiting dignitaries; see SALVO, FIRING SQUAD, FACE THE MUSIC. Originated as an open-handed sign of disarmament, and evolved into a sign of loyalty or respect; derived from 'salutation'. See HOIST, TOAST, HORS DE COMBAT. [nb: "If it moves, salute it. If it doesn't move, pick it up. If it can't be picked up, paint it!" is a military maxim that was politicized as: "The government's view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it." by Ronald Wilson Reagan in the 15 August 1986 address to the White House Conference on Small Business] [nb: the traditional three-shot volley at burial derives from the pagan ritual of shouting the name of the deceased three times to tell the gods who is coming] Also, an acronym for Size, Activity, Location, Unit/Uniform, Time observed, Equipment; being a specific type of SPOT REPORT. See SITREP.

SALVO :
a simultaneous or successive discharge of gunfire or ROCKETs, as a VOLLEY; see FUSILLADE, BROADSIDE, STORM, ENFILADE, FPL, DRUMFIRE, AT CLOSE QUARTERS, CROSSING THE T. Also, a SALUTE or hail by gunfire; see FIRING SQUAD, FACE THE MUSIC. Also, a round of cheers or applause; as derived from "salute".

SAM :
Surface-to-Air MISSILE; see STINGER, RED EYE, AVENGER, CHAPARRAL, HAWK, PATRIOT, CORKSCREW. Phrase later altered to "Man-Portable Air Defense System" (MANPADS).

SAMARITAN :
C-131 aircraft; see BIRD.

SAM BROWNE BELT :
a weapon or equipment belt with an integral cross-body strap passing over the wearer's shoulder opposite its hip attachment on the side where a holster or sheath is mounted. Most often seen as part of the uniform of border guards or military police (MP); it was originally intended to enable Sam Browne, a one-armed British general, to draw his weapon single-handedly. The design, reminiscent of the old baldric, was so attractive to MIL-PERS that its WWI imitation was widely and popularly spread. Soldiers would dress like peacocks if they didn't have to get "down and dirty" every once in a while when actually fighting wars! [nb: "Fine feathers don't make fine birds." by Aesop]

SAME-SAME :
pidgin for identical; the same as, alike, likewise.

SAMPAN :
a Far Eastern style of small BOAT, usually propelled by a single scull sweeping over the stern, and roofed by bamboo matting; derived from Chinese (saambaan) for a "three plank" boat. Sometimes called "hen boat" due to its profile. Compare JUNK, SMACK, GIG.

SANDBAG :
a sand-filled sack used as fortification, or a container of ballast; see GUNNY, BERM, REVETMENT, BLAST WALL. [v: gunny, gunnysack, gunny-bag, burlap bag, crocus sack, croker bag, croker sack, grass sack, towsack, barley sack, hopsack] [v: Military Earthworks Terms] Also, an improvised blackjack or cudgel; see BATS 'n' HATS, BATON, WARDER, SWAGGER STICK, COUP STICK. [cf: truncheon, billy, night stick, espantoon, cudgel, bludgeon, shillelagh/shillealah, knobkerrie, cosh, bastinado, singlestick, waddy, club, blackjack, slapjack] Also, to dupe or deceive for attack or entrapment; see CAT'S-PAW, GOAT, FALL GUY. Also, slang for any mandatory object or person, being obstructive or superfluous, such as a derogatory reference to "trainee" copilots required to be present with "advisory" instructor pilots (IP) during combat flights; see BLOB, DIRTY THIRTY, STRAP-HANGER, DEADHEAD, POB.

SANDBOX :
sardonic slang for the Mid-East / Near East operational area, being a desert theme park, also known as "Camel Land"; see "Task Force Troy" at GHOST UNIT, GULF WAR, FRONT LINE, MLR, FEBA, FLOT, BOONDOCKS / BOONIES, INDIAN COUNTRY, IN-COUNTRY, DOWN RANGE, THULE, FIVE SEAS, FIELD ALLOWANCE.

SAND CRAB :
a sideways-walking beach scavenger; when bipedal, term designates a civil service employee or a civilian contractor on-board ship. Compare BELTWAY BANDIT, see PORK BARREL.

SANDWICH :
when current (left sleeve) and combat (right sleeve) shoulder patches are identical, indicating multiple tours with the same unit; see TOUR BABY, COMBAT BUM, TWO-FISTED, LIFER. Also, to layer things, or to insert something between other things, as "to sandwich-in a meeting between class and lunch", or to "sandwich carbon paper between blank pages"; see MANIFOLD SET, PAPER BULLET, RED TAPE. Also, two or more slices of bread (or the like) interleaved with layers of meat, fish, cheese, or vegetables, served hot or cold; eponymously after the Fourth Earl of Sandwich; see HARDTACK, PITA, RICE BALL, PANCAKE, SINKER, BOXED NASTY. [v: Dagwood sandwich, open / open-faced sandwich; cf: taco, empanada, calzone, piroshki, knish]

SANDY :
the navigational name of the northeastern-most corner of the Saigon Flight Information Region (FIR), of which overflight or passing assured the crewmembers of receiving combat pay and the combat zone income tax exemption. Also, the CALL-SIGN of the SKYRAIDERs flying fire suppression support on SAR and CSAR missions in Vietnam; such A1-E SLOW MOVERs were coupled with extraction or rescue helicopters, like the JOLLY GREEN GIANT and HUSKY. Also, an informal referent generalized for any desert dweller, civilian or otherwise, in the Near- or Mid-East region, which term is more descriptive than derogatory, with its usage dependent upon tone and context, but usually less pejorative than RAGHEAD; see HAJJI, MUJ, ISAAC THE IRAQ, SCARAB THE ARAB, ALI BABA, SKINNY, STREET ARAB, BAD GUYS, INSURGENT, TERRORIST, ALLAH'S WAITING ROOM. [aka: camel jockey, camel cowboy, goat roper, snake charmer, carpet pilot, rug rider, sand flea, sand monkey, sand nigger, desert darky, dune coon, tarsh, ali baba, ahab, aladdin, habib, zalama, zol]

SANTA CLAUS :
an undemanding instructor or an easy evaluator; see GOUGE, ZD, JAWBREAKER, WONK, TOOTH FAIRY, MILICRAT, MIL-PERS.

SAPFU :
literally "Surpassing All Previous Fuck-Ups", also known as Situation Surpassing All Previous Fuck-Ups (SSAPFU), or more euphemistically as "... foul ups"; see FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA.

SAPI :
Small Arms Protective Inserts, being plates added to FLAK VESTs; see ESAPI, OTV, IOTV, HAPPY SUIT, CHICKEN PLATE, FLAK JACKET. [cf: flexible 'mail'; v: doublet]

SAPPER :
full-color Sapper qualification tab for service uniform
woodland subdued Sapper qualification tab for BDU
desert subdued Sapper qualification tab for digital uniform
Sapper q-tabs
a military engineer and explosives specialist who is trained to construct fortifications, trenches, or tunnels that bear upon or undermine enemy positions; also called "demolition commando" and "assault pioneer". Chinese SAPPERs have used hand language for all communications since the T'ang dynasty. A new SAPPER Q-TAB was authorized 28 June 2004 (retroactive to 14 June 1985) for Engineer soldiers in GRADEs E-4 through O-3 who successfully complete the two-phase 28-day Sapper Leader Course (SLC) at the Army's Engineer School; course prerequisites include AIR ASSAULT and RECONDO training to ensure that the Infantry skills necessary for performance already exist. Like RECONDO, the SLC began as a proficiency training program for integral NCOs of the 307th Eng Bn in 1981, was replicated in the 20th Eng Bde, and finally adopted by the Engineer School, with Q-TAB authorization coincident with its sponsor's (GEN Robert Flowers) retirement. See EOD, CE, BREACHER, STAY BEHIND, SATCHEL CHARGE, SEABEES, PIONEER. [nb: the elite NVA 305 PIR, trained for AIR-ASSAULT at SON TAY, was re-trained under USSR ADVISORs to perform SAPPER, rear security, and counter-RECON operations, including the use of tracking dogs.]

SAR :
Search And Rescue; see CSAR, CSARTF, JSARC, JPRC, BRIGHT LIGHT, JPRA, RCC, RIT, PJ, BLOOD CHIT, HOME RUN, POINTIE TALKIE, HOT HOIST, JUNGLE PENETRATOR, GUARD, RESCAP, SARCAP, SAFE, TRAP, MOWING THE LAWN, SWEEP, RECOVERY, JOLLY GREEN GIANT, HUSKY, SANDY. [nb: Locate, Assess, Stabilize, Transport (LAST)]

SARCAP :
Search And Rescue Combat Air Patrol; also spelled "SAR-CAP" or "SAR CAP", and also known as RESCAP (Rescue CAP). See CAP, UMBRELLA, HIGH 'n' DRY, RACETRACK, SWEEP, MOWING THE LAWN; compare ABNCP.

SARGE :
informal term for all sergeants (E-5 - E-9); see GUNNY, DI, CHIEF, MATING MOSQUITOES, BUCK, ROCKER, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, SUPER GRADE, NCO, RANK, RATING, CHAIN-OF-COMMAND.

SAS :
(ess-aa-ess) [Royal] Special Air Service, being the British precursor of U.S. Army SPECIAL FORCES; it developed special operations techniques during WWII with the motto "Who Dares, Wins" (sardonically rephrased as "Who Cares Who Wins?!"). See ASAS, NZSAS.

SASO :
(say-so) Stabilization And Support Operations.

SASS :
(forthcoming); Semi-Automatic Sniper System (XM-110), 7.62mm 8-shot autoloading SNIPER rifle with scope and barrel-compensator, which reduction in signature blast is designed to avoid counter-sniper detection see LONG RIFLE, STONER, RIFLE.

SAT :
short for satellite; see COMMO, ANTENNA FARM, NET, SATCOM, LIGHTSAT, IDCSS, DSCS, NRO, SYNCOM, COMPASS LINK, SDIO, ASAT, STAR WARS, SQUIRT THE BIRD, GPS, TOPO, COMSAT.

SATCHEL CHARGE :
an explosive packed bag, which is able to be slightly shaped and buried without detection, carried or thrown by shoulder strap, for various triggering methods, as used by SAPPER elements. Originating as a carrier then utilized as the container, a SATCHEL CHARGE is inherently less effective than emplaced munitions due to dissipation; the containment of explosive material multiplies its effective force by more than five times, or conversely, it requires five times more of an equivalent explosive to effect the same result when not contained. See CHARGE, DEMO, FAE, EXPLOSIVE.

SATCOM :
SATellite COMmunications, also spelled "SatComm"; see SAT, NRO, COMPASS LINK, SYNCOM, DSCS, IDCSS, SQUIRT THE BIRD, ANTENNA FARM, NET; compare COMSAT. Also, any device, such as a TELEPHONE or RADIO, that utilizes satellite relay in its transceiving.

SAT CONG :
Vietnamese phrase for "kill communists"; which was often TATTOOed on their arm or chest by elite RVNAF soldiers and sailors ... these TATTOOs were excised in REEDUCATION camps and preserved as souvenirs by the victorious "peace-loving" communists! [cf: during the KOREAN WAR, many North Korean and Chinese communist POWs TATTOOed themselves with anti-American or pro-communist slogans, on their hands, arms, foreheads, or chests, as an act of defiant solidarity with their homelands, and with their war against Western ideals; even when they rioted, no NK or CHICOM POWs were punished for demonstrably expressing their political views with signs or TATTOOs]

SATELLITE :
a country under the domination or influence of another nation; see CLIENT STATE, PROTECTORATE, GARRISON STATE, BUFFER STATE, REALPOLITIK. Also, a man-made device designed to be launched into orbit around the earth or some other celestial body; named after the natural body that revolves around a planet (moon), the first artificial satellite (Sputnik I) was launched on 4 October 1957 by the Soviet Union, followed on 31 January 1958 by America's first satellite (Explorer I); there are five principal types of satellites: research (eg: Hubble Space Telescope, Skylab), communications (eg: Echo, Telstar, Relay, Earlybird, Intelsat VII), meteorological (eg: Tiros, Nimbus, Itos), navigational (eg: Transit, GPS), and applications (ie: telemetry, infrared detectors, electronic sensors, optical surveillance, etc); see SAT, COMMO, ANTENNA FARM, NET, SATCOM, LIGHTSAT, IDCSS, DSCS, NRO, SYNCOM, COMPASS LINK, SDIO, ASAT, STAR WARS, SQUIRT THE BIRD, GPS, TOPO, COMSAT, STADAN. [nb: the motion of an artificial satellite is controlled by the same laws of celestial mechanics that govern the motions of natural satellites, so a device that has not attained escape velocity (5mi/sec) or is orbiting at a height less than 200mi is subject to the frictional effects of the earth's atmosphere, and as its orbit degrades, it will descend and burn up like a meteor; at heights above 200mi, it will circle the planet (eg: 1 revolution every 90min at 200mi; 1 revolution every 100min at 500mi), remaining indefinitely in an elliptical orbit; a geosynchronous orbit is attained at a height of 22,300mi and the satellite period of revolution is 24hrs, coincident with earth's axial rotation, making the satellite geostatic] Also, a dependent or subordinate element, as a branch office or external facility, that accommodates or serves a larger department or senior unit; see ANNEX, ORIFICE. Also, an attendant or follower of another person, being subordinate to superior authority or outside power, often subservient or obsequious in manner; as derived from "member of bodyguard" or retinue [nb: sputnik translates as "traveling companion"]; see BROWNIE, BROWN NOSE, HACK, LITTLE PEOPLE, KHAKI MAFIA, RING-KNOCKER, BOY'S CLUB.

SAUCER CAP :
U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff service cap
USAF svc cap
slang for the service cap, also called "brim cap", "wheel hat", BILLED CAP, "pizza hat" (USMC), and "Donald Duck cap" (USN), as worn by all branches and grades with variations of color, style, and insignia; the so-called "fifty mission crush" (CRUSHER) has had the stiffening removed so that headphones could be worn over the hat. See SCRAMBLED-EGGS, SPAGHETTI, FARTS 'n' DARTS, GARRISON CAP, CAMPAIGN HAT, BERET, HEADGEAR.

SAUSAGE SIDE :
reference by Coalition aircrew to the GULF WAR target area where "non-friendlies" are turned into small bits (ground meat, hamburger) suitable only for sausage-making.

SAW :
M-249 Squad Automatic Weapon that fires belt or magazine AMMO in the same caliber (5.56mm) as the primary infantry rifle, M-16A1/4; being an LMG substitute for the M-60 machinegun (PIG, NUMBER SIXTY). In addition to caliber compatibility, the SAW also accepts a wide variety of techno gadgets designed to enhance accuracy. Compare STONER; see MG.

SAWBONES :
slang for a physician or surgeon, a medico or medical doctor; also called BONE CUTTER, "medicine man", or "croaker". See DOC, BABY DOC, ANGEL, RAMP TRAMP, ORDERLY, MEDIC, CORPSMEN, BAC SI, Y SI, BAND-AID, CHOP SHOP. [nb: Vietnamese term: Nguoi Giai Phau]

SAW GRASS :
saw-wort or sedge, a rough bushy grass; also spelled "sawgrass". See BOONIES, TULE, ELEPHANT GRASS, KUNAI, NIPA PALM, PITA.

SBCT :
Stryker Brigade Combat Team; compare BCT, RCT, FIRE BRIGADE.

SBU :
(ess-bee-yew) Special Boat Unit

SCAP / SCAPP :
Supreme Commander Allied Powers Pacific, during post-WWII occupation and KOREAN WAR era; see CINCPAC, SAC, SUPREMO.

SCAR :
(forthcoming); see CANDLESTICK, BLIND BAT. Also, the mark left by a healed wound, or the lasting aftereffect from a troubling experience; being nature's own "mark of distinction" for acquiring life's experience; see PAIN, THIRD DEGREE, BASHING, GAUNTLET, BRAINWASHING, SQUEEZE, SWEAT, HOLD ONE'S FEET TO THE FIRE, BITE THE BULLET, A MAN'S GOTTA DO WHAT A MAN'S GOTTA DO, HARD-ASS, ONIONS, MOXIE, GUTS, DIEHARD. [nb: "To live is to hurt others, and through others, to hurt oneself" by Albert Camus; "Children show scars like medals. Lovers use them as secrets to reveal. A scar is what happens when the word is made flesh." by Leonard Cohen; "Neither gold nor votes, smiles nor pleas, medals nor diplomas will get you into heaven ... God wants to see your scars!"]

SCARAB THE ARAB :
(scare-rhab the air-rhab, or skay-rhab the ahy-rhab) dismissive reference by rhyming to any enemy soldier in the Mid-East Theater of Operations ("Gulf War Part Two"), as word play that denigrates the Islamic TERRORISTs as "frightened beetles"; see ISAAC THE IRAQ, HAJJI, ALI BABA, SANDY, MUJ, RAGHEAD, SKINNY, STREET ARAB, ALLAH'S WAITING ROOM, INSURGENT, BAD GUYS. [v: Abdullah; cf: palmer (Christian)]

SCARED HORSE :
nickname for the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment (ACR), as derived from the "rearing horse" design of its shoulder PATCH; also called "Frightened Pony" and DANCING PONY. See DARK HORSE.

SCARWAF :
Special Category Army with Air Force.
Special Category Army with Air Force shoulder patch
SCARWAF


SCIF :
(skiff) Navy acronym for Specially Compartmentalized Information Facility; see BUBBLE, ISOFAC.

SCOPE DOPE :
an Air Traffic Control (ATC / ATRC) or RADAR operator (eg: AIC). Also, the useful data or valuable information produced by such scanning, which is displayed on a SCREEN.

SCORCHED-EARTH :
the practice of denying safe haven and succor to one's enemy, their supporters and sympathizers, by the thorough destruction of food, shelter, and other sustenance; although this phrase seemingly originates in China, it was a strategy practiced by American forces in the 19th century under the rubric of "total war".

SCORPION :
a self-propelled tracked vehicle with a 90mm recoilless rifle in an open TURRET, designated M-56, and replaced by the SHERIDAN. It was used for fire base and convoy security, as well as direct ground support. See RR, SPONSON, CHAFFEE, WALKER-BULLDOG, TRACK; compare DUSTER, ONTOS, SPAT.

SCOUT :
crossed-arrows branch insignia of Army Special Forces
SF branch
in the late 19th century, a specialist skilled in reconnaissance and surveillance, typically bi- or multilingual, and often charged with the management of the members of an indigenous MILITIA that was attached to regular units; see KIT CARSON SCOUT, INDIG. In modern times, a specialist skilled in reconnaissance and surveillance who augments an intelligence section; see INTEL, I&R, SHADOW WALKER, SNIPER. [nb: Vietnamese term: Huong Dao Vien] [nb: the "crossed arrows" branch insignia of the SCOUTs was redesignated in 1987 for Army Special Forces (SF/USSF) branch] [nb: U.S. Army officers and enlisted men (NCO/EM) served as the initial custodians for the nascent National Parks from 1872 until 1920, when they were superseded by the National Park Service (NPS); the assigned soldiers wore campaign hats, silver identity badges on green uniforms, and were at first called "scouts", but were later called "rangers" ... hence the adoption of the uniform and RANGER identity by Forest and Park Rangers]

SCOUT DOG :
a specially trained dog, with handler called a "Combat Tracker Team", assigned to the RECON or POINT element of a unit to detect ambushes, BOOBY-TRAPs, and explosives; a separate category from "guard" or "attack" dogs used for security. Dog handling is traditionally conducted using German-language commands accompanied by unambiguous gestures. See K-9, SAPPER; compare IRON DOG, WEASEL.

SCOUTSHIP :
light or unarmed helicopters used for surveillance and reconnaissance, such as OH-13 (SIOUX), OH-23, or OH-58 (KIOWA); see LOH, SLICK, CHOPPER.

SCOW :
any flat-bottomed vessel with a rectangular HULL and sloping ends, such as a barge [cf: bark, barque], sailboat, rowboat, johnboat, dory, punt, gondola, dinghy [v: TENDER], and skiff; as derived from "ferryboat". See LIGHTER, PONTOON, SKIMMER, BOAT.

SCRAM :
a verbal warning to friendly assets by PILOTs of attack or intercept aircraft that firing is about to commence (ie: "I am ready to open fire on the designated target so friendly elements stay clear."), which may include contact designation, direction or area of withdrawal, or armament identification (eg: "SCRAM proximity"). See BOGIE, VISUAL, BANDIT, TALLY-HO, SMOOGE, SPLASH, IFF, SQUAWK, IR MARKERS; compare PLAY BALL. Also, the rapid shutdown of a nuclear reactor in an emergency; it's probably an extension of the 'get out of here' meaning, which may be related to scramble or derived from "schrammen" (to depart), but some etymologists allege it to be an acronym for the "Safety Control Reactor Ax Man" from the safety official at the University of Chicago stadium who was supposed to chop (with an actual ax) the suspension rope holding the radioactive rod so it would fall into the reactor pile and suspend the energy released by fission; see CONTAINMENT, FALLOUT, GENIE, MANHATTAN PROJECT, NEST, BROKEN ARROW, FOOTBALL.

SCRAMBLE :
to make a communicated message incomprehensible to interception by systematically changing transmittal frequencies; see ENCRYPT, KAK, SHACKLE, RTO, RADIO. Also, to act hastily, hurriedly, urgently, expeditiously, precipitately; see ASAP, PDQ, FORTHWITH, CHOGI, CHOP CHOP, RIKI TIK, STAT, GOYA, HAUL-ASS, DECAMP, BAILOUT, STRIP ALERT, JUICE, STAND-TO, SACON, DEFCON, AHOY, TOCSIN, TANNOY.

SCRAMBLED-EGGS :
the decoration (eg: laurel leaves, clouds and lightning) on the visor of service caps worn by flag and field grade officers denoting status, and emblematic of an honorary garland or crown; also known as SPAGHETTI or FARTS 'n' DARTS. See BRASS HAT, BILLED CAP, PIP, HEADGEAR, FRUIT SALAD, TRASH, GONG, BAY. [nb: an insignia emblematic of the honors and lineage of a military organization, unlike familial "coats of arms", may be individually enhanced but not personally heritable; v: Heraldry]

SCRAMJET :
a JET PROPULSION engine that's designed to operate at HYPERSONIC speed using hydrogen fuel; being theoretically three times more efficient than liquid- or solid-fuel rockets, it's capable of achieving escape velocity or orbital speed. Additionally, without the need to carry oxygen, an air-breathing scramjet-powered vehicle can carry a greater PAYLOAD than a rocket-powered one. A SCRAMJET is also known as a "supersonic-combustion ramjet". Compare PULSEJET, RAMJET.

SCREAMING CHICKENS :
101st Airborne Division patch
101st Abn Div
disparaging nickname of the 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile), formally known as Screaming Eagles, from its infantry division mascot during the CIVIL WAR; also called PUKING BUZZARDS, "barfing buzzards", ONE-OH-WORST, and "Hundred and Worst".

SCREAMING EAGLES :
nickname of the 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile) from its infantry division mascot during the CIVIL WAR; also called PUKING BUZZARDS, SCREAMING CHICKENS, "barfing buzzards", ONE-OH-WORST, and "Hundred and Worst".

SCREEN :
a body of troops arrayed in a protective formation, or an arrangement of vehicles, vessels, or aircraft serving to interdict or interpose, as obstructing enemy access or maneuver; also called "screen line", compare BLOCKING FORCE, CORDON. Also, a protective body or vehicular arrangement that moves and maneuvers with a convoy or transient unit; also known as a "screening force", "screening element", or "screening group". Also, a security element whose primary task is to observe, identify, and report information, and which only fights in self-protection; a guard tasked for surveillance, to provide early warning to the main body, or to impede, destroy, and harass enemy reconnaissance within its capability without becoming decisively engaged. Also, any natural or artificial CAMOuflage material, that's opaque to surveillance sensors, and is interposed for CONCEALMENT; see MASK, COVER. Also, an array or mask used in graduated overlay mapping and photography when gauging proportion and/or placement, as a reticle; see FIELD GLASSES, PERISCOPE, PEEPERS. Also, the viewing surface where information or images are displayed; see ANGEL, GRASS, SCOPE DOPE. Also, any mesh, from a debris filter or a capture seine to a grenade fence or a mosquito bar [nb: the word "canopy" originally meant net, as a gauze mosquito barrier; cf: sparver]; see RPG SCREEN, SEA FENCE. Also, a systematic examination, a selective review process, or an investigation; see DOUBTFULS, MOWING THE LAWN, SWEEP.

SCREW :
slang for a propeller, being a device that rotates in a fluid, such as air or water, so as to advance a craft by the thrust of its blades; independently invented in 1837 by Swedish-American engineer John Ericsson and English inventor Sir Francis P. Smith to supersede the less efficient paddle wheel, since evolving from fixed to variable pitch to obtain constant speed, and counter rotation to balance torque on multiple propeller mounts. Also, a cylindrical rod, tapered or not, marked by twisted spiral threading that acts as a mechanical device, such as a fastener (eg: bolt) or as a conveyance (eg: pump); invention credited to Archimedes. Also, a euphemism for sex, sexual relations, sexual intercourse, coitus, coition, venery, copulation, fornication, commerce, congress, seduction, knowledge; see CHURNING BUTTER, BOOM-BOOM, SHORT-TIME, FUCK, HOOKUP, DIDDLY, ACT OF CONGRESS, BUTTERFLY, HAT TRICK, DAISY CHAIN, TRICK, LOVE HANDLES; compare STEAM 'n' CREAM, SHACK-JOB, HELL ON WHEELS, CHOWING DOWN, HUMMERR, BUSH PILOT, MUFF DIVER, STROKE BOOK.

SCREW THE POOCH :
an incredibly stupid mistake, a thoroughly thoughtless error, a blunder, faux pas or solecism, with consequences ranging from embarrassment to total disaster; derived from a bawdy old joke concluding with the lover inadvertently screwing the lady's dog. See FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA.

SCRIP :
paper currency (often color-coded) issued by competent authority for temporary use; also called "funny money", "play money", or "shinplaster". Technically known as "fiat money", it has no intrinsic value and is not convertible to any specie or commodity, being based only on the "trust" of the government in an effort to help control inflation in the local economy. See MPC, HARD TIMES TOKEN, LEGAL TENDER. [nb: not "script"; v: flying money, credit money, spirit money]

SCRIPTURES :
any authoritative source or reference stipulating practices and procedures; see PARTY LINE, PLANK, LAWS OF WAR, RULES OF ENGAGEMENT (ROE), READ-BACK, UNODIR, OVERSIGHT, NO EXCUSE, ZERO TOLERANCE, CHECKING THE DICTIONARY, WIGGLE ROOM, OFF THE RESERVATION, VFR DIRECT, NATIONAL SECURITY, TOE THE LINE, LINE OF DUTY, COMBAT EFFECTIVE, SOP, FSR, FM, TM, TC, THE BIBLE, MANUAL OF ARMS, BLUE BOOK, ORDER. [cf: vade mecum] [nb: like the distinction between freedom from (prohibition) and freedom to (permission), MILICRATs interpret reg's as "all that's permitted" (inclusive), but CAN DO interprets reg's as "all is permitted that's not forbidden" (exclusive) ... creativity builds higher morale, wins more battles, and saves more lives!] [nb: real life always transcends the rule book]

SCROLL :
2nd Battalion, 75th Airborne Ranger Regiment scroll
2/75 Abn Rngr scroll
a shoulder PATCH (SSI) in the form of a banner or ribbon, being a traditional design pattern among RANGER and other SOF units; it has been said that "The TAB is a school but the SCROLL is a lifestyle!" Compare Q-TAB, TRIPLE CANOPY [nb: the Ranger qualification tab is not worn on the left sleeve when a Ranger regimental scroll is the unit insignia of assignment]. Also, a roll or list, as a "MUSTER roll", DUTY ROSTER, or SHIT LIST. Also, a rolled document on parchment or paper containing writing or printing, such as a certificate or diploma. Also, a spiraled or coiled ornament, resembling a partly unrolled sheet of paper, as an heraldic device. Heraldry]

SCROUNGE :
to forage or trade for needed supplies and equipment; as distinguished from "borrow without repayment" (theft) by employing barter economy of exchanged goods and services. See CUMSHAW, BEGGING BOWL, SOUVENIR; compare MIDNIGHT REQUISITION.

SCRUB :
to cancel or postpone the execution or implementation of an act or sequence, such as a SORTIE or FIRE MISSION; see BELAY, CEASE-FIRE, WAVE OFF, KNOCK IT OFF, RING THE BELL. Also, low shrubs and thick brush collectively, or the area covered by such undersized vegetation; see BUSH, BOONDOCKS / BOONIES, THE J, BACKWASH, INDIAN COUNTRY, THULE, TULE. Also, to thoroughly scour or cleanse something, especially the grease trap in a GALLEY or MESS / MESSHALL; see ELBOW GREASE, SWEAT, HOUSECLEANING, KP, POLICE. Also, anyone or anything that's inferior or insignificant, hindered or incapable; being marginal or substandard, as a stunted mongrel or a second-string athlete; see PUKE, POGUE, DUD, DOPE, YARDBIRD, MAGGOT, SMACK, FIELD REJECT, SHIT MAGNET, GOLDBRICK, FEATHER MERCHANT, GHOST, TAP-DANCER, SLACKER, TURD, PUNK, CANDY-ASS, MOAN 'n' GROAN.

SCUBA :
SCUBA qualification badge
SCUBA badge
Special Operations diver badge
Spl Opns diver badge
acronym for Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus; a portable breathing device for free-swimming divers. An experimental underwater breathing system was first employed by Dr. Freminet in 1772. In 1825, a helmeted "diving dress" with a self-contained air tank was introduced by William James. The "aqua-lung" was invented (1942) during WWII by Emile Gagnan and Jacques Y. Cousteau. SCUBA proficiency, earned after a thirty-two day course of instruction, was recognized by a skill badge on 1 May 1969, and a Special Operations SCUBA qualification badge was added in 2004. See WET SUIT, Q-COURSE, DIVER, SEAL; compare HARD HAT, SNORT, SNORKEL, OBA, EEBD, GAS MASK.

SCUTTLE :
a small HATCH or PORT, or its hatchway cover, located in the top, sides, or bottom of a vessel; as derived from a cutting of cloth. Also, to deliberately sink something, such as a vessel by opening seacocks, or to intentionally ruin or destroy something, such as abandoned plans or foiled rumors; see HARD-AND-FAST, FOUNDER. Also, a short scurry or DASH, a quick run or hurried movement [v: scud], as when moving under enemy fire; see ZIGZAG. Also, a broad shallow bucket or basket, especially one designed for pouring; as derived from a shallow pan or platter ("scutra").

SCUTTLEBUTT :
gossip, RUMOR; derived from an open cask of drinking water on-board ship (the progenitor of the office water-cooler); see BAMBOO TELEGRAPH, POOP, GOUGE, THE WORD, GREEN GREASE, BACK CHANNEL, RUMOR, GRIPEVINE.

S-DAY :
Selective Reserve call-up Day; the unnamed day that the President authorizes the call-up of not more than 200,000 Selective Reserve servicemembers. See TIME.

SDF :
Self-Defense Forces; see SSDF, PSDF, DFS.

SDIO :
abbreviation for the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization, commonly called STAR WARS, now known as the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO).

SDO :
Staff Duty Officer, a mid-grade officer (O-4 to O-6) tasked for responsibility of higher command during OFF-DUTY hours, and supervisor of detailed junior officers; compare CQ, OOD, SOPA, CDO, DUTY DOG, DOG ROBBER, DOGSBODY; see BRASSARD, PARADE, DETAIL.

SDV :
Swimmer Delivery Vehicle, as used by USN to insert or recover COVERT teams for special operations; see GATOR, TRAWL.

SEA :
Southeast Asia; including Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Vietnamese term: "Dong Nam A"; also known as "Little China" (Kun Lun or Nan Yang). See INDOCHINA.

SEA BAG :
U.S. Navy and Marine usage for DUFFEL BAG; see FLIGHT BAG, WAR BAG.

SEABEES :
SeaBees patch
SeaBees
mobile Naval construction engineers; acronym derived from the initials 'C.B.' as abbreviation for Construction Battalion. Seabee mottoes are "Can Do" and "We Build, We Fight", but are also known as the "Bees of the Seven Seas". SeaBees in VN were subordinate to Naval Construction Battalion Pacific Fleet (CBPAC). See CE, ENGR, SNIPE, SAPPER, NCB, NCFPAC, NMCB, NCDU, RED HORSE.

SEA BOOK :
an unofficial commemorative account of a ship and its crew during a specified period or mission (FLOAT), often including some historical perspective and anecdotal material; resembles a school classbook or yearbook, and is also called "cruise book". Compare AIRBORNE ALBUM, WAR DIARY, JOURNAL.

SEAC :
SouthEast Asia Command, established 1943; in which theater OSS detachments (ie: 101, 303, 404, 505) operated during WWII. The abbreviation was also interpreted as: "Save England's Asiatic Colonies" and "Supreme Example of Allied Confusion". See CBI.

SEA CHEST :
a lidded box for stowing duty items and personal possessions, being U.S. Navy and Marine usage for FOOTLOCKER.

SEA COBRA :
the US Navy AH-1J, a single-rotor, dual-crew, light attack helicopter armed with a variety of machine guns, rockets, grenade launchers, and anti-tank (AT) missiles; used for close air support (CAS). See COBRA, CHOPPER.

SEACOCK :
a valve in the HULL of a ship for admitting seawater into some internal chamber, as for ballast.

SEACOORD :
acronym for SouthEast Asia COORDinating committee; properly known as Coordinating Committee for U.S. Mission Southeast Asia, being the authoritative body responsible, effective 7 October 1964, for approving aerial engagement and overflight policies for the SEA region.

SEAD :
(seed) Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses.

SEA DADDY :
superior who functions as a professional military career guide, counselor, mentor, sponsor, patron, or protector for select and favored subordinates of great potential, also called "godfather"; see PATRON SAINT, RABBI, LOYALTY UP - LOYALTY DOWN; compare RING-KNOCKER, TICKET-PUNCHER, KHAKI MAFIA. [cf: apparatchik, nomenklatura, nabob, nibs] [nb: 'compadre' derived from "godfather"]

SEA DRAGON :
the CODENAME designation given to a joint U.S. Navy and Royal Australian Navy operation conducted in the Tonkin Gulf portion of the South China Sea, in conjunction with the Rolling Thunder air campaign, to interdict the North Vietnamese supply lines; beginning in October 1966 and ending with the bombing halt of October 1968. Consisting of paired vessels ranging the coast as far north as the 20th parallel, American and Australian cruisers and destroyers, supported by spotter aircraft from nearby carriers, bombarded infiltration routes, RADAR sites, and coastal batteries, sinking supply craft, receiving counterbattery fire but without any losses.

SEA FENCE :
a durable mesh suspended from a CABLE that's strung between BUOYs so as to isolate or confine a select area, usually for protective purposes; extending to the seafloor, the mesh is typically sized to permit the passage of fishes, but not people. When used militarily, such a barrier must be guarded and patrolled, inspected and maintained; and is typically lowered to permit the passage of watercraft and other vessels. See SCREEN.

SEAGOING MARINE :
USMC sea duty insignia
sea duty
informal reference to a Marine, specially trained at Sea School, who is assigned to the Marine Detachment aboard ship as part of the SHIP'S COMPLEMENT or PERMANENT PARTY, and distinguished by an insignia showing a golden seahorse superimposed upon a golden anchor within a crimson lozenge; the USMC discontinued the assignment of Marine Detachments on-board Naval vessels in 1998, disbanding a tradition dating from the inception of the Marine Corps in 1775. See SNUFFY, GYRENE, CHINA MARINE, HORSE MARINE, JARHEAD, THE CROTCH, MAMELUKE SWORD, USMC.

SEA HAWK :
USN/USMC SH-/HH-/MH-60 series version of the BLACKHAWK helicopter; also designated JAYHAWK by USCG, and commonly called "Hawk". Designation often misspelled "SeaHawk"; see CHOPPER.

SEA HUT :
SouthEast Asia Huts. Standardized design buildings made of horizontally louvered-board walls four feet high, with screen inside from the bottom to the roof, with doors at each end, under a corrigated tin roof, emplaced on either a block foundation or concrete pad, and most were protected by a STAND-OFF sandbag wall. Many added sandbags to the roof for wind-protection (not to reduce blast effect). There were thousands of these SEA HUTs all over Vietnam and Thailand, being used for everything from offices to living quarters, from clubs to storage. See BLDG, BILLET; compare BUTLER BUILDING, HUTMENT.

SEAITACS :
Southeast Asia Integrated Tactical Air Control System.

SEA KING :
US Navy H-3 / UH-3 / HH-3 single-rotor, medium-lift helicopter used for air/sea rescue (SAR) and personnel/cargo transport in support of aircraft carrier operations. Some versions are equipped for anti-submarine operations (ASW). See CHOPPER.

SEA KNIGHT :
Boeing CH-46 /-D twin-engine, large-capacity, transport or cargo helicopter; being the amphibious USN/USMC version of the CHINOOK, nicknamed "Frog". See TIGER AIRLINE, CHOPPER.

SEAL :
SEAL Team 1 patch
SEAL Team 1
SEAL Team 2 patch
SEAL Team 2
US Navy special warfare force and its members; purported acronym for "Sea Air Land" or "Special Elite Air Land sailors". The acronym has also been interpreted as "Suffer Everyday And Laugh", "Sleep Eat And Lie" / "...Lay", and "Savage Evil Animal League". During the VIETNAM WAR, the enemy called SEALs "devils with green faces"; and together with FROGMEN, have been known as "naked warriors" since their inception. The SEALs' unofficial motto is "The only easy day was yesterday!". Authorized by President John F. Kennedy on 8 January 1962 to supplement UDT elements by developing Unconventional Warfare (UW) and COUNTER-GUERRILLA warfare operational tactics for maritime and riverine environments. Originally formed as two teams (ie: SEAL Team One on west coast, SEAL Team Two on east coast), and now increased to nine teams, these elite sailors use SCUBA and AIRBORNE skills in small groups for counterinsurgency, counter-terrorism, special operations, amphibious support, and special delivery (SDV / SBU) missions. A trainee or inexperienced SEAL is commonly called a PUP, as the term for young seals; and the training course is divided into pre-"Hell Week" (4wks), "Hell Week" (fifth week), and post-"Hell Week" (11wks) phases. The official qualification badge for SEALs, called the Special Warfare Badge, but informally known as the "Trident", and widely known as the BUDWEISER, was adopted in 1971, incorporating the UDT badge as its central motif; initially silver for EM/CPO and gold for officers, but later changed to all gold, like the formal USN/USMC parachute badge. Instead of the regular "ship assignment" arc, SEALs wear a "SEAL Team #" shoulder tab on their uniform. Most SEAL teams have an unofficial mascot patch, showing a "combat seal" with USN "toys", which may be worn OFF-DUTY. SEAL Teams One and Two operated on six-month rotations in Vietnam from 1963 to 1973; incurring 46 deaths, which resulted more from accidents and INTEL failures than from direct enemy fire. SEALs are proud of the fact that no teammate (alive or dead) has ever been left behind, and that no SEAL has ever been captured. The Vietnamese term: Lien Doi Nguoi Nhai, Lien Doan Nguoi Nhai (LDNN). Unlike the LLDB (VNSF), which disbanded when its USSF sponsor departed RVN, the VNN SEALs not only continued their operations, but withdrew as an intact unit when RVN was defeated.

SEA LAWYER :
any disgruntled or maladjusted sailor who constantly complains and persistently quibbles; also called BARRACKS LAWYER.

SEALORDS :
an acronym for SouthEast Asia Lake, Ocean, River, and Delta Strategy, being a joint US and RVN Navy operation, formally designated Task Force 194, and commanded by COMNAVFORV (Commander of U.S. Naval Forces Vietnam). Its aim was to cut enemy supply lines and disrupt enemy base areas accessed by waterways. The SEALORDS operation, beginning in October 1968, consisted of vessels of the Coastal Surveillance Force (Task Force 115), the River Patrol Force (Task Force 116), the Mobile Riverine Assault Force (Task Force 117), some South Vietnamese Navy vessels, the 9th Inf Div Riverine Forces, and some RVN Army and Marine Corps elements. SEALORDS emplaced patrol barriers, including electronic sensors, along inland and coastal waterways, paralleling the Cambodian border, the Cua Dai and Hoi An Rivers, the Saigon River, the Ca Mau Peninsula, and the Gulf of Siam. This force also participated in the May-June 1970 Cambodian INCURSION, reaching the capital of Phnom Penh. The U.S. Navy's role in SEALORDS ceased in April 1971, and the operation became the responsibility of the South Vietnamese Navy. See MRF, BROWN WATER.

SEAOR :
SouthEast Asia Operational Requirement

SEA POWER :
the doctrine of supremacy of the sea pertinent to BATTLEFIELDs that's endorsed and manifested by the U.S. Navy (USN); see BLUE LINE, BROWN WATER, BLUE WATER, POND, THE DRINK, FLOAT, CHOP LINE, FLEET, FLAGSHIP, BOAT, WARSHIP; compare LAND POWER, AIR POWER.

SEARCH AND CLEAR :
offensive military operations to sweep through areas to locate, drive-out or attack the enemy; compare CLEAR AND HOLD, CORDON AND SEARCH.

SEARCH AND DESTROY :
offensive operations designed to find and destroy enemy forces, headquarters and supply installations, rather than establish permanent government control; also called SNOOP 'n' POOP and ZIPPO missions. Compare CLEAR AND HOLD, CORDON AND SEARCH, SEARCH AND CLEAR.

SEARCH AND RECOVERY :
see RECOVERY.

SEARCH AND RESCUE :
see SAR, CSAR, CSARTF, JSARC, BRIGHT LIGHT, JPRC, RCC, RIT, HOT HOIST, JUNGLE PENETRATOR, PJ, TRAP, RESCAP, SARCAP, GUARD, SAFE, MOWING THE LAWN, SWEEP, BLOOD CHIT, HOME RUN, POINTIE TALKIE, RECOVERY. [nb: Locate, Assess, Stabilize, Transport (LAST)] [nb: during the VIETNAM WAR, more than 4000 MIL-PERS were saved in aggressive CSAR operations, which cost 71 rescuemen their lives]

SEASHORE :
see SHORE, BREAKWATER [v: beach, tideland, tidal flats, shoal]

SEA SPRITE :
the US Navy H-2 / UH-2 / HH-2; a single rotor light lift helicopter used for air/sea rescue (SAR), personnel/cargo transport, and anti-submarine operations (ASW) from naval vessels. See CHOPPER.

SEA STALLION :
amphibious USN/USMC version of the Sikorsky CH-53, HH-53, or MH-53 heavy helicopter series; succeeded by the Super Sea Stallion, commonly called "echo". See SMOKY BEAR, JOLLY GREEN GIANT, CHOPPER.

SEASTAR :
the Lockheed TV-2, being the Navy version of the T-33 SHOOTING STAR; see BIRD.

SEA STORY :
in NavSpeak, to brag or lie, usually when the "sun is over the YARDARM"; compare SHOOT THE SHIT, TALK TRASH, BRAVO SIERRA, TELL IT TO THE MARINES, CHICKEN SHIT, WAR STORY, COUNT COUP, RUMOR, WANNABE, ATFU, MIL-SPEAK.

SEA SWALLOWS :
(forthcoming); Father Hoa, Vietnamese counterinsurgency; see COUNTER-GUERRILLA, RF, RF/PF, PSDF.

SEATIC :
SouthEast Asia Translation and Interpreter Command, a combined British and American organization in WWII; see DLI.

SEATO :
SouthEast Asia Treaty Organization, founded at the behest of Dwight D. Eisenhower on 8 September 1954 by the United States, France, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Thailand, and the Philippines to oppose further communist expansion in the region of Southeast Asia; modeled after the coalition that arrested communist expansion in Northeast Asia, specifically Korea. See PENTALATERAL AGREEMENT, ASEAN, ANZUS, FWF, KANZUS, UN.

SEAT OF THE PANTS :
improvisations after "the plan" or 'normal systems' have failed; as in "operating by the ..." or "flying by the ...". See PLAN B, DISGRONIFICATOR, BUG, GREMLIN, MURPHY'S LAW, FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA; compare CATCH-22, SNIPE HUNT, CIRCLE JERK, CHICKEN SHIT, MICKEY MOUSE.

SEAT TIME :
informal designation among PILOTs since WWII for actual involvement or active participation, such as when flying in the "hot seat", instead of just occupying space (BLOB) like a passenger; being a metonym for experience.

SEA WOLF :
USN helicopter designation

SECDEF :
SECretary of DEFense, includes Assistants (ASD); see OSD. [nb: neither the Secretary of Defense nor any of the Secretaries of the Army, Air Force, or Navy are in the CHAIN-OF-COMMAND; compare NSC]

SECNAV :
SECretary of the NAVy.

SECONDARY :
short form of SECONDARY EXPLOSION.

SECONDARY EXPLOSION :
any explosion subsequent to an initial explosion, as a sympathetic explosion that's caused by or results from another explosion; a SECONDARY includes a two-stage MUNITION, detonation of volatile material, and the like; see BLOWN, TRIGGER, DETONATOR, EXPLOSIVE. [nb: qualifiers, such as primary or tertiary, are only relative to the existence of a secondary explosion; an explosion without a secondary is not primary (albeit singular), and a tertiary is only another secondary]

SECONDARY EXPLOSIVE :
either a relatively stable and insensitive high-explosive which is initiated by a primary explosive in a sequence, or a volatile substance that is spontaneously or sympathetically initiated as a consequence of provocative conditions (ie: heat, shock, etc).

SECONDARY FRAGMENTATION :
fragments, usually admixed with the elements of the explosive device, that are made up from TARGET and accessory materials, other than those produced by the device itself. Compare PRIMARY FRAGMENTATION; see COLLATERAL DAMAGE.

SECOND BANANA :
(forthcoming); see DCO, XO, COMMAND ELEMENT, CHAIN-OF-COMMAND. [v: locum tenens, heir apparent, tanist, substitute, surrogate, successor; cf: lieutenant (LT)]

SECRET :
a delimiter qualifying duplication and restricting distribution of CLASSIFIED documents; see NEED TO KNOW, COMPARTMENTALIZATION.

SECRET AGENT :
a covert or clandestine operative of some agency or organization who gathers intelligence or disseminates false data (DISINFORMATION) or PROPAGANDA; rarely involved in "direct action" (often called "wet work" if blood is spilled). Most of the special programs in the VIETNAM WAR were penetrated by agents or sympathizers, and some were able to be "doubled" or "tripled" by various controllers. Special Forces Project Gamma became notorious when its officers executed a double agent who had repeatedly cost numerous lives and compromised missions. Also called SPOOK or CRYPTO; and known as "Jane Bond" when female. See TRADECRAFT, FLUTTER, SWEAT, BUG, SLEEPER, MOLE, FIX, PROVOCATEUR, THROW-AWAY, DANGLE, RABBIT, HANDLER, SWEEPER, DECOY, STOOGE, ESPIONAGE, CE, RUMOR. [v: intelligencer]

SECSTATE :
SECretary of STATE; see DAO, COUNTRY TEAM, USAID.

SECTION EIGHT / SECTION 8 :
unsuitability discharge for character or behavior (C&B) disorders; see DISCHARGE, COG, DUD, YARDBIRD, POGUE, BARRACKS/SEA LAWYER.

SECURITE :
an international RADIO/TELEPHONE distress call that does not involve the imminent loss of life or property; an international distress signal used to inform others about something vital to their safety. This alert or warning is announced on the GUARD channel, with directions to switch to a non-emergency frequency (FREQ) for the full text of the message. This call often provides immediate notice of navigation hazards. Compare MAYDAY, PAN; see SOS, CSEL, BLIND TRANSMISSION, RTP, PROWORD.

SELECTED RESERVE :
those units and individuals within the Ready Reserve designated by their respective Services, and approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), as so essential to initial wartime missions that they have priority over all other Reserves; all Selected Reservists are in an active status, and includes those persons performing initial ACTIVE DUTY FOR TRAINING. See RESERVE.

SELF-DEFENSE :
those acts necessary to protect oneself, or the lives, property, and interests for which one is responsible; an instance of justifiably protecting life and interests from harm by force or the threat of force; see ACTIVE DEFENSE, PASSIVE DEFENSE.

SEMAPHORE :
a visual signaling system, such as using flags or lights; based on clock-hands, as developed by Albert J. Myer during the early 19th century. See WIGWAG, BURGEE.

SEMINOLE WAR :
the SEMINOLE WAR, beginning in 1835, proved to be the most costly of the Indian wars in which the United States engaged ... lasting almost eight years, this war cost the lives of 1,500 American soldiers and an expenditure of more than thirty million dollars. The Seminoles are a composite tribe, splintered from the Creek confederation, and receptive to fugitive slaves, that was resident in the territory formerly occupied by the Apalachee in Spanish Florida ("Land of Flowers") during the early 18th century, and became involved in several confrontations between Spain and the United States, most notably during 1812 and 1817. In the retaliatory expedition of 1817-18, Andrew Jackson invaded Florida to punish the Seminoles, which led to the 1832 Treaty of Paynes Landing, requiring the Seminoles to move west of the Mississippi River within three years. Most Seminoles, led by Osceola, refused to relocate, and resisted by organizing small raiding parties that attacked American troops who were rendered helpless by this tactic. Although Osceola was captured in 1837 (while attending an armistice conference) and died in prison a few months later, resistance continued. When William J. Worth became the commander of U.S. forces in 1841, a new SCORCHED-EARTH strategy was adopted: systematically burning the Seminole's crops and destroying their villages. Subdued by the onset of winter and the prospect of starvation, the Seminoles surrendered in 1942, and were removed westward under a new treaty, although some remained isolated in the Everglades.

SEMPER FI :
short for "Semper Fidelis", Latin for "Always Faithful"; being the motto of the US Marine Corps, replacing "Fortitudine", Latin for "Fortitude". See UCGC, KEEP THE FAITH, ESPRIT DE CORPS, OATH.

SEMPER KNIFE :
in the politically-correct Marine Corps, a satiric twist on the SEMPER FI motto that indicates backstabbing instead of brotherhood; equivalent to Army BLUE FALCON. See BAYONET SHEET.

SENTINEL :
the Piper l-5 light, propeller-driven, single-engine, high fixed-wing, two-seat monoplane used by USA/USAF/USMC for liaison, observation, and forward air control (FAC) missions; see BIRD DOG, GRASSHOPPER. Also, a person or thing that stands watch; see SENTRY, WATCH, WATCHER, ARGUS. [v: "watch and ward"]

SENTINELS :
ASA patch
ASA
nickname of the Army Security Agency (ASA) or U.S. Army Security Agency (USASA); being the commo-crypto experts. Army Security was created 15 December 1952, and was merged to form Army Intelligence and Security on 1 July 1962, which was redesignated Military Intelligence (MI) on 1 July 1967. See INTEL, CIC.

SENTRY :
a guard, especially a soldier stationed to prevent unauthorized passage; as derived from "sentinel" (vigilance). See ARGUS, WATCH, WATCHER, EARTH ANGEL, ROADRUNNER, TRAIL WATCHER, COIGN OF VANTAGE, DETAIL, FPS, POLICE, OP, LP, POINT, SPEARHEAD, SUICIDE SQUAD. [v: picket, warder, vedette, "watch and ward"] [v: General Orders of a Sentry]

SENTRY BOX :
a small spare shelter for the use of a guard or sentinel; also called "sentry post" or "guard shack". Compare BARBICAN, GUARDHOUSE, PILLBOX; see BLDG, BILLET. [cf: shooter's box]

SEPARATE RATS :
separate rations; a subsidy allocation that includes basic quarters allowance (BAQ / BAH). This subsidy consists of supplemental money issued to NCOs and officers for living off-post/-BASE. Although SEPARATE RATS was only a meager sum added to the individual's base-pay, married EMs were not eligible, even though they were the ones who needed it most ... later filing for food stamps in order to provide for the welfare of their families. See QTRS, CLASS-B DEPENDENT, DRAG, CAMP FOLLOWER, GREEN BLOOD, BRAT, ARMY SOUP. [nb: until the Vietnam-era, the military did not recognize the spouse or other dependents of enlisted personnel below the non-commissioned officer ranks]

SEQUESTRATION :
to separate or isolate, remove or withdraw, such as the incommunicado lock-down of a pre-launch SOF team in an ISOFAC. Also, to seize, hold, and control property pending resolution and disposition, especially enemy possessions; as derived from "to deposit into the care of a trustee"; compare COMMANDEER, SPOILS OF WAR. [cf: appropriation, expropriation, requisition, purveyance, impoundment, confiscation, preemption, eminent domain, forfeiture] Also, an across-the-board cut in government (THE G, GSA) spending; see THE EAGLE SHITS, SALARY, PRO PAY, FIELD ALLOWANCE, UA, BAQ, BAH, SEPARATE RATS, DOUBLE-DIP, GI BILL, SLUSH FUND, CANDY, JUICE, GOLDEN SHOWER, PORK BARREL, GAO. [nb: 'stipend', as a tax-exempt allowance or honorary salary, usually a pittance, derives from "soldier's pay"] [cf: blood money; 'wages' are compensation or recompense, from carry on, struggle, pledge]

SERB :
acronym for Selective Early Retirement Board, being the review authority for cutbacks and downsizing to reduce manpower for the anticipated Armed Forces role; a DISCHARGE within 90-days, including severance pay, of redundant individuals not slated for promotion. See DUMP, KICKSTANDED, RIF, PEACE DIVIDEND. [nb: the military has an involuntary "stop-loss" authority, which allows each branch to compel soldiers who reach the end of their enlistment to remain in uniform for "the good of the service"]

SERE :
Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape patch
SERE
(sear) Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape training program of practical techniques, based upon realistic assessments developed as a result of POW experiences in Korea and Vietnam; the Resistance Training Lab (RTL) is the application phase of the course that simulates imprisonment after capture. This 3-week program was later expanded to "Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape, Recovery" (SERER) so as to include rescue modalities. Unlike earlier E&E training, where successful evasion exempted the student from imprisonment, this course mandates that everyone experience captivity, so as to practice the coping mechanisms associated with interrogation and deprivation. See SAFE, BUG-OUT KIT, ENVIS, BRIGHT LIGHT, HOME RUN, BLOOD CHIT, POINTIE TALKIE, CODE OF CONDUCT. [nb: USAF Combat Survival Training, a twenty-day course of instruction, teaches survival and evasion techniques for any terrain or climate with the objective of returning to friendly lines without the intervention of rescue and recovery (SAR/CSAR, PJ/RIT/TRAP) assets]

SERER :
Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape, Recovery; see SERE, TO&E.

SERGEANT / SGT :
the lowest sergeant rating, represented by three chevrons as sleeve rank insignia, which is also known as BUCK Sergeant; see SARGE, DI, ROCKER, RIGHT ARM, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SERGEANT FIRST CLASS / SFC :
being the non-commissioned officer (NCO) grade (E-7) between Staff Sergeant (E-6) and Master Sergeant or Master Gunnery Sergeant (E-8), and represented by three chevrons above two ROCKERs as sleeve rank insignia. See SARGE, BUCK, DI, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, NCO, SUPER GRADE, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SERGEANT MAJOR / SGM :
US Army Sergeant Major
SGM
being a SUPER GRADE non-commissioned officer (NCO) rated (E-9) between Master Sergeant (MSG) or First Sergeant (1SG) and Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA), and represented by three chevrons above three ROCKERs with a centered star as sleeve rank insignia; this rank is rated equal to Command Sergeant Major (CSM). See SARGE, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, TOP DOG, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SERGEANT MAJOR OF THE ARMY / SMA :
being the highest non-commissioned officer (NCO) rating in the U.S. Army, represented by a unique sleeve rank insignia consisting of three chevrons above three ROCKERs with two stars centered (1979), later revised (1994) by the addition of the national eagle positioned between the two stars. See SARGE, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, TOP DOG, SUPER GRADE, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SERIAL NUMBER :
all supply items have stock numbers but accountable supply items, from optics and commo to weapons and motors, also have serial numbers. The loss of accountable items could involve military punishment or pay deductions for reimbursement. During the VIETNAM WAR, people were no longer issued "serial numbers" (properly called SERVICE NUMBER, but serial in the sense of sequential), so the military converted accountability to Social Security Numbers (eg: AFSN, ASSN, SSAN).

SERTS :
the Screaming Eagle Replacement Training School of the 101st Abn Div in RVN, being a refresher course for "lessons learned" in the field; also known as "cherry school" or CHARM SCHOOL. See FTA, COC, OJT, Q-COURSE.

SERVICE CAP :
also known as "brim cap", "wheel hat", BILLED CAP, SAUCER CAP, CRUSHER, "pizza hat" (USMC), and "Donald Duck cap" (USN), as worn by all branches and grades with variations of color, style, and insignia. See SCRAMBLED-EGGS, SPAGHETTI, FARTS 'n' DARTS, GARRISON CAP, CAMPAIGN HAT, BERET, HEADGEAR.

SERVICE MEDAL :
see CAMPAIGN MEDAL, I WAS THERE, BATTLE STAR, DEVICE, FRUIT SALAD, GONG.

SERVICEMEMBER :
see MIL-PERS, MILPER, MILICRAT, BOOT, SQUID, SWABBY, SNUFFY, DOGFACE, SKIRT, GI JANE, GI JOE, GI.

SERVICE NUMBER :
the accountability number, abbreviated SN, often with a letter prefix designating status, that was sequentially issued to Armed Forces personnel from WWI (12 Feb 1918) to the VIETNAM WAR, when it was replaced by the Social Security Number (eg: AFSN, ASSN, SSAN). Some of the prefix designations included: A = WAC EM/NCO; V = WAC WO; L = WAC officer; R = hospital dietitian; M = physical therapist; N = Army Nurse Corps; CS = contract surgeon; O = commissioned officer; W = warrant officer; T = WO Flight Officer; 1/RA = Regular Army; 20/NG = National Guard; 3/US = draftee; S = Army Specialist Corps. Some notable Army SNs include: O-1 John J. Pershing; O-57 Douglas A. MacArthur; O-742 John L. DeWitt; O-1616 George C. Marshall; O-2605 George S. Patton Jr; O-2686 Courtney H. Hodges; O-3706 Carl A. Spaatz; O-3807 Omar N. Bradley; O-3822 Dwight D. Eisenhower; O-5264 Matthew B. Ridgway; O-8431 Maurice Rose; O-17676 James M. Gavin; OA-1 Oveta C. Hobby. Compare SERIAL NUMBER; see AGO, ID CARD, DOG TAGS. [nb: Vietnamese term: So Quan]

SEVEN MOUNTAINS :
. See U MINH FOREST, HO BO WOODS, CENTRAL HIGHLANDS.

7.62 MINIS :
the caliber and shape (7.62X39mm) of the CARTRIDGE used by the KALASHNIKOV (or AK-series) rifle and RPD light machinegun; see ELDEST SON.

SEVENTEENTH PARALLEL :
the temporary dividing line between North and South Vietnam, as established by the Geneva Accords of 1954.

72 VIRGINS DATING SERVICE :
an apocryphal agency licensing hunters to enable fanatic Islamites to enter paradise and be rewarded by compliant virgins, being the GULF WAR equivalent of the "Viet Cong Hunting Club" and "Southeast Asia Sport Hunting Club" from an earlier era. See SPORT HUNTING CLUB, ALLAH'S WAITING ROOM, DEATH CARD; compare TONKIN GULF YACHT CLUB, PERSIAN GULF YACHT CLUB.

SF :
U.S. Army Special Forces shoulder patch with Q-tab
Army SF
abbreviation for U.S. Army Special Forces (USSF), preferred designation is "SFer"; Vietnamese term Luc Luong Dac Biet (LLDB). See SPECIAL FORCES, SNEAKY PETE, SNAKE-EATER, BLANKET HEAD, GREEN BERET, ELECTRIC BUTTERKNIFE, BRONZE BRUCE, GABRIEL, ROBIN SAGE, SFQC, THE GREEKS, SFOD, A TEAM, ODA, B TEAM, ODB, C TEAM, ODC, SFOB, DOOR KICKING, SOF, SPECIAL OPERATIONS. [nb: The Rangers of World War II and Korea had been designed as light-infantry shock troops; their mission was to hit hard, hit fast, then get out so larger and more heavily armed units could follow through. Special Forces, on the other hand, were designed to spend months, even years, deep within hostile territory. They would have to be self-sustaining, without extensive resupply from the outside. They would have to speak the language and know the customs of their target area.] [nb: six A TEAMs or ODAs comprise a company (CO), three SF Companies comprise a battalion (BN), and four SF Battalions comprise a group (effective 2007); each active duty SF Group specializes in the languages and cultures of a particular region (ie: 1st SFGA in East Asia; 3rd SFGA in Africa, Mid-East, and Central Asia; 5th SFGA in Mid-East and Central Asia; 7th SFGA in South America; and 10th SFGA in Europe)]

SFC :
abbreviation for Sergeant First Class, being the non-commissioned officer (NCO) grade (E-7) between Staff Sergeant (E-6) and Master Sergeant or Master Gunnery Sergeant (E-8), and represented by three chevrons above two ROCKERs as sleeve rank insignia. See SARGE, BUCK, DI, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, NCO, SUPER GRADE, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SFG :
U.S. Army Special Forces Group (eg: 5SFGAbn); sometimes abbreviated "SFGp" or "SFGAbn"; see GROUP, SPECIAL FORCES. [nb: six A TEAMs or ODAs comprise a company (CO), three SF Companies comprise a battalion (BN), and four SF Battalions comprise a group (effective 2007); each active duty SF Group specializes in the languages and cultures of a particular region (ie: 1st SFGA in East Asia; 3rd SFGA in Africa, Mid-East, and Central Asia; 5th SFGA in Mid-East and Central Asia; 7th SFGA in South America; and 10th SFGA in Europe)]

SFOB :
Special Forces Operations Base; the location for the headquarters (HQ) of an Army Special Forces Group (SFG); see SPECIAL FORCES.

SFOD :
Special Forces Operational Detachment, typically qualified by a number or letter specifically designating a particular unit (eg: 1SFOD-D = 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment - Delta, or DELTA FORCE).

SFQC :
Special Forces Qualification Course; designation for SF training, also called "SF pipeline". The US Army SPECIAL FORCES qualification sequence is SFPC I: Special Forces Preparation and Conditioning Course I; Phase I - SFAS: Special Forces Assessment and Selection; CLT: Common Leader Training; SFPC II: Special Forces Preparation and Conditioning Course II; Phase II: Small Unit Tactics and UW Skills / SERE / PG / HD / Language Block I; Phase III: Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) Specific Training / Language Block II; Phase IV: Language Block III; Phase V: Unconventional Warfare Culmination Exercise (ROBIN SAGE); Phase VI: Graduation (Award of the GREEN BERET and SF TAB). See Q-COURSE, SWS, SWC&S, SFTG, SOTC, SQI, Q-TAB, TRIPLE CANOPY.

SFTG :
beret flash of 1st Special Warfare School Training Group beret flash of Special Forces Training Group beret flash of Special Warfare Center and School
Special Warfare cadre & staff flashes
Special Forces Training Group, being the teaching CADRE and staff at the Special Warfare Center and Institute for Military Assistance, Fort Bragg, NC; see SFQC, SOTC, ROBIN SAGE, SWS, SWC&S.

SGM :
abbreviation for SerGeant Major, being a SUPER GRADE non-commissioned officer (NCO) rated (E-9) between Master Sergeant (MSG) or First Sergeant (1SG) and Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA), and represented by three chevrons above three ROCKERs with a centered star as sleeve rank insignia; this rank is rated equal to Command Sergeant Major (CSM). See SARGE, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, TOP DOG, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK. [nb: Vietnamese term: Thuong Si Nhat]

SGO :
Surgeon General's Office; the Surgeon General is the only FLAG OFFICER authorized to wear specialty branch insignia (ie: caduceus). The medical department of each military branch is headed by a Surgeon General (eg: Surgeon General of the Army), who is a physician promoted into medical administration, and like other military officers, is confirmed by Congress; which positions should not be confused with the physician appointed by the President to the Office of the Surgeon General (OSG) as the head of the Public Health Service, who need never have previously served in any military or government post. See BONE CUTTER, SAWBONES, BAND-AID, CHOP SHOP, HOSPITAL, FEST, AFIP, USAMRIID.

SGT :
abbreviation for SerGeanT (E-5) represented by three chevrons as sleeve rank insignia, the lowest sergeant rating, which is also known as BUCK Sergeant; see SARGE, ROCKER, RIGHT ARM, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SGT FURY :
(forthcoming); Sergeant Nick Fury was a fictional character featured in the war series produced by Marvel Comics, inaugurated May 1963

SGT ROCK :
(forthcoming); Sergeant Frank Rock was a fictional character featured in the war series produced by DC Comics, inaugurated January 1959

SHACK-JOB :
a regular girlfriend set-up in off-base housekeeping, as a common law wife, marriage of convenience, or marriage of declaration; such arrangements were often semi-communal and serial upon DEROS rotation. Compare CLASS-B DEPENDENT, HOOKUP, RING THE BELL; see MIHN OI, SLEEPING DICTIONARY, CAMPAIGN WIFE, DRAG, SHORT-TIME, CHURNING BUTTER, BUTTERFLY.

SHACKLE :
encrypt, a method of encoding sensitive information, such as unit locations, in order to be able to send the information over a clear (unsecured) channel by radio (eg: "Snoopy One-Six, Six Actual, go to RP Red Two and Shackle Lima Lima Kilo, over."). See KAK, SCRAMBLE, ENCRYPT, ALPHABET SOUP, RTO, RADIO. [nb: Kerckhoffs' Principle of Secure Cryptography states that a cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge; Schneier's Law states that "Any person can invent a security system so clever that s/he can't think of how to break it."]

SHADOW :
CALL-SIGN of AC-119G GUNSHIP with four 7.62mm MINIGUNs used for aerial fire support; see FLYING BOXCAR. Also used in the sense of operating in the real shadow cast by regular forces and behind physical terrain, so as to be unseen or undetected; see BUSHMASTER, UNDER THE RADAR, HIDE, SHROUD, compare OPEN WAR. Also, a specialist assigned to protect an executive or visiting dignitary by "sticking as close as his own shadow"; see PDS, PSD, BODYGUARD, SHELL GAME, USSS, POLICE. Also, the protected blind area shaded by some object, obstacle, or intervening phenomenon, such as a BLAST SHADOW or ACOUSTIC SHADOW. Also, "Shadowless" is a symbolic reference for death, as ghosts cast no shadow, so this term is both sinister and portentous, thus powerfully evocative. [v: sciamachy/skiamachia]

SHADOW HOUSE :
a Vietnamese dwelling or building that's known to be used by or occupied by VIET CONG soldiers, also called "House of Dark Shadows"; compare SHADOW WARRIOR, ALLAH'S WAITING ROOM.

SHADOW OF THE FLAGPOLE :
to be within the purview of command authority or subject to military regulations, especially when near senior headquarters (HQ); this phrase is almost always expressed as "in the shadow of the flagpole". In contradistinction to the inculcated conscience, most people accept the postulate of "out of sight, out of mind" as a license for bending or breaking the rules, hence the ANNEX or SLOP CHUTE is always located far from HQ, and MIL-PERS are admonished "Don't SHIT in your own MESS KIT!". See HEADSHED, LITTLE AMERICA, GARRISON, OVERSIGHT, OFF THE RESERVATION, CLASS-B DEPENDENT.

SHADOW WALKER :
a member of a reconnaissance or surveillance team, also known as a SCOUT, who are supposed to "sneak, creep, and peep" through SHADOWs; see LRSP, LRP, RECON, SCOUT DOG, SNEAKY PETES, HAWKS, PEEPERS.

SHADOW WARRIOR :
literary reference for military personnel working in the "gray" area between light (good) and dark (evil); as attributed to SNIPER, STROLLER, SF, SOF, PHOENIX, SEAL, CIA, and other covert operatives. Also used in the sense of operating in the real shadow cast by regular forces and behind physical terrain, so as to be unseen or undetected; see BUSHMASTER, UNDER THE RADAR. Also, a specialist assigned to protect an executive or visiting dignitary by "sticking as close as his own shadow"; see PDS, PSD, BODYGUARD, SHELL GAME, USSS, POLICE. Also, "Shadowless" is a symbolic reference for death, as ghosts cast no shadow, so this term is both sinister and portentous, thus powerfully evocative. [v: sciamachy/skiamachia]

SHAEF :
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force; see HQ, AEF, SAC, SCAP, SUPREMO.

SHAKE 'n' BAKE :
any rapidly promoted leader who's been through the prep schools (eg: LPC, INCOC, NCOCC, NCOA, OCS) but lacks actual field experience or a combat tour; also called "Ready Whip", "Insta-Stripe", and "Flash Promo". The lack of "time in grade" is the greatest problem when rapidly promoting immature MIL-PERS who show aptitude for development, since it normally takes three to five years for anyone to garner enough savvy to make reasonably good decisions. See LITTLE PRICK, BOY WONDER, SHAVETAIL, UP OR OUT, LDR.

SHAKEDOWN :
an excursion or outing, trip or run, so as to test or adjust the several mechanisms of a vehicle or vessel, ensuring its readiness for extended operations. Also, the initial tour or cruise or flight of an individual or crew so as to put training into practice, and gain operating experience. Also, a thorough inquiry or complete search, especially one intended to expose fraudulence or reveal CONTRABAND. Also, a makeshift bed, especially one improvised on the floor; see BILLET, BERTH, RACK, HAMMOCK, FART SACK, BIVY, SLOP, RUBBER LADY [v: bolster, futon, pallet, paillasse/palliasse, bedroll, sougan / soogan, tick, mat, pad, cushion]. Also, extortion, as of money or goods; see CUMSHAW, BEGGING BOWL, SOUVENIR, SCROUNGE, JUICE, SPOILS OF WAR, MIDNIGHT REQUISITION, CARPETBAGGERS, KHAKI MAFIA, SLICKY BOY [v: primage].

SHANGHAI :
(forthcoming); compare PRESS-GANG, COMMANDEER, DRAGOON, DRAFT, DRAFT LOTTERY, McNAMARA'S HUNDRED THOUSAND, MILITIA, DETAIL, DET, AD HOC.

SHANGRI-LA :
original designation for the presidential rural retreat, a rustic 125-acre portion of Catoctin Mountain Park in Frederick County Maryland, also known as "Naval Support Facility Thurmont"; so called by Franklin D. Roosevelt from his first visit on 22 April 1942. Catoctin Mountain Park was acquired in 1936 as a Recreational Demonstration Area for the New Deal's Works Progress Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps, which campgrounds were to be used by crippled children and the families of federal employees. Like the Congressional COUNTRY CLUB, this remote facility, designated "Area B" and situated 70 miles from the capital district, accommodated Phase Two of OSS training. Officially made a retreat in 1945, a compromise approved by Harry S. Truman in 1952 resolved Maryland's claim to the land by subdivision, allocating a segment to be maintained by the National Park Service and a segment renamed Cunningham Falls State Park; then in 1953, this secluded retreat was renamed "Camp David" by Dwight D. Eisenhower to honor his grandson. The presidential retreat offers an informal setting for rest and contemplation, relaxation and recreation, as well as casual entertainment and private meetings. Comparable facilities include the country residences of the prime ministers of Denmark ("Marienborg"), Sweden ("Harpsund"), Canada ("Harrington Lake"), and the United Kingdom ("Chequers").

SHANKER JACK :
Chiang Kai-Shek (Chiang Chung-Cheng), leader of the Kuomintang army and founder of the Republic of China (RoC) on the island of Formosa/Taiwan (LITTLE TIGER); see CHINAT, CHINK, MOUSY DUNG, VINEGAR JOE, FLYING TIGERS, POINTIE TALKIE, BLOOD CHIT. [v: blood chit]

SHAPED CHARGE :
a charge shaped so as to concentrate the effect of its explosive force in a particular direction; also represented as a "shape charge". See C-4, RDX, CHARGE, DEMO, EXPLOSIVE.

SHARK :
slang for COBRA or SEA COBRA.

SHARP END :
a phrase meaning to be directly involved in the action, where the danger is greatest, as "at the sharp end"; this expression does not allude to swordplay or edged weaponry, but to the leading edge of a WARSHIP charging into an engagement. See FIREFIGHT, CONTACT, SPOILING ATTACK, MEETING ENGAGEMENT, PITCHED BATTLE, CLOSE QUARTERS BATTLE, BATTLE, AMBUSH, STALKING HORSE, PYRRHIC VICTORY, FIGHT LIKE KILKENNY CATS, BITTER END, BOW, STEM, PROW, CUTWATER, ROSTRUM.

SHARPSHOOTER :
originally an expert rifleman, as those eligible to wear the distinctive green uniform of the 1st and 2nd Sharp Shooter Regiments, commanded by Colonel Hiram Berdan [perhaps imitative of the green-suited Hessian jaeger scouts from the American revolution], who used the precision 16# Sharps rifle [ety: Sharps + shooter]; but in modern usage, the term designates the intermediate class of riflemen (ranked above Marksman, below Expert). [nb: Vietnamese term: Thien Xa] See SNIPER, DEADEYE, BULL'S-EYE, POINT-BLANK, KISS THE MISTRESS, KNOCK THEIR SPOTS OFF, AIMPOINT, MAGGIE'S DRAWERS, BOLO BADGE, TRASH. Also, the 20mm VULCAN cannon installed in the internal weapons bay of the DELTA DART (F-106A), which is also spelled "Sharp Shooter".

SHAVETAIL :
any newly commissioned officer, especially a Second Lieutenant; derived from the practice of shaving the tail of unbroken mules for identification. [cf: roach, hog]

SHAWNEE :
Boeing CH-21 helicopter, nicknamed the "Flying Banana" or "Flying Wiener" by Americans, and called "angle worm" by the PAVN; see CHOPPER.

SHEBANG :
any primitive dwelling, such as a shack or shanty, but especially a lean-to shelter made of natural materials by outdoorsmen for sleeping and storage, as used during the American CIVIL WAR for rude or rustic accommodations; see BOHIO [v: bower], WANIGAN; compare BILLET, HOOCH, HUT, HIDE, PUP TENT, LONG HOUSE, BLDG. [v: bield, bower, arbor, rock-shelter, den, lair, cabin, cottage, cabana, lodge, earth lodge, hogan, shed, byre; cf: garret, cockloft, dovecote] Also, the structure of something, as of an organization, contrivance, or affair. [cf: "kit 'n' caboodle" at KIT]

SHEEP-DIPPED :
to be redesignated or reassigned so as to perform a sensitive or undercover duty; such as military ADVISORs assigned to a Country Team (CT) on individual passports and wearing civilian clothes. See LETTER OF MARQUE, compare MIL-PERS, CHOP, VULCANIZE, DUTY, BILLET, BERTH, POST, ON STATION, WATCH, HARDSHIP TOUR, BUMFUCK, MOS, OJT, TDY / TAD, PCS.

SHEER :
in NavSpeak, to swerve or deviate from a course, as a divergence. Also, in shipbuilding, the fore-and-aft upward curve of the HULL of a vessel at the main DECK or bulwarks. Also, in NavSpeak, the position in which a ship at anchor is placed to keep it clear of the anchor. Also, any very steep perpendicular or vertical extension; precipitous. Also, unmixed, unmitigated, unadulterated, unalloyed.

SHELL :
artillery projectile. Also, common reference for the expended cartridge case, which is also called BRASS or DROPPY; compare CARTRIDGE. [nb: RIFLEd guns are denoted "inch" (eg: 3" Field Gun called "three incher"), which is the diameter of the projectile, while SMOOTHBORE cannons are denoted "pound" (eg: 12# Mountain HOWITZER called "twelve pounder"), which is the weight of the projectile]

SHELLBACK :
any veteran sailor; a "sea dog", MOSSBACK, or OLD SALT. Also, a POLLYWOG who has "crossed the line" (equator) aboard ship, has undergone the arcane rites decreed by Neptune's representative, and has been duly inducted into the "Ancient Order of the Deep"; compare INITIATION. [nb: a "golden shellback" is someone who crossed the equator at the international date line; cf: "Order of the Golden Dragon"] [nb: according to legend, a sailor acquired a pierced EARRING when "crossing the line" (equator), which acquisition was alleged to improve his eyesight]

SHELL GAME :
the dispatch of multiple vehicles, especially helicopters, in different directions, when transporting classified material, covert operatives, or VIPs (as in "executive protection") so as to confuse precise identification. Vehicles may reassemble after a short distance to serve as escorts, and FALSE INSERTION may be practiced at the terminus. See BODYGUARD, PDS, PSD, USSS, POLICE; compare CLZ, FLIP-FLOP.

SHERIDAN :
M-551A1 light reconnaissance tank, with 152mm MAIN-GUN and SHILLELAGH guided missile launcher; replaced SCORPION. Sometimes nicknamed WIDOW MAKER due to flammability when hit. Compare SHERMAN, GENERAL LEE, STUART; see TANK, TRACK.

SHERIFF :
informal designation for the Chief Master-At-Arms, being responsible for discipline and accountability on-board ship as the senior petty officer (PO) supervising a parttime staff of deputy Masters-At-Arms (MAA) within each department; in keeping with the informal theme of "sheriff of the boat", his assistants are known as "deputy dog". See MASTER-AT-ARMS, SP, POLICE, CAPTAIN'S MAST, ROCKS 'n' SHOALS, BRIG.

SHERMAN :
M-4 series of heavily armored Main Battle Tanks (MBT), variously with 75mm, 76mm, and 90mm MAIN-GUNs; nicknamed "Ronson" (a brand name of cigarette lighter advertised as "Always lights the first time.") for its tendency to ignite when hit due to using gasoline fuel. It should be noted that some SHERMANs included thirty pounds of chemical flame retardant for whatever limited or palliative effect it might have. See WIDOW MAKER, TANK, TRACK.

SHIFT COLORS :
to direct that the ENSIGN be moved to its proper place, since a ship flys the COLORS from the masthead when underway, and hoists the STARS 'n' STRIPES from the STERN when at anchor or in PORT [nb: a small ENSIGN positioned at the bow of a boat or ship is called a "jack", hence "Union Jack" or "National Jack"]. Also, a phrase expressive of impending change, especially a change of status.

SHILLELAGH :
the MGM-51 missile system mounted on the main battle tank (MBT) and assault reconnaissance vehicle for employment against enemy armor, field fortifications, and amassed troops.

SHIP :
see BOAT, SS, USS, WARSHIP.

SHIPMATE :
serving together on the same vessel, as a companion in mutual CAMARADERIE; see COMRADE, MESSMATE, ASSHOLE BUDDY, BAND OF BROTHERS, BUDDY SYSTEM, TRADE ENVELOPES.

SHIP OVER :
NavSpeak for re-enlistment; compare RE-UP.

SHIP'S COMPLEMENT :
Navy and Marine personnel permanently assigned to a ship, as distinguished from those temporarily assigned for transport or a CRUISE; often misspelled "ship's compliment". See CADRE, PERMANENT PARTY, STAFF, TO&E, HOMESTEADER, CHAIRBORNE.

SHIPSHAPE :
everything in proper order, trim and tidy; also called SALTY. See SQUARED AWAY, SPIT 'n' POLISH, STRAC.

SHIT :
a catchall multipurpose term applied to anything, as "in the shit" was taking fire or being ambushed, as DEEP SHIT was a bad situation, as SHIT HIT THE FAN was a sudden crisis, as a "shit storm" was a total disaster, as "got your shit together" or "got your shit wired tight" was being well prepared, as "shit-hot" was eager, as HOT-SHIT was terrific, as SHOOT THE SHIT was talk, as "horseshit" or "bullshit" were lies, as CHICKEN SHIT was petty harassment, as "shitty" was wretched, as "take a shit" was a DUMP, as SHITLOAD was humongous, as "shit repellent" was VULCANIZE. See CHITTY CHITTY BANG BANG, BRAVO SIERRA, DUMP, TROTS, SQUIRTS, HONEY BUCKET, SLOP CHUTE, GUMP STUMP, CAT HOLE, SLIT TRENCH, LATRINE, TRA CA, AN CUT. [aka: doo-doo, poop, crap, puckey, turd, feces, scat, coprolite, night soil, dirt, waste, sewage, dung, dreck, guano, manure, muck, chip, dropping, dingleberry, ordure, defecation, excrement, dejecta, egesta, stercoraceous; cf: honey bucket, chamber pot, thunder mug, commode] [nb: "The sun shineth upon the dunghill, and is not corrupted." by John Lyly, Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit p43 (1578)] [nb: "'Political-correctness' is an illogical doctrine, fostered by a delusional minority, and rabidly promoted by an unscrupulous mass media, which holds forth the proposition that it is entirely possible to pick up a turd by the clean end."]

SHIT HAPPENS :
another slang phrase popularized during the VIETNAM WAR that was used both dismissively, in the same manner as "Sorry 'bout that!" (XIN LOI), and declaratively, in the same manner as "Life is unfair!", and has since been interpreted as a profound philosophical comment on existential angst by a bumper-sticker society with the attention span of a TV commercial! This insight was formerly expressed by the observation: such is life ("c'est la vie") or such is war ("c'est la guerre"); also represented as "stuff happens", and less prosaically as "dumm gelaufen" (literally 'unfortunate turn of events'). This phrase, and its euphemistic variants, has been widely featured, as in the films "Forrest Gump", "Predator 2", and "Scary Movie". In deciding a case in 1991 concerning a SHIT HAPPENS bumper-sticker, the Georgia Supreme Court determined that a state law prohibiting the display of lewd or profane expression was unconstitutional. Compare A-OK, CHECK IT OUT, GUSTO, FIDO, ROTS O' RUCK, AMF, ZIP, ZAP. [nb: various phrases have been used by 20th century combatants for protective disassociation from epiphenomena, including: "There it is.", "It don't mean nuthin'.", "Too damn bad.", "Tough shit.", "It ain't nuthin'.", and "It's just a thing."; the latter appears in "The Rescue" by Joseph Conrad (1920)]

SHIT HIT THE FAN :
a situation or an operation that is rapidly deteriorating or has suddenly become urgent, with the potential of becoming a "shit storm"; any circumstance or event that's inadvertently or intentionally complicated or compounded by stupidity, arrogance, incompetence, or inefficiency, with potentially disasterous results. This is more politely known as the "defecation hit the oscillation". It is a truism of such rotational dispersion that whatever good or bad hits the fan will NOT be evenly distributed! See FLAP, TAR BABY, SEAT OF THE PANTS, SHIT MAGNET, SOL, BOHICA, SCREW THE POOCH, CLUSTER FUCK, FUCKED-UP, DEEP SHIT, BITTER END, BELL THE CAT.

SHIT LIST :
properly known as a DUTY ROSTER or WATCH BILL, and politely called a "Fecal Roster", this is the assignment sheet for extra duty; see ADY, GIG, TURD, ATTITUDE ADJUSTMENT, FASHION SHOW, DROP, FRONT LEANING REST, BOX THE COMPASS, AIRMAN ALIGNMENT TOOL, BLANKET PARTY, SQUEEZE, SHIT MAGNET, DUD, FUCK-UP, BOHICA, PYHOOYA. [v: blacklist, blackball; cf: white list]

SHITLOAD :
any extreme value or great sum (eg: effort, work), or an unspeakably large amount (eg: poker winnings, defense budget, etc); synonymous with alot, much, too much, many, too many, excessive, large, too large, huge, massive, immense, gigantic, tremendous, stupendous, monstrous, colossal, enormous, humongous, gargantuan, extreme, prodigious, extravagant, expensive, costly. See PAYLOAD, SHIT.

SHIT MAGNET :
any attractant, such as a deed or circumstance, that results in painful or disastrous consequences; a lure that causes the enemy to concentrate its response on a specific trigger, including conspicuous appearance, inappropriate noise, alien odor, abnormal sequence, incomplete preparation, ineffective execution, and the like, especially an inept or incompetent person creating or causing such attractants. See DUD, SOS, MAGGOT, YARDBIRD, FIELD REJECT, TURD, DOPE, PUKE, POGUE, FUCK-UP, PYHOOYA.

SHOCK 'n' AWE :
slang expression for the amazing display of indirect and automatic firepower that the modern military can effectively bring to bear upon a target, especially awesome when viewed at night; also called "Fourth of July show" or "sound and light show"; see FIREWORKS, WATERWORKS.

SHOCK TROOPS :
the leading element of high-mobility light-infantry assailants; see SPEARHEAD, RANGER, SUICIDE SQUAD, DOOR KICKING, ADVANCE FORCE, ADVANCE GUARD, DOUBLE TAP, SNIPER'S TRIANGLE, MARCHING FIRE, RUNNING FIRE, OVERKILL, SNOWBALL, CANNON FODDER, BELL THE CAT, BITTER END. [v: enfants perdus, forlorn hope; cf: picket, vedette] [nb: "Whenever there is fighting to be done, the keenest spirits should be appointed to serve in the front ranks, both in order to strengthen the resolution of our own men and to demoralize the enemy." by Chang Yu]

SHODDY :
during the American CIVIL WAR, slang for the military uniform issued to federal troops, as derived from the fabric used; see SLOP, DRESS [v: "slop work"; cf: "mungo"]. Also, any low-grade fabric, composed of reclaimed wool and other reprocessed fibers, used for cheap ready-made clothing; and consequently, by extension, any inferior product or merchandise.

SHOOTING HOUSE :
see KILL HOUSE, TIRE CITY, DOUBLE TAP, DOOR KICKING, BREACHER, AT CLOSE QUARTERS, ANTI-TERRORISM, COUNTER-TERRORISM.

SHOOTING STAR :
the Lockheed P-80/F-80 fighter aircraft; compare SEASTAR, see BIRD.

SHOOTING WAR :
a real fight, a genuine BATTLE, an actual WAR; see HOT, DODGE THE BULLET, BLITZKRIEG, REVOLUTION, FULL-COURT PRESS; compare COLD WAR, LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT, FLOWER WAR.

SHOOT 'n' SCOOT :
rhyming slang for a RAID or INCURSION; also known as "smash 'n' dash".

SHOOT THE SHIT :
chat, chitchat, talk, prattle, palaver, converse, gossip, banter, persiflage, falderal, poppycock, tommyrot, tomfoolery, claptrap, bafflegab, gobbledygook, balderdash, bunk, bunkum (buncombe), malarkey (malarky), bosh, twaddle, double-talk, drivel, obfuscation, flummery; alternatively "chew the fat", "chew the rag", or "rap" (probably from beat or drub, but may be from rapport). See TALK TRASH, BAD-MOUTH, GAS BAG, HOT AIR, BLOW SMOKE, VERBAL DIARRHEA, MOTOR MOUTH, WOOF, CONFETTI, SCUTTLEBUTT, TELL IT TO THE MARINES, BRAVO SIERRA, GODDAM, SEA STORY, WAR STORY, COUNT COUP, ATFU; compare CHICKEN SHIT, RUMOR, MIL-SPEAK. [nb: 'hooey', allegedly an Americanism used as an interjection for nonsense or tripe, is actually a corruption of the Russian vulgarity ("khuy") for penis, and is commonly used alone (eg: dick, dickhead, dick-wad) or in phrases (eg: dumber than dick; he doesn't know dick; don't dick around; don't stir your tea with your dick)] [cf: migration of "putz" from shine through ornament to penis and dolt; as sexual lure] [v: lucky stiff]

SHOOT YOURSELF IN THE FOOT :
to deliberately handicap yourself, so as to either opt-out or to cop-out of an intolerable situation; this figurative phrase was probably derived from the literal act, which entailed the same results. This act is often considered the "lesser of evils" since the objections are not confronted and the person in jeopardy retains his integrity; but it is a FACE-saving compromise for a moral or physical coward. This act has been characterized as: "You shot yourself in the foot because they were going to shoot you anyway!". It is a form of damage control for people who want to survive, and hope to retain some form of viability or credibility or capability. See SIW, DODGE THE BULLET, RUN IT UP THE FLAGPOLE, SHOW THE FLAG, VIETNAM SYNDROME, CYA, MFR, PYHOOYA, KICKSTANDED, DRAFT DODGER, WHITE FEATHER, FRENCH FLU, LILY-LIVERED, KHAKI MAFIA, TICKET-PUNCHER, MILICRAT.

SHORE :
the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or river, including a beach, tideland, or shoal; especially a 'seashore', being that ground between the ordinary high-water and low-water marks; see BEACHHEAD, WATERFRONT, BREAKWATER, MOLE, WHARF. Also, land, as opposed to water; especially some particular country or homeland. Also, a supporting post or beam, a prop or strut, especially one braced against the side of a building or a ship in drydock; see CHOCK, BLOCK.

SHORE PARTY :
a work DETAIL or FATIGUE duty, especially one performed on a BEACHHEAD under the direction of the BEACHMASTER, as off-loading combat support supplies or on-loading casualties for evacuation; compare GI PARTY.

SHORE PATROL :
a rotating duty assignment for sailors in PORT, wearing white webbing and LEGGINGs, "SP" emblazoned helmet and BRASSARD while armed with a night stick, since Marines normally provide all other police functions for the Navy; see MASTER-AT-ARMS, POLICE.

SHORT :
little time remaining on current assignment or tour; soon to be transferred or discharged; see SHORT-TIMER, SHORT-TIMER PIN. Also, "quickie" sex with a prostitute; see SHORT-TIME.

SHORT ARM :
euphemism for penis or PRICK / CU, most often used in the context of "SHORT ARM inspection", as when inspected for venereal disease. Formerly, an entire unit underwent the SHORT ARM inspection, during which each individual was required to expose his penis to a medical corpsman, and briefly "milk" it for any discharge or emission. This practice was discontinued during the VIETNAM WAR, but VD exams retained the name. Contracting VD was punishable by an Article 15, and chronic infection was grounds for dismissal from the military. See CLAP, STD, PRO KIT, THE PILL, ANTIBIOTIC, JOYSTICK, STICK, SPAR, YARDARM, HOT DOG, HOSE, BAYONET, BIRD, DIPPER, POGY BAIT, POGUE; compare LITTLE PRICK, ONIONS. [nb: 'hooey', allegedly an Americanism used as an interjection for nonsense or tripe, is actually a corruption of the Russian vulgarity ("khuy") for penis, and is commonly used alone (eg: dick, dickhead, dick-wad) or in phrases (eg: dumber than dick; he doesn't know dick; don't dick around; don't stir your tea with your dick)] [cf: migration of "putz" from shine through ornament to penis and dolt; as sexual lure] [v: lucky stiff]

SHORT COUNT :
number sequence of 1-2-3-4-5-4-3-2-1 steadily broadcast to confirm frequency or tune reception; see ZERO BEAT, LONG COUNT.

SHORT ORBIT :
aircraft circling to land; small, close orbit by aircraft overhead. See ORBIT; compare STACK.

SHORT-SHEET :
a bed made with only one sheet folded back on itself so it appears to be complete; a prank to torment, harass, or beset an uncooperative SQUAD member or unpopular CADET. See BLANKET PARTY. [nb: if debris (eg: dirt, crumbs) or substances (eg: jelly, soap, wax, shaving cream) are insinuated between the sheets of a re-made RACK, it is called an "apple pie bed"]

SHORT-SHOT :
one or more rounds of ammunition, bombs, or other ordnance landing away from the intended target, by misunderstanding or miscalculation, frequently falling with inadvertent impact upon Allied forces or noncombatant civilians, resulting in unintentional death or injury. Also known as "short-round". See FRIENDLY FIRE, FRATRICIDE, DUD.

SHORT SNORTER :
originating in WWII among ferry and transport aircrew, wherein a dollar bill [nb: it's illegal to deface, disfigure, or deform U.S. currency] was signed and dated by the entire crew attesting to any completed passage, whence this summary affidavit would be produced (ie: COINING) at the bar to determine who pays for the round of drinks. Determination was made on the basis of date of flight, number of flights (additional bills), type of aircraft, the denomination of the bill, or the absence of same. If the trip included passengers, especially notable ones, then they too would sign the dollar bill, and comparisons would be made over the relative status of the signatories. If the flight had intermediate landings in foreign countries, then a bill of currency from that nation would be attached to the base dollar bill ... in some cases, making a chain of notes also signed by ground personnel. As the war expanded, the more unusual routes would best the plethora of ordinary transports. Eventually everyone on the flight wanted such a SOUVENIR, and the accounting became onerous. And, as with any valuable commodity, they were naturally counterfeited. See CHALLENGE COIN, PISSING CONTEST, HARD TIMES TOKEN.

SHORT-TIME :
a one-night stand or "quickie" sex with a prostitute, same as BOOM-BOOM; as contrasted with "long-time" for an all-night / overnight session or a semi-regular SHACK-JOB. See CHURNING BUTTER, FUCK, DIDDLY, TRICK, BUTTERFLY, CHOCOLATE BUNNY, DU, STEAM 'n' CREAM, HOOKUP, HELL ON WHEELS, ACT OF CONGRESS. [nb: many young women during WWII, enthralled by the wartime drama and excitement, became "uniform groupies" who were sufficiently "khaki wacky" to express their ardor by casual favor or intimacy bestowed upon almost any serviceman for simple companionship; such patriotic chippies or amateur trollops were known as "V-girls" (probably by analogy to B-girl), with the dual implication of "victory" and "venereal"] [nb: the American GI's standard reference for a "woman of easy virtue" during WWII was Mary Quicklay, during Vietnam was Susie Rottencrotch or Mary Meatgrinder, while any Asian was either Madam Butterfly or Suzie Wong] [cf: vivandière] [nb: the "comfort girls" who were employed as contract prostitutes to serve the sexual needs (TRICKs) of Imperial Japanese troops in the field, usually at a COMFORT STATION or SIN CITY, were called "shock absorbers" by the Allied POWs who happened to observe their (mis-)treatment]

SHORT-TIMER :
any individual with little time remaining IN COUNTRY (or the assigned area or unit on HARDSHIP TOURs); also called "double-digit / single-digit midget" or "next", and typically abridged to "short". An expression which indicated you were close to your FINI FLIGHT and the FREEDOM BIRD. In your last couple of weeks, you were so "short" you were practically invisible. See WAKE-UP, FIGMO, TURTLE, PFC.

SHORT-TIMER PIN :
an oversized (ranging from about 3" - 6") brass safety-pin, attached to uniform, gear, or hung from belt, to signify the wearer's status as "short" ... reduced to counting down the remaining days with only two digits. These pins were initially used on baby diapers, but became fashionable with women's wrap skirts, hence the dual association with a TROPHY for past or future sexual conquest. This safety-pin should not be confused with the large (about 2") black safety-pins, included with triangular bandages (often used as sweatbands or head scarfs), which were worn on BOONIE HATS so they could be quickly and easily pinned onto a shirt tail or pants leg during HELIBORNE operations. [nb: safety-pin invented 1849] [nb: the kilt pin dates from the 19th century desire of Queen Victoria's military advisors to imbue Her Majesty's soldiery with modesty, since men traditionally wore no underwear beneath their kilts; the kilt pin was intended to control the fly of the skirt during all conditions, preventing inadvertent exposure]

SHORTY-16 :
slang for the M-4 Scout; see CAR, ACTIV, BLACK MAGIC, WIDOW MAKER, TUPPERWARE; compare SMG, RIFLE.

SHOT :
a projectile for discharge from a firearm or cannon; see CARTRIDGE, BULLET, AMMO. Also, a small ball or pellet of metal or other material, a number of which are loaded in a CARTRIDGE and used for one charge of a recoilless rifle (RR), HOWITZER, SHOTGUN, or other firearm; see BUCK, CANISTER, CASE SHOT. Also, the range or distance that a missile or projectile will travel. Also, commo confirmation of an executed FIRE MISSION, often includes TOT impact time, also called SHOT OUT; see FDC, SPLASH. Also, a unit of measure for anchor chain equal to 15 FATHOMs (90 feet, 27m); see CABLE, NAUTICAL MILE, KNOT, KLICK. Also, an obsolete unit of measure equal to a league (3 NAUTICAL MILEs or 4.8km); as derived from 1.5 Roman miles, which seems to be the origin of the conventional claim for a three-mile limit of territorial waters extending offshore. Also, any attempt, try, effort, or turn, as an aimed stroke. [nb: 12 inches = 1 foot, 3 feet = 1 yard, 6 feet / 2 yards = 1 fathom, 16.5 feet = 1 rod (aka: pole or perch), 66 feet / 4 rods = 1 chain (90 feet / 15 fathoms = 1 anchor chain), 10 chains / 660 feet (1/8 statute mile) = 1 furlong, 120 fathoms / 720 feet = 1 land cable, 101 fathoms / 606 feet (1/10 nautical mile) = 1 cable, 3 statute miles = 1 land league, 3 nautical miles = 1 sea league / shot] [nb: a "geographic mile" is the length of a minute of longitude on the equator]

SHOTGUN :
Automatic Assault 12 gauge shotgun
AA12 shotgun
the armed guard on or in a vehicle who watches for enemy activity and returns fire if attacked, also called "shotgunner"; compare SLACK, DRAG. Also a machinegun (MG) firing door gunner on a helicopter. Also, any commercial pump or automatic shotgun,often 10-12ga, also called "trench gun" and "street sweeper", as used since WWI by the POINT, despite its prohibition by the Geneva Convention; see BLOOPER, THUMPER, OVER 'n' UNDER; compare BIG SHOTGUN, RR, LAW, CLAYMORE. [nb: the "fire lance" flamethrower of AD 905 China utilized propulsion to launch small objects and pellets, like a shotgun, becoming a prototype firearm; with a three-barreled version for repeat firing developed later] [nb: The new Automatic Assault Tactical Shotgun (AA12 c2006) is a gas operated and air-cooled weapon ruggedly constructed of corrosion resistant stainless steel and high-impact plastics; it fires fully automatic, burst, or single-shot (without selector switch) from the open bolt at a rate of 6 rounds a second or 360 rounds per minute using box (8) or drum (20/32) magazines, even when wet. This 12 gauge cylinder bore shotgun has a barrel length of 19" that incorporates a positive feed and a counter recoil mechanism, and weighs approximately 11lbs loaded with 8-round magazine or 13lbs loaded with 20-round drum. This weapon normally operates without lubricants, requires no tools for field maintenance, and may be cleaned with soap and water. Location of safety and magazine release is conventional; and no cocking levers or bolt handles protrude from the body.]

SHOT IN :
the bracketing of indirect fire support, such as mortar, artillery, or naval gunfire, on a target, that's often adjusted from farther (long) to nearer (short) in order to avoid FRIENDLY FIRE casualties; see FO, ANGLICO, SALVO, ARTY; compare SHOT OUT, MARCHING FIRE, LIFT, SPLASH, KILL BOX, SCRAM, PLAY BALL. Also, the target so bracketed.

SHOT OUT :
mortar and artillery commo confirmation of executed FIRE MISSION; often includes TOT impact time. See FDC, KILL BOX, SPLASH.

SHOULDER BOARD :
rectangular strips of stiffened cloth that display insignia on the shoulders of a uniform; they're worn instead of EPAULETs. See DRESS.

SHOULDER KNOT :
officer's shoulder knot for dress uniform
shoulder knot
an ornamental knot of ribin or lace worn on the shoulder of a uniform; an EPAULET that's also spelled "shoulder-knot". See DRESS.

SHOULDER LOOP :
a flap or strap on the shoulder of a uniform where insignia is displayed, properly called an EPAULET. See DRESS.

SHOULDER STRAP :
a strip, displayed as a pair, worn on the shoulder of an officer's uniform to display insignia of rank on a field of the branch color, and bordered in gold; it's never worn with EPAULETs. See DRESS.

SHOUT-OUT :
slang for the public acknowledgement of a person or group, especially a respectful citation or attribution in some artistic manner (ie: composition, lyrics, illustration or graffiti), as derived from BLACK argot (eg: "Gotta send a shout-out to my bro back in the world.") in the GULF WAR era; also spelled "shout out", and not to be confused with an "outcry" or being "out shouted".

SHOVE-OFF :
NavSpeak for "launch" (as in "launch the boat") or "execute" (as in CARRY-ON), sometimes expressed as CASTOFF. Also, slang for leave or depart, go away or get away, push off or get out.

SHOWBOAT :
anyone or anything that stands-out; anything done more for attention than for practicality or function, as a show-off or razzle-dazzle. Formerly a flamboyantly theatrical steamboat.

SHOWER SHOE :
slang for inexpensive rubber FLIP-FLOPs, or any backless thong sandal, based upon the Japanese zori, huarache, or geta design; FOOTWEAR typically worn in shower rooms to prevent the spread of disease; compare HO CHI MINH SANDALS [aka: jandal]. Also, slang for a novice or tyro newly assigned from training to a forward or deployed unit, being the modern equivalent of Fuckin' New Guy (FNG); see CHERRY, NEWBEE, CHUM, FRESH CATCH, NUGGET, DRYBACK.

SHOW THE FLAG :
a demonstration of force or presence; see FLOWER WAR, RUN IT UP THE FLAGPOLE, BREAK A FLAG, ALL AMERICAN DECOY, VIETNAM SYNDROME, FALSE FLAG, BLACK FLAG, RED FLAG, WHITE FLAG, YELLOW RIBBON, COLORS, STARS 'n' STRIPES. [v: Flag Terms] Also, slang for "making an appearance", as when a duty officer tours through his assigned post or a general officer inspects the troops and their equipment, which noblesse oblige visitations are so infrequent that they generate much more fanfare than such routine duties warrant, and are consequently mocked; see PARADE, TROOP THE LINE, SHOWBOAT, FACE TIME.

SHRAPNEL :
fragments scattered by a bursting SHELL, MINE, or BOMB; eponymously derived from Henry Shrapnel, an English Army officer and the 19th century inventor of a hollow projectile that contained bullets and a bursting charge, which was designed to explode in the air and shower the target with missiles. See FRAG, GRENADE, GAMMON GRENADE, FLAK, CASE SHOT, CANISTER, FLECHETTE, BEEHIVE, NAILS, DIRTY RAIN, ALUMINUM RAIN.

SHRIKE :
designation for the AGM-45 Air-to-Ground MISSILE.

SHROUD :
in sailing parlance, any of a number of fixed ropes or wires that converge from the head of a ship's mast and keep it from swaying; compare RATLINE; see LINE, ROPE, CORD, GUY, CABLE, HAWSER. Also, any of a number of suspension lines or cords of a parachute that attach the load to the canopy; also known as "shroud lines"; see PARA-CORD, PARACHUTE. Also, something covered, concealed, or protected, as in secret, covert, or clandestine operations that are veiled in obscurity or mystery; see UNDER THE RADAR, SHADOW, CONCEALMENT, DECEPTION; compare OPEN WAR. Also, to enshroud, as to conceal or shelter; see GILLIE SUIT, HIDE, DUGOUT, BOLT HOLE. Also, a winding sheet, covering cloth, or other wrapping in which a corpse is swathed or encased for burial; see BODY BAG, BODY COUNT, BUTCHER'S BILL, ZULU, KILL CREDIT.

SICK CALL :
the military formation for medical treatment, or the time to hold this medical treatment formation; such MIL-PERS report to their unit medical clinic or DISPENSARY for evaluation, disposition, or care. See AID STATION, MASH, EVAC, FST, CSH, FIELD HOSP, MEDEVAC, CHOP SHOP, BAND-AID, ASA, APC, COMFORT STATION.

SIDEARM :
any weapon carried at the person's side (eg: in a scabbard or "hip holster") or on a waist belt; also spelled "side-arm". See SMALL ARMS, TUPPERWARE, PISTOL BELT, CLUTCH BELT, "Sam Browne Belt" at GREEN TAB. [v: Firearms Glossary]

SIDE-SCAN SONAR :
a SONAR system that efficiently creates an image of a large area of the sea floor, as in nautical charting and marine surveys or in the detection of underwater objects and identification of bathymetric features; also known as "side-looking sonar" (probably on the model of side-looking radar/SLAR). In addition to its military applications (eg: mine detection), SIDE-SCAN SONAR is also used for fisheries research, seabed cable and pipeline inspections, dredging operations, and environmental studies. SIDE-SCAN SONAR uses a sonar device that emits fan-shaped pulses down toward the seafloor across a wide angle perpendicular to the path of the sensor through the water, which may be towed from a surface vessel or submarine, or mounted on the ship's hull. The intensity of the acoustic reflections from the seafloor of this fan-shaped beam is recorded in a series of cross-track slices, which when stitched together along the direction of motion, become an image of the sea bottom within the coverage width of the beam. Simple side scan methods are increasingly being replaced by more effective multibeam sonar units which can simultaneously measure the depth as well as the intensity at a number of locations on each cross-track swath or slice, generating a three-dimensional bathymetric image detailed onto a plotter. Classified development of SIDE-SCAN SONAR began after WWII at the US Navy Mine Defense Laboratory, Panama City Florida; and were manufactured in the 1950s by Westinghouse. Experimental SIDE-SCAN SONAR systems were made during the 1950s in laboratories, including the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the Hudson Laboratories, and MIT, but the first commercial side scan system was the Kelvin-Hughes "Transit Sonar", a converted echo-sounder with a single-channel, pole-mounted transducer introduced around 1960. From 1963 to 1966, a team at Edgerton, Germeshausen & Grier developed the first successful towed dual-channel SIDE-SCAN SONAR system for commercial use.

SIDESHOW :
a dismissive reference to the implications and extensions of the VIETNAM WAR throughout INDOCHINA, as from the principal meaning of "any subordinate event or minor exhibit"; see DECENT INTERVAL, DOMINO THEORY, INCURSION, COSVN, TRI-BORDER, ANGKOR WAT, BODE, KHMER SEREI, KKK, FARK, YEAR ZERO, BABY BRIGADE, PEO, MILLPOND, WHITE STAR, HMONG, RLA.

SIDESLIP :
to slide an aircraft or airfoil sideways on a turn with a concomitant loss of altitude toward the inside of the curve, being the result of excess speed and improper angle of approach, which may be the result of an inadvertent loss of control or may be a deliberate combat maneuver; also called a "slip", and similar to a sliding or skid turn by a ground vehicle. See AEROBATICS.

SIDEWINDER :
designation for the AIM-9M infrared (IR) heat-seeking Air-to-Air MISSILE. [cf: "Atoll" infrared heat-seeking Air-to-Air Missile (AAM) from the Soviet Union / USSR]

SIEGE :
to assail or attack a fortification by surrounding it until the defenders are compelled to surrender; any prolonged effort (besiege) to overcome resistance.

SIEGE MENTALITY :
a state of mind in which one feels unappreciated, misunderstood, maligned, oppressed, attacked, or isolated; an "us" against "them" attitude, or an "insider" / "outsider" dichotomy, stemming from perceived maltreatment or discrimination. See CONFLICT, STRUGGLE, ILLEGITIMIS NIL CARBORUNDUM, GROUNDHOG DAY. [nb: "Even a paranoid can have enemies." by Henry A. Kissinger (24 Jan 1977)]

SIERRA :
the word assigned to represent the letter "S" in the international phonetic alphabet; at various times in different spelling schemes, it has also been acrophonetically represented as Sail and Sugar. See ALPHABET SOUP, PHONETIC ALPHABET. [v: Alphabet Codes & Signal Flags]

SIERRA HOTEL :
the phonetic representation of "shit-hot" or "super-hot", being enthusiastic or proficient, aggressive or awesome; not to be confused with HOT-SHIT, which means wonderful, terrific, outstanding, or sensational, as well as the latest information. See HARD CHARGER, FAST MOVER, BOOMER, BALLS TO THE WALL, HOT SHOT, SHIT.

SIGG :
acronym for Social Incest in the Golden Ghetto, as used by senior diplomats and defense officials to characterize the round of parties, celebrations, and other ritualistic functions at which attendance is mandatory; see USAID, USDAO, CT, DINING-IN, BLAST, FEATHERS, WITH BELLS ON. [aka: occasion, gathering, get-together, celebration, festivity, gala, shindig, reception, banquet, soirée, festal, mixer, fete, fête champêtre, garden party, open house, house party, housewarming, splore, potlatch, frolic, gaiety, frisk, gambol, revel, funfest, wingding, corroboree, bash, blast, blowout, orgy]

SIGHT PICTURE :
adjusted for elevation and windage, the proper firing alignment of the shooter's eye from a SPOT WELD through the rear sight aperture, over the front sight blade, and centered on the TARGET; see PEEP SIGHT, BORESIGHT, DEFLECTION, BULL'S-EYE, ZERO, POINT-BLANK, BASS, KD RANGE, DRY FIRE, TRAIN. [v: Firearms Glossary] Also, the TARGET image properly centered in the guidance system's or aiming system's optical or electronic display as when directing SMART BOMBs or MISSILEs from a HIDE, an aerial or ground platform, or a remote control station; see HUD, WSO, TOW, LOSAT, PREDATOR, DRONE, AWACS.

SIGINT :
SIGnal INTelligence, information developed from eavesdropping or other intercepts; also known as "COMMunications INTelligence" (COMMINT). See RDF, COMSEC, COMMO, SOTA.

SIGMA :
a special project that operated during the VIETNAM WAR as Detachment B-56, organized under the auspices of Special Operations Augmentation, 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne); the Greek letter designation 'sigma' represents the eighteenth in a series, and signifies the presence of all necessary components. See THE GREEKS, STD, SOG, SPECIAL FORCES, SPECIAL OPERATIONS.

SIGN :
a challenge using a secret CODEWORD that's acknowledged by the appropriate PASSWORD reply, usually called "sign/counter-sign" exchange; see COUNTERSIGN. [v: shibboleth (Judges 12:4-6)]

SIGNALMAN :
see RTO, WIGWAG / WIGWAGGER, HAND SIGN. [nb: the field occupations most often targeted in combat, because their loss so immediately influences unit effectiveness and morale, are the leader, signalman, machinegunner, and medic]

SIGNAL PANEL :
a double-sided rectangular fabric, showing either reflective or flourescent side, used to signal aircraft or to spell message codes; also called "recognition panel" or "rescue panel". A white "ground panel" was used to signal aircraft in WWI, but it proved to be too visible, marking AIMPOINTs that Forward Observers targeted. Compare IDENTIFICATION PANEL.

SIGNATURE :
any distinctive signifier or identifier, such as a sound or image, act or effect, having a unique or distinguishing aspect, feature, or mark; see IR, SMG, KALASHNIKOV, HAND, CALL-SIGN, GROUND OBSERVER CORPS, BATTLE CRY, TOAST, CREST, BADGE, PATCH, INSIGNIA. [v: seal, sign, signet, sigil] [nb: some affectations of style are deliberately adopted as indications of individuality, affiliation, or achievement; such stylistic marks include: swagger stick, tanker boots, medico tarnished (contaminated!) brass, aviator 50-mission crushed hat, cavalry aircrew spurs and Stetson, custom-made items or privately purchased accessories, and even extends to a cultivated informality or intentionally relaxed military bearing]

THE SILENCE :
the deliberate shunning or ostracism of someone believed to have transgressed or violated the standards of the group or corps; to boycott, reject, or eschew voluntary association with someone deemed dishonorable, unprofessional, or otherwise militarily marginal. This circumstance is only imposed when formal or official proceedings are unavailable (as when there's a lack of evidence or a refusal to testify), and is typically reserved for officers (since NCOs normally resort to more practical extralegal remedies). Given the ubiquitous military rules and the dominant hierarchy of rank, this circumstance is not only rare but extremely difficult to exercise ... while superiors and peers can always "work around" THE SILENCEd individual, all subordinates must comply with orders. This condition is also known as being "sent to Coventry". See HONOR CODE, CREED, ABOVE BOARD, BEARING, TACT, RESPECT, SILENT INSOLENCE. [v: misfeasance, misprision]

SILENCER :
a noise reduction device, containing baffles and wadding (eg: foam rubber, polystyrene, steel wool, fiberglass, glass wool, mineral wool, rock wool, etc), attached to a gun MUZZLE to deaden the report of the firearm's discharge; it is properly called a "sound suppressor", but the word SILENCER avoids any confusion with FLASH SUPPRESSOR when only the single word SUPPRESSOR is used. Sometimes called "sound arrester", "noise reducer", or "report suppressor", but not "muffler". A SILENCER reduces the recoil of a firearm by about 30% by acting as a muzzle brake that traps and diverts propellent gases. Because a SILENCER adversely affects velocity and accuracy, subsonic and infrasonic (including caseless) AMMO has been developed for specialized applications. SILENCERs are prohibited by the Geneva Accords. [nb: a revolver, which is more mechanically reliable than an autoloader, must suppress the cylinder as well as the MUZZLE, inhibiting reloading, so automatics are preferred mounts]

SILENT BATTLE :
see ACOUSTIC SHADOW.

SILENT INSOLENCE :
the expression of disrespect or contempt for authority by posture, expression, or deportment; formerly a court martial offense, but now only indicative and contributive. See UCMJ, BEARING, RESPECT, SMACK, BUTT, MOTOR MOUTH, TALK TRASH, CONFETTI, SNOW, BLOW SMOKE, SHOOT THE SHIT, FIGHTING WORDS. [v: misprision; cf: impertinent, impudent, "custody of the eyes"] [nb: before international homogenization by cultural admixture in global communications, when racial and ethnic characteristics were still discrete, the French expressed contempt by shitting on something or someone, the British by pissing on it, and the Americans by spitting, which was a factor considered when determining the extent of legitimate response or reprisal to alleged provocation]

SILENT MAJORITY :
a phrase made notorious in a 3 Nov 1969 TV address about the VIETNAM WAR by Richard M. Nixon: "And so tonight, to you, the great silent majority of my fellow Americans -- I ask for your support." Nixon had previously used the phrase, along with such variants as "silent center" and "quiet majority"; but the phrase seems to have been coined by John F. Kennedy, in "Profiles in Courage" (1956), when referring to Congressmen who "may have been representing the actual sentiments of the silent majority of their constituents in opposition to the screams of a vocal minority." Using a similar metaphor, Franklin D. Roosevelt said, in a 7 April 1932 radio speech, that "the nation must regain faith in the forgotten man at the bottom of the economic pyramid." The symbol of the "forgotten man" was coined in 1885 by William Graham Sumner in a speech at Yale University: "The forgotten man works and votes -- generally he prays -- but his chief business in life is to pay .... Who and where is the forgotten man in this case, who will have to pay for it all?" Before the modern era, the great or silent majority referred to that body of persons who had already passed-on, and outnumbered the living: "Death joins us to the great majority" ["The Revenge" by Edward Young (1721)]. See DINOSAUR, MOSSBACK, OLD BREED, OLD SALT; compare BEST AND BRIGHTEST, WISE MEN, HIPPIE, PROTESTOR, APOCALYPSE.

SILENT SERVICE :
(forthcoming); "run silent, run deep"; see SUBMARINE [nb: 'silent' means quiet, not "secret"; all combat operations are classified, not just undersea missions]

SILO :
an underground installation, typically a cylindrical structure, designed to house a MISSILE; term derives from "subterranean storage", but also refers to the launch platforms (eg: SLBM) concealed below DECK on-board ships.

SILVER BAYONET :
operational CODENAME for the mid-November 1965 set-piece battle in the Ia Drang valley, which the NVA Regulars instituted to ascertain US airmobility tactics, and to evaluate heliborne vulnerabilities; which proved to be an expensive lesson, but informative enough to alter PAVN strategy. This firefight, involving NVA regulars with ChiCom ADVISORs against elements of the 1st Cav Div (Airmobile), was subsequent to an attack on the A-Camp at Plei Me, which was originally intended to bisect SVN.

SILVER EAGLES :
designation for the US Army Aviation Precision Demonstration Team, organized in May 1972 for public display of typical helicopter skillcraft, performed nationwide at air shows, patriotic events, and other fairs. A precision flight demonstration, averaging thirty-five minutes, of the capability and versatility of rotary winged aircraft normally involved seven OH-6A Cayuse (aka: LOH) helicopters (ie: Lead, Left Wing, Right Wing, Slot, Lead Solo, Opposing Solo, and Bozo the Clown) that kept at least one WHIRLY BIRD performing between set piece formations and maneuvers. The team consisted of 25 crew and 12 aviators; and was disbanded in November 1976. See BARNSTORMER, AEROBATICS.

SILVER STAR / SS :
Silver Star medal
SS
the nation's third highest award for valor; it was originally a small "silver star" added to the WWI campaign medal, in the same manner as battle stars, but was converted into a pendant medal in 1932. The design of the Valorous Unit Award (VUA) symbolizes this medal because it is equivalent to everyone in the unit earning a Silver Star. This award ranks between the Bronze Star (BSM) and the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)[or Navy Cross (NC) or Air Force Cross (AFC)]. See DEVICE, V-DEVICE, IMPACT AWARD, GONG.

SILVER TRIANGLE :
the major illegal drug production area in South America, a region consisting of Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia. See STICK, CAN SA, DOPE, STONED, SMACK, HOT SHOT, CHINA WHITE, DEA; compare GOLDEN TRIANGLE, TRI-BORDER, GOLDEN CRESCENT.

SIM-AMMO :
practice and training ammunition that's specially manufactured for SMALL ARMS that can be used safely by military and paramilitary personnel in KILL HOUSE and CLOSE QUARTERS BATTLE scenarios. Unlike BLANKs and MILES targeting, SIM-AMMO provides the trainee with a realistic sense of shooting live-ammo, including ricochets. Made in standard military and police service CALIBERs in lower-velocity (eg: Simunition, Greenshield, Short Stop, Close Quarters Target ammunition), some SIM-AMMO is designed to mark the target while others are designed to disintegrate upon impact. Some SIM-AMMO is available as TRACERs for tracking in dark rooms or at night, and there is even a 40mm polymer projectile (ie: DragonFly) for use with grenade launchers. SIM-AMMO is imitative of the recreational paint-ball marking rounds used in civilian WAR GAMEs, and serves the same purpose of assessment and scoring. SIM-AMMO should not be confused with "rubber bullets", which is non-frangible ammunition designed for non-lethal crowd control; not for training. It is sometimes called "training ammo" or "faux ammo". See AMMO.

SINCGARS :
SINgle Channel Ground [to] Air Radio System; with built-in Global Positioning System (GPS), automatic frequency-hopping (HOPSCOTCH) and spread-spectrum transceiver; as AN/PRC-119 (backpack model 2-5mile range) or AN/PRC-6745 "Leprechaun" (pocket sized model 1-5mile range). See WALKIE-TALKIE, RADIO.

SIN CITY :
a secure COMPOUND, situated outside Pleiku near Camp Enari and Camp Holloway, that was policed and regulated by competent allied authorities, where OFF-DUTY regional troops could shop and revel in an "entrepreneurial district" that was managed for their benefit, offering laundry, gambling, drinking, and prostitution services without fear of victimization. This relaxation area had price controls and public health inspections. This was a more formal version of Hooker's CAMP FOLLOWERs, but unofficially condoned. Ironically, George Washington asked for six "camp ladies" per Revolutionary War company, but the Continental Congress would only authorize separate rations for four women per unit ... the revolutionary militia was more candid than the modern military! Also, any similar relaxation and recreation center that's operated as a regulated concession by local businessmen ("on the economy") near a military installation; also called "soldier city", "sporting district", "stews", "red-light district", HELL'S HALF ACRE, and HELL ON WHEELS; compare LITTLE AMERICA, DODGE CITY, FOUR CORNERS.

SINGLET :
a sleeveless undershirt or athletic jersey, that has a loose neckline and shoulder-straps, is usually worn by men; a tank-top or wife beater; see T-SHIRT, SKIVVIES, DRESS. [cf: muscle shirt; nb: the practice of not wearing underpants during field operations was common during the VIETNAM WAR as an aid to disease prevention, and has since acquired the designation: "going commando"]

SINGLETON :
a sole agent or lone operative; derived from card playing usage, where it is the only one of its suit (type); also called "singlet". See CIA, NOC.

SINKER :
a sweet heavy doughnut (or sometimes a biscuit or muffin), usually greasy or underdone ... and like a hot cup of GI JOE, is a MESSHALL treat that's never refused! See DOUGHNUT, PITA, HARDTACK, PANCAKE, POGY BAIT, SLIDER, SOS, SLOP, WASH, BEANS, CHOW, RATIONS. [v: biscuit, croissant, bun, roll, cracker, cracknel, pretzel, shortbread, cookie, wafer, roly-poly, shortcake, cupcake, pandowdy, cobbler / grunt, funnel cake, friedcake, doughnut (eg: beignet, bismarck, olykoek, fasnacht, cruller, dunker, clogger, jelly doughnut, bear sign, bear paw, etc)]

SIN LOI :
see XIN LOI, and also misspelled "sin loy"; as pidgin SIN LOY MINOY for "too bad honey", also see MIHN OI.

SIOUX :
Bell OH-13 observation helicopter, a SCOUTSHIP that's nicknamed "bubble" or "bubble-top" due to its stark configuration.

SITE 85 :
designation given to RADAR site in Laos.

SITREP :
SITuation REPort, also spelled "SIT-REP"; a summary notification of unit activity or status that's transmitted on schedule or on demand. See SPOT REPORT, SALUTE, MISREP, FRAG REPORT.

SIW :
Self-Inflicted Wound, being an act of cowardice that's ipso facto grounds for a court martial; compare WIA, GSW-TTH, SHOOT YOURSELF IN THE FOOT, PH, DUSTOFF, MEDEVAC, MILLION DOLLAR WOUND, PROFILE, LINE OF DUTY, DOW, KIA.

SIX :
a clock-face position, most often used by pilots, as a reference to action or cover behind the unit; or, a code word for unit leader or commander, when derived from CALL-SIGNs.

SIX DEGREES OF SEPARATION :
the theory in social-psychology and communications that argues for limited diffusion in interpersonal networking, which is also expressed as the "small world" phenomenon; essentially positing that any two persons can be probabilistically linked by no more than six contacts or intersections. Such nexus mapping is exemplified in the "Who do you know?" interrogation that every professional colleague or transferred associate is subjected to during the "getting to know" phase of an introduction ... which is sometimes extended to "Where did you serve?" and "When were you there?" type of questions whenever formulating links. Once these interconnections are established, the newcomer will be backtracked to verify his reputation and substantiate his predicted performance. This connectivity is the basis of the "movers and shakers" or the "old boys club". See NET, HOOKUP, BOY'S CLUB, RING-KNOCKER, KHAKI MAFIA.

SJA :
Staff Judge Advocate, the military counsel on staff; see JAG.

SKATE :
to get by, pass by, or goof off; see GHOST, GOLDBRICK, REST ON OARS, TAP-DANCER, HALF-ASSED. [nb: obfuscation and obscurantism are widely represented by the military maxim: "Bullshit baffles brains!", sometimes called a "Well sir,..." excuse]

SKEETER :
slang for the incessantly pestiferous mosquito; also called "swamp angel", "marsh bomber", "bayou bird", or "state bird" (as in the "state bird of Florida", the "state bird of louisiana", the "state bird of Alaska", the "state bird of the Philippines", the "state bird of Panama", the "state bird of Vietnam", and so forth); and related to the gallinipper, gall gnat, gall midge, midge, and crane fly. See BAR, FUO, MALARIA, BONE BREAK FEVER, YELLOW JACK, CHIKUNGUNYA, HORSE PILL; compare DAPSONE, CORK.

SKIDROW :
nickname for Xom Cau Bieu, Xa Thanh Liet (geo: 20 57 44N 105 49 04E; UTM: 48QWJ85001800), site of major NVN prison camp for captive allied population; also known as [nb: some names only refer to sections within this prison] Thanh Liet, Bang Liet, B.15. Dates US POWs present: 07 Jul 68 to 19 Aug 71, 09 Sep 71 to 04 Nov 71, and 06 Dec 71 to 01 Jan 72. The Vietnamese commonly refer to this prison by its location in Cau Bieu Hamlet, Thanh Liet Village, Thanh Tri District, Hanoi Municipality. As of mid-1995, this prison was still administered by the Ministry of Public Security (now Ministry of Interior). See POW.

SKIMMER :
slang for a USN Boston whaler, shaped like an elongated rowboat but mounting an outboard motor; see GIG, PBL, SCOW, BOAT. Also, slang for any sailor aboard a surface ship or boat, for behavioral similarity to gull-like birds that feed from the water's surface; compare DIPPER, BOOMER, DOLPHIN, BUBBLEHEAD, see WATER WINGS, AIRDALE, SHELLBACK. [nb: the whaler, being the ship's GIG, is traditionally rowed with two oars on the PORT side and three oars on the STARBOARD side, which is the origin of the naval association of "even" with PORT and "odd" with STARBOARD]

SKIN :
informal usage for the outer covering of a vehicle or craft; the particular (or peculiar) qualities of its external layer, as "thin-skinned" for light- / unarmored or "skin paint" for sensor detected. See CAMO, WAR FACE, COUNTERSHADING, LASER AIMING DEVICE, PAINT, LADAR, IR, REACTIVE ARMOR, SPALL, SPACED ARMOR, UP-ARMOR, HILLBILLY ARMOR, IRONCLAD, HARDEN, HARD TARGET, SOFT TARGET. [nb: a self-propelled (SP) HOWITZER resembles a TANK, but unlike a TANK, is thin-skinned]

SKINNY :
slang reference for the gaunt appearance of the hostiles or BAD GUYS encountered during Operation RESTORE HOPE in Somalia; term related to the emaciation caused by malnutrition. Also, slang for information, facts, news, a true account, sometimes expressed as the "straight skinny"; also known as POOP, scoop, DOPE, GOUGE, THE WORD, GREEN GREASE, HOT-SHIT, BULLETIN. [nb: at West Point and Annapolis after WWI, the courses on physics and navigation or astronomy were called "skinny" due to the intramural tutoring needed for satisfactory completion; which may be the origin of that slang term for reliably current information]

SKIP BOMBING :
ricochet technique of aerial bomb delivery by aircraft against ships and other floating targets, used in lieu of torpedoes (FISH); as validated by the 1943 Battle of the Bismark Sea, in the WWII New Guinea campaign; see WILD SHOT, compare DIVETOSS. [nb: a similar technique of "ricochet shooting" of TANK / ARTY gunfire along the ground at enemy troops attacking in the open was simultaneously developed in the 1943 north Africa campaign]

SKIPPER :
the head, leader (LDR), commander (CO), CAPTAIN, or master of a vessel, aircraft, or unit, which duty is not equivalent to a specific RANK; sometimes truncated as "Skip", as derived from Dutch ("schipper") for "he who ships". See ADMIRAL, COMMODORE, FLAG OFFICER, 10, MC, OVERSIGHT, COMMAND ELEMENT, GOLD STAR.

SKIRT :
Women's Army Corps service medal
WAC
slang for a military woman, also known as "G.I. Jane", regardless of branch of service. As an expression of patriotism and humanity, more than women's liberation/suffrage, women began volunteering for nursing and service jobs during the Crimean War (1853-6) and the American CIVIL WAR (1861-5). More than 1100 women worked as contract nurses during the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR due to epidemic diseases, which caused ten times more casualties than combat. Women served as contract workers in service jobs (eg: dietetics, communication) during WWI, but didn't qualify for protected military status under the conventions of war, and were ineligible for veteran's benefits after the war. On 15 May 1942, the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) was instituted to fill needed combat support roles, from clerk and mechanic to translator and cryptanalyst, but was still a contractual position without full military status or benefits. On 3 July 1943, the Army Nurse Corps (ANC), existing since the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, and the Women's Army Corps (WAC) were admitted to full military status by Congress. Similarly, Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Service (WAFS) and Women Air Service Pilots (WASP) were transitioned into the Women's Air Force (WAF). The Navy employed Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES); and the Coast Guard utilized Semper Paratus Auxiliary Reserve (SPAR). All separate women's military service corps were dissolved in 1978 when female servicemembers were integrated into the RANKS; and in 1994, the role of qualified women was expanded from service support occupations to "combat support", including police, pilots, and other assignments. During the Vietnam-era, approximately 261,000 women served in all military branches, with about 7,500 serving IN-COUNTRY, resulting in eight (8) fatalities, including one KIA (ANC LT Sharon A. Lanz at Chu Lai on 8 June 1969). A Women's Auxiliary was formed under the leadership of the SVN President's wife, functioning similar to American models, including only limited weapons training. See WAAC, WAC, WAF, WAFS, WASP, WAVES, SPAR, BAM, WM, "GI Jane" at GI / GI JOE, "Jane Bond" at SECRET AGENT / BABY 007,"Acting Jane" at ACTING JACK, "Hollow Bunny" at EMPTY SUIT, "Swinging Dickless" at SWINGING DICK, "Dear Jane" at JODY, ANGEL, COMMO, CRYPTO, CRYPER, BAMBOO TELEGRAPH, SQUEAK, RIGGER, QM, WARRIOR PRINCESS, WONDER WOMAN, WINNIE THE WAC, QUEEN FOR A YEAR, RUNTS 'n' CUNTS, MOTHER HEN, "bra-less" at HANG LOOSE, PIRATE'S DREAM, LONGHAIR, ROUND EYE, CAMP FOLLOWER, BITCH, FLYING BRAVO, STRANGE, SPLIT, SNATCH, SHACK-JOB, SLEEPING DICTIONARY, CLASS-B DEPENDENT, CAMPAIGN WIFE, DRAG, COW, OFFICER'S WIFE, PETTICOAT COMMAND, DISTAFF, DOUGHNUT DOLLY, SALLY, FANY. [v: amazon, virago; cf: vivandière] [nb: Aussie "Shiela"] [nb: women have also served the military by working with the Hello Girls, Office of Civilian Defense, Relief Wings Inc., Salvation Army, United Service Organizations, United States Food Administration, United States Public Health Service Reserve Corps, United War Work Campaign, Volunteer Army Canteen Service, Women Veteran's Organizations, Women War Correspondents, Women War Workers, Women's Ambulance and Defense Corps, Young Women's Christian Association] [nb: Jennie Hodgers, an Irish emigrant, enlisted as a private in Company G/95th Illinois Volunteer Infantry on 6 Aug 1862 as "Albert D.J. Cashier", serving as an infantryman in all campaigns with her unit, then discharged into civilian life where she continued to live as a man, staying in touch with her comrades, collecting a pension, until infirmity revealed her disguise in 1913, then when she died on 11 Oct 1915, she was buried in uniform with full military honors; since women who disguised themselves for military service were discharged when discovered, usually with their motives or sanity in doubt and reputations ruined, instances of women who evaded censure in military service are very fragmentary, such that Hodgers'/Cashier's is the only documented case of a woman fulfilling an Army enlistment during the CIVIL WAR] [cf: Molly Pitcher (Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley); v: Nonhelema (Shawnee peace chief)] [nb: a female unit commander is not called the OLD MAN nor "old lady", not "chieftain" nor "chieftess", not the HONCHO nor "honchette", not TOP DOG nor "top bitch", but is rather antonomastically identified by the generic "boss" or "boss lady", or by her designated NICKNAME or CODENAME] [nb: "The She-Goats having obtained a beard by request to Jupiter, the He-Goats were sorely displeased and made complaint that the females equaled them in dignity. 'Allow them,' said Jupiter, 'to enjoy an empty honor and to assume the badge of your nobler sex, so long as they are not your equals in strength or courage.' It matters little if those who are inferior to us in merit should be like us in outside appearances." by Aesop (The She-Goats and Their Beards in Aesop's Fables] [nb: "Give not thy strength unto women, nor thy ways to that which destroyeth kings." Proverbs 31:3 KJV Bible]

SKIVVIES :
underwear consisting of a shirt and shorts, as derived from a knit "skivvy" shirt; sometimes expressed as "skivvy suit", probably by association with "birthday suit"; also called "smalls" or "u-trou" / "u-trau". See T-SHIRT, SINGLET, CIVVIES, DRESS. [v: Japanese shitagi] [nb: the practice of not wearing underpants during field operations was common during the VIETNAM WAR as an aid to disease prevention, and has since acquired the designation: GOING COMMANDO]

SKOSH :
(skoh-sh) a literal Japanese contraction of 'sukoshi', meaning 'small' or 'little', and widely adopted by GIs since WWII; also represented as "skoshi" (skoh-she) or "skoshi-san"; compare TEE-TEE. Also, an American corruption meaning 'fast' or 'quickly', as if from "little time" or "small period"; typically expressed as "Get it done most skosh!" or "Deliver this most skosh!"; compare CHOP CHOP, RIKI TIK, CHOGI, FORTHWITH, SCRAMBLE. [v: Japanese haiyaku (quickly)]

SKS :
Simonov Soviet-made or Chinese-made semiautomatic rifle had a built-in 10-round (7.62X39mm) magazine with an attached bayonet; being highly accurate, and used primarily by Local Force (LF) Viet Cong (VC). See 7.62 MINIS, KALASHNIKOV (AK-47), RPD.

SKUNK WORKS :
(forthcoming); also spelled "skunkworks" aka: Lockheed Advanced Development Works [cf: saltworks, slopwork]

SKY :
slang for leave, depart, take-off, SPLIT, CHOGI, PULL PITCH, JUICE, SCRAMBLE, SCRAM, HAUL-ASS, RABBIT, BEAT FEET, EXFIL, SHOVE-OFF, BLUE PETER.

SKYBLAZERS :
(forthcoming); designation for the Precision Demonstration Team, organized in for public display of typical aviation skillcraft, performed nationwide at air shows, patriotic events, and other fairs. A precision flight demonstration of the capability and versatility of aircraft kept at least one BIRD performing between set piece formations and maneuvers. The team consisted of aviators; See BARNSTORMER, AEROBATICS.

SKYCRANE :
CH-54 heavy helicopter, also called FLYING CRANE, and nicknamed "superhook"; see CHOPPER.

SKYHAWK :
the Douglas A4D and McDonnell A-4 single-engine subsonic jet attack fighter-bomber aircraft, used for interdiction and close air support (CAS); nicknamed "Sky Hog". See BIRD.

SKYHOOK :
nickname for the Fulton Recovery System, designed by Robert E. Fulton; the aerial retrieval (at about 120MPH) of ground packages or extraction (EXFIL) of passengers by low-altitude (at 500-800' alt) capture of balloon suspended tether in forked yoke, as used by special operations. See GABRIEL, STABO; compare TRAWL.

SKY KNIGHT :
US Navy F-3D two-engine "night fighter" aircraft used for electronic surveillance and Electronic CounterMeasures (ECM); compare SKYNIGHT.

SKYLANCER :
the Douglas F5D experimental successor to the F4D SKYRAY.

SKYLINE :
to highlight or silhouette personnel, equipment, or vehicles, as when standing on or traversing a crest, instead of a defile; see MILITARY CREST. Also, the division or separation of earth and sky at the horizon.

SKYMASTER :
Cessna O-2 fixed-wing aircraft, with two engines, one fore and one aft of cabin section in split TAILBOOM, also called "Mixmaster" and "push-me-pull-you"; being a STOL used on FAC and VR or radio monitor missions. Also, the Douglas R5D/C-54 support and transport aircraft; see BIRD.

SKYNIGHT :
Douglas EF-10 /-10B fighter aircraft used for photo and electronic surveillance, and Electronic CounterMeasures (ECM); also known as WILLIE THE WHALE.

SKY PILOT :
nickname for a chaplain, padre, clergyman, or cleric in military or naval service; also known as a "Holy Joe", "sin buster", "soul catcher", "pulpit pounder","gospel shouter", "God botherer", "God walloper", or "sermonizer". The motto of the Chaplain's Corps is "For God And Country" ('Pro Deo Et Patria'). During WWI, the American Expeditionary Force was augmented by volunteer chaplains who were sponsored by the Knights of Columbus, the Young Men's Christian Association, and other altruistic organizations; these chaplains served the moral and spiritual needs of front line troops, including combat leadership and sexual prophylaxis. See GOD SQUAD, HOLY HELO, TS CARD, SYMPATHY, FOXHOLE CONVERSION, ARMY CHRISTIAN, PRAYER; compare HUG SQUAD, GHOUL. [v: abbé, churchman, curé, ecclesiastic, evangelist, father, guru, hieromonk, man of the cloth, master, minister, officiant, parson, pastor, preacher, prelate, priest, prophet, rabbi, rector, reverend, revivalist, swami, vicar, votary, yogi] [nb: "A chaplain is the minister of the Prince of Peace serving the host of the God of War – Mars. As such, he is as incongruous as a musket would be on the altar at Christmas. Why, then, is he there? Because he indirectly subserves the purpose attested by the cannon; because too he lends the sanction of the religion of the meek to that which practically is the abrogation of everything but brute Force." by Herman Melville, ch 24 Billy Budd, Sailor]

SKYRAIDER :
Douglas A1-E / A1-H propeller-driven attack aircraft, powered by a single reciprocating engine, used for Close Air Support (CAS); this WWII-era prop-jet was affectionately nicknamed and sometimes CALL-SIGNed "Spad". The "Spad" was succeeded by the A-10 WARTHOG. See SANDY, SLOW MOVER.

Skyray :
the Douglas F4D/F-6 fighter aircraft.

SKY SOLDIERS :
nickname of 173rd Airborne Brigade (Separate), being the first major US Army combat unit sent to Vietnam; see THE HERD.

SKYSPOT :
ground directed bombing conducted by the 1st Combat Evaluation Group of the Strategic Air Command (SAC). Ordnance directed and released from B-52, B-57, F-4, and other aircraft of the American, Austrailian, and Vietnamese Air Forces. Ground sites were located in Vietnam and Thailand.

SKY TRAIN :
an airplane (called "tow plane") towing one or more GLIDERs; also called "air train"; see TOWLINE, UNCOUPLE, AIRHEAD.

SKYTRAIN :
the Douglas R4D/C-47 transport aircraft.

SKYTRAIN II :
the McDonnell-Douglas C-9B transport aircraft.

SKYTROOPER :
the Douglas C-49, being a variant of the C-47 DAKOTA transport aircraft.

SKYWARRIOR :
the Douglas A3D/A-3 carrier bomber aircraft.

SLACK :
second man in a patrol, or secondary element in an advancing unit, situated between the POINT and main contingent, and usually responsible for the unit's pace and navigation; also called "slack man" or "swing"; see DRAG. Also, not tight, taut, firm, or tense; lax or loose, as to lessen or play-out a rope. Also, slow, sluggish, or indolent. Also, inactive, weak, or dull. Also, negligent; careless; remiss.

SLACKER :
shirker, malingerer, or laggard; a goof-off or no-goodnik, as derived from the dilatory and remiss meanings of 'slack'. See DUD, GHOST, GOLDBRICK, FEATHER MERCHANT, REST ON OARS, DODGE THE BULLET, TAP-DANCER, PUKE, LOOSE CANNON, FIELD REJECT, SMACK, DOUCHE BAG, FUCK-UP, MAGGOT, YARDBIRD.

SLAM :
an acronym for the AGM-84 Standoff Land Attack Missile; also known as Harpoon. Also, Search (or Seek), Locate, Annihilate, and Monitor; being the COVER name designation for a company-sized clandestine mission by ground elements (OP35) of the Special Operations Group (SOG) that operated in enemy territory, including CROSS-BORDER sanctuaries. Typically sized from platoon to battalion, a SLAM functioned as either a reaction force that responded to INTEL developed by recon teams (RT), or as an exploitation force (HF) that conducted raids. see DA, SPIN DOWN, HOT PURSUIT, OVER THE FENCE.

SLANT DISTANCE :
the best projection or the most accurate calculation of the true distance to be traveled in rough terrain, converted from linear map distance; being the hypotenuse of a right-angle determined by direct distance and total elevation. A combat-loaded GRUNT will lose speed to the increased severity of rough terrain, so will slow from the normal advance of 3-5mph down to the rate of only 1mph or less. See AIMPOINT, HEADING, AZIMUTH, COMPASS, DEAD-RECKONING, GRID COORDINATES, GRID LINES, CONTOUR LINES, TRUSCOTT TROT, LEEWAY, CONTOUR FLYING, NOE, MAP, COMICS.

SLANT-EYE :
a derogation based upon the epicanthic fold, which is characteristic of Asians; see DINK, SLOPE, GOOK, RICE BALL, ZIP, CHINK, NIP, YELLOW PERIL, YELLOW DOG, BUDDHAHEAD, BASKET HEAD, RICE CHRISTIAN, INDIG.

SLAP :
Saboted Light Armor Penetrator, a high-velocity hardened projectile of several CALIBERs that utilizes kinetic energy as an anti-tank weapon; see SABOT.

SLAP A HAT :
see SADDLE-UP, GOOD TO GO, FAT, OP TEMPO, JUMP-START, MISSION READY.

SLAP-FLARE :
a hand-launched pyrotechnic illumination projectile that's suspended beneath a small PARACHUTE during its descent; also called "parachute flare", or "umbrella flare", and sometimes spelled "slapflare". Used for aerial illumination, it is contained in a metal tube (about the size of a paper towel cylinder), and launched by placing the protective cap (with firing pin) over the propellant primer, and striking sharply. Compare PEN FLARE, see FLARE.

SLAR :
Side Looking Airborne RADAR.

SLBM :
Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile, as from a SILO aboard a BOOMER; see TRIDENT.

SLC :
the 28-day Sapper Leader Course at the U.S. Army Engineer School, with AIR ASSAULT and RECONDO prerequisites, for grades E-4 through O-3; see SAPPER.

SLEEPER :
inactive undercover agent; see SECRET AGENT, SPOOK, CRYPTO, MOLE, PROVOCATEUR, THROW-AWAY, STOOGE.

SLEEPING DICTIONARY :
a female consort who helps a military or civilian ADVISOR in learning the foreign language and native customs of the assigned country; compare MIHN OI, SHACK-JOB, CAMPAIGN WIFE, CLASS-B DEPENDENT, DRAG, STRANGE, DISTAFF, SKIRT.

SLEEVE :
slang for the WINDSOCK-like fabric TARGET that's towed by an airplane for air or ground gunnery practice; see BULL'S-EYE, POINT-BLANK, IMPACT AREA, AIMPOINT, POINT OF IMPACT, KILL ZONE, BUTT, TURKEY SHOOT. [v: Aunt Sally, Jack-a-Lent, cockshy, clay pigeon, sitting duck, mark, gull, dupe, pigeon, prey, quintain, wand, hit list]

SLICK :
any helicopter used to transport troops or cargo, such as HUEY, SHAWNEE, KINGBEE, CHINOOK, with only protective armaments systems; not a GUNSHIP ... and not "unarmed". SLICK was the term used to refer to an assault helicopter used to support troops in combat during AIRMOBILE operations. Troops would ride in the wide door openings (most assault choppers had their sliding doors removed) of the aircraft, normally in two rows on each side, and could exit quickly when landing in a HOT LZ. SLICKS usually didn't touch down during landing, but troops off-loaded during the ground effect "bounce" in a matter of seconds. Pilots learned to reduce risk by spending as little time as possible in hover. The term derives from the lack of armaments, not from the absence of seats. See CHASE, SCOUTSHIP.

SLICK SLEEVE :
the lowest ranking enlisted personnel, including "trainee" and "private / airman / seaman recruit" (novice, tyro, abecedarian); who are devoid of sleeve insignia until improved skill level earns promotion to a higher RATING, denoted by stripes, chevrons, and ROCKERs. Promotion parties usually involve beer and some informal "tagging" or "pinning" ritual, leaving the happy upgrade with a headache and bruised arms. See BOOT, TRAIN, CRUIT, YARDBIRD, BUCK, MOSQUITO WING, MOSQUITO SMILE, MATING MOSQUITOES, BIRD UMBRELLA, SWINE LOG, BLOOD STRIPE, EM.

SLICKY BOY :
any civilian employed by the military, especially in Asia, who steals government property for sale on the Black Market, sometimes with great ingenuity or audacity; although principally a thief or swindler, like any rapscallion or rogue, he might also serve as a pimp procurer. See KHAKI MAFIA, CARPETBAGGERS; compare CHEAP CHARLIE, HAJJI SHOP, SCROUNGE, MIDNIGHT REQUISITION, SHAKEDOWN, LITTLE AMERICA. [cf: comprador/compradore]

SLIDER :
a greasy hamburger; a "SLIDER with lid" is a cheeseburger. See CAVALRY STEAK, SANDWICH, PITA, RICE BALL, SOS, SLOP, WASH, WAD, BEANS, CHOW, IRON RATIONS, RATIONS. [v: Salisbury steak, Swiss steak, cheese steak]

SLIT TRENCH :
a narrow LATRINE dug into the ground for extended field use by a SQUAD; also called "straddle trench" or "spraddle trench". The most common mistake made by inexperienced MIL-PERS is to dig the trench too wide, making its use both unstable and uncomfortable, since it only needs to be as wide as the shovel head of the E-TOOL itself. The surplus propellent from mortar and artillery fire can be ignited to sterilize such a cesspool, and thus maintain local sanitation. In the post-VN era, portable chemical toilets (variously brand named, including "Porta-John", "Porta-Potty", "Jiffy-John", and "Royal Flush") are positioned and serviced by subcontractors whenever troops are deployed into field training areas or BASE CAMPs, including overseas combat zones. See LATRINE, HEAD, CAT HOLE, BLUE CANOE, TROTS, SQUIRTS, DUMP, SHIT, HONEY BUCKET, CORK, COMFORT STATION. [nb: Chinese archives document the use of perfumed rice-paper for use as toilet paper from the sixth century; toilet paper invented 1857; perforated roll of toilet paper (1877); 2-ply toilet paper (1942); pastel colors of toilet paper (1956)] Also, the former name of a hastily prepared prone firing or fighting position, being obsolete since WWII; see RANGER GRAVE, HASTY TRENCH; see FOXHOLE, SPIDER HOLE. [v: Military Earthworks Terms]

SLING :
an adjustable fabric band or leather strap connected by swivel mounts to SMALL ARMS, usually a RIFLE, to assist in their handling and performance, as when carrying or shooting; see STACK ARMS, STACKING SWIVEL, GP STRAP, SNAP-LINK, UNLIMBER, BUTTSTOCK; compare LANYARD. Also, a strap, band, rope, or chain from which something is suspended, hoisted, or moved, often forming a loop; see McGUIRE RIG, HIGHLINE. Also, a net or other hold used for hoisting or hauling, as for moving something; also called a "sling load"; see EYE, GP, GP NET, HAMMOCK.

SLOP :
cheap bedding and ready-made clothing, especially short baggy trousers ("high-water"), supplied to sailors from the ship's stores; see RACK, BERTH, BILLET, HAMMOCK, HOSPITAL CORNER, UTILITIES, FATIGUES, BLOUSE, DRESS. Also, a loose-fitting overgarment of cheap cloth, as a tunic or smock. Also, any cheap ready-made clothing [v: "slop work"; cf: shoddy, mungo, bodgy]. Also, tasteless or unappetizing food or drink, often badly prepared, as related to swill for feeding livestock; [cf: sop] see SOS, SLIDER, SINKER, WAD, WASH, BEANS, CHOW, FORAGE, RATIONS. Also, any spilled or dirty fluid, watery refuse, or liquid mud; see SLOP CHUTE [cf: slut].

SLOP CHEST :
originally a trunk or chest, later a room/cabin for stowing a quantity of spare clothing, extra boots, and other personal items to be supplied to a ship's crew during a voyage, especially after an emergency; also called "slops chest" and "slop/-s locker" [cf: "slop shop"]. Also, a ship's store of personal goods for sale to passengers and crew, as an on-board PX/BX; compare CANTEEN.

SLOP CHUTE :
an angled channel, as a declining trough or downward shaft, used to convey liquids or loose solids outboard of a ship or vessel, especially bilge water, wet refuse and kitchen garbage, or sewage; which discharged effluence feeds trailing sea life [cf: slut]. Also, by analogy to effluent disposal, the rectum and its intestinal egestion; see DUMP, TROTS, SQUIRTS, SHIT, HEAD CALL, TRA CA, HONEY BUCKET, GUMP STUMP. Also, by extension of SLOP and by analogy to animal feedings, the mouth and digestive track, for the ingestion of swill or mash. Also, by extension of ingested swill, to quaff, imbibe, guzzle, gulp, or chug-a-lug. Also, the Navy/Marine enlisted man's (EM's) bar or ANNEX where excessive consumption (and subsequent evacuation) is condoned (if not encouraged); see SWINE LOG, BREW, HOOCH, GROG, GROUP TIGHTENER, SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, HOIST, TOAST, HATCH, DUTCH COURAGE, WHISKEY WARRIOR, CLASS SIX, BYOB, DEAD-SOLDIER, BA MUOI BA, SAIGON TEA, WASH, THE DRINK, STONED; compare DIRTY SHIRT, RIGHT ARM, CANTEEN, O CLUB, SHADOW OF THE FLAGPOLE. [cf: barrelhouse, cocktail lounge, saloon, roadhouse, speakeasy, blind pig / blind tiger, pub, ginmill, public house, tavern, cantina, bar, barroom, grogshop, watering hole, honky-tonk, dive, brasserie, bistro, taproom, beer joint, beer parlor, alehouse, rathskeller, cabaret, nightclub, drinkery]

SLOPE :
a derogatory term used to refer to any Asian; see DINK, GOOK, SLANT-EYE, RICE BALL, ZIP, NIP, JAPE, CHINK, YELLOW PERIL, YELLOW DOG, WOG; compare BUDDHAHEAD, BASKET HEAD, LITTLE BROWN BROTHER, INDIG.

SLOW MATCH :
symbol of the 196th Light Infantry Brigade, Americal Division, which is a slow-burning igniter that's lit at both ends to signify readiness; also called BURNING WORM. The SLOW MATCH, being a cord impregnated with saltpeter (potassium nitrate), was invented as a flamethrower FUSE in AD 919 by the Chinese; also called "fire cord" and "fusee/fuzee", compare PUNK, SPUNK, and "touchwood". The word "spunk", meaning spark or sparkling, has also referred to PUNK and to "mettle", with the implication that readiness becomes courage. See PATCH, ZIPPO, LIGHTER, WAD. [nb: originating as an evenly burning wick or cord for cannon, by comparison with the wick in the nostril or muzzle of a lamp, the chemical stick-match or "lucifer (light bearing) match" began replacing friction or spark ignition in the 19th century; when an English apothecary, John Walker, invented the chemical friction match in 1827; when a French student, Charles Sauria, invented the phosphorus match in 1831; when America patented the sesquisulfide of phosphorus match in 1836; and when Sweden invented the safety match in 1855]

SLOW MOVER :
any propeller driven fighter-bomber aircraft, such as the SKYRAIDER and WARTHOG, which prop-jets were usually very accurate, with a longer period on station for flying CAP; as contrasted with FAST MOVER jet aircraft. Such rotary-wing aircraft are sometimes called "rotorcraft" or "rotor-planes". See CAS, SPAD, SANDY, WOBBLY, WOP, ROTOR HEAD, PROP JOCKEY.

SLUSH FUND :
slang reference to the "Non-Appropriated Funds Account" (subvention) maintained by each COMPANY-sized unit for discretionary purchases of incidental items of benefit to the unit, as determined by a disbursement committee comprised of select unit officers and NCOs. These funds are used to buy training aids, recreational equipment, trophies, certificates, departure gifts, and party supplies. This phrase originates with the petty cash that the unit cook collected from the sale of 'slush' (refuse fat, grease, and drippings) accumulated from cooking, which SOLDIERs and SAILORs spread (like lard or butter) onto their issued HARDTACK and ship/sea biscuits. [cf: origin of DOGSBODY] See CANDY, GOLDEN SHOWER, BEGGING BOWL, SOUVENIR, CUMSHAW, CARPETBAGGERS, KHAKI MAFIA, CHALLENGE COIN.

SMA :
Sergeant Major Academy, being the training course required for promotion to SUPER GRADEs E-8, E-9, and E-10; see NCOA, NCOCC, INCOC, LPC, SHAKE 'n' BAKE, UP OR OUT. Also, the abbreviation for Sergeant Major of the Army, being the highest non-commissioned officer (NCO) rating in the U.S. Army, represented by a unique sleeve rank insignia consisting of three chevrons above three ROCKERs with two stars centered (1979), later revised (1994) by the addition of the national eagle positioned between the two stars. See SARGE, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, TOP DOG, SUPER GRADE, NCO, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SMACK :
in compliance with Congressional mandates prohibiting abusive language, this epithet was adopted to represent all derogatory, obscene, or profane terms deemed inappropriate for reviling military servicemembers, being a Humpty Dumpty redefinition for "malleable meat"; see fool, jerk, jackass, clod, skell, dolt, klutz, dummkopf, mug, dupe, nincompoop, doofus, moke, ninny, dunce, nitwit, half-wit, imbecile, idiot, moron, simpleton, mutt, harebrain, lamebrain, blockhead, bonehead, meathead, chowderhead, dunderhead, lunkhead, chucklehead, knucklehead, numskull, numb nuts, featherbrain, scatterbrain, rattlebrain, lunkhead, scrot (shortening of 'scrotum'), scumbag, dick-wad, DOUCHE BAG, DUD, DOPE, SOS, TURD, SHIT MAGNET, MAGGOT, CRUIT, BOOT, YARDBIRD, FIELD REJECT, HOT DOG, COWBOY, LOOSE CANNON, TRIGGER-HAPPY, ATTITUDE ADJUSTMENT, CALL ON THE CARPET, TALK TRASH, GODDAM, EXPLETIVE, OATH, BAD-MOUTH. Also, of ancient origin, any fishing vessel (eg: JUNK, SAMPAN) possessed of a well for keeping the catch alive; see COMPARTMENT. Also, slang for heroin ("smak"); see CHINA WHITE, DOPE, JUNK, HOT SHOT, CAN SA, STICK, TAR, COLORS, STONED. [nb: a non-concentrate called "Fruit Smack" was marketed by Kool-Ade, the precursor of Kool-Aid, in 1927; '-ade' is a suffix meaning fruit drink (eg: lemonade)]

SMALL ARMS :
Tommy gun
Tommy gun
Sten Mark 3
Sten Mark 3
Sterling L2A3
Sterling L2A3
Dae Woo K1
Dae Woo K1
individual weapons, as for holding in one or both hands, including PISTOL, RIFLE, carbine, grenade launcher, submachine gun (SMG), etc; sometimes abbreviated SA or S/A. See CREW-SERVED WEAPONS, SIDEARM, SLING, firing line. [v: Firearms Glossary]

SMART :
Structural Maintenance And Repair Team, a civil engineer (CE) project for the regular maintenance of base buildings and facilities, by carpenters, masons, electricians, plumbers, and painters, who schedule repairs or replacements; project initially designated Fast Action Repair Team (FART) for separate repairs made "on demand" ... an obviously impolitic acronym. Compare PRIME RIBS, PRIME BEEF.

SMART BOMB :
any BOMB that can be precisely guided or minutely directed (programmed) onto its TARGET; see JDAM, GBU, EOGB, EGBU, LGB, PAVEWAY, LANTIRN, LASER AIMING DEVICE, BOMBSIGHT, PAINT, LASER, PGM. [nb: "smart bomb, dumb target"; cf: logic bomb]

SMASH 'n' DASH :
rhyming slang for a RAID or INCURSION; also known as "shoot 'n' scoot".

SMAW :
Shoulder-launched Multi-purpose Assault Weapon; being a portable 83mm anti-armor rocket launcher that's sized about 30"L and 17#, and effective to 500m against bunkers and tanks. This man-portable weapon system consists of an extendable fiberglass launch tube, a 9mm spotting rifle, an electro-mechanical firing mechanism, open battle sights, and a mount for optical and night sights. The SMAW fires 83mm High Explosive, Dual Purpose (HEDP) and High Explosive Anti-Armor (HEAA) rockets; the encased rockets are loaded at the rear of the launcher. The SMAW is based upon the Israeli B-300; it entered USMC inventory in 1984, and U.S. Army inventory during DESERT STORM. See LAW, PREDATOR, RR, TOW.

SMEZ :
Super Missile Engagement Zone; designation by Coalition forces for the multi-layer antimissile defense region situated south of Baghdad during the GULF WAR. Compare STAR WARS, MAGINOT LINE, BERLIN WALL, IRON CURTAIN, BAMBOO CURTAIN, BAR LEV LINE, CACTUS CURTAIN, McNAMARA'S WALL, McNAMARA LINE, CHINESE WALL, DEW LINE, PHASE LINE. [cf: Hadrian's Wall, Antonine Wall, Great Wall of China] [nb: the Dutch built Wall Street (1652-98) as a defense against the British in New York] [nb: "The strength of a wall is neither greater nor less than the men who defend it." by Genghis Khan]

SMG :
M3A1 grease gun
grease gun
MAT-49
MAT-49
SubMachine Gun; a compact, rapid-fire, magazine-fed "machine pistol" developed for close combat; also spelled "submachinegun". The use of weapons similar to those used by the enemy (such as French MAT-49, British Sten and Sterling, or M-45B Karl Gustav Swedish K) helped avoid "sound SIGNATURE" signals, and confused enemy responses, giving special operations forces (SOF) an advantageous reaction time. See GREASE GUN, TOMMY-GUN, CAR, PISTOL, MAGAZINE, DRUM, MUZZLE, KICK, FIREPOWER, FLASH SUPPRESSOR, SILENCER; compare RIFLE, BAR, MG, BLOOPER, SAW, MINIGUN, STONER. [nb: an SMG fires PISTOL ammunition, but an MG fires RIFLE ammunition] [nb: the compact Uzi 9mm SMG is named for its inventor Uziel Gal, an Israeli (IDF) army officer]

SMOKE :
a marking cloud or masking fog of smoke that's tactically generated during ground or sea operations, used to conceal combat elements, their maneuver, assault, withdrawal, or recovery, as well as their assembly areas or movement routes; see POP SMOKE, SMOKY BEAR, MOONSHINE, MIGHTY MITE, SOUP CAN, SCREEN, BRING SMOKE, WATCH MY SMOKE, SMOOGE, BLOW SMOKE, SMOKE 'n' MIRRORS. Also, an informal reference to the use of tobacco products; see GASPER, PIGTAIL, SOLDIER'S BREAKFAST, HUBBLE-BUBBLE, GRASS, HAY, STICK, BUTT, FAG, FIELD STRIP, POLICE CALL, SMOKER. Also, a racial slur or ethnic derogation that disparages BLACK people; a bigoted stereotype considered crude and offensive, even in jest.

SMOKE BOMB HILL :
a remote and dilapidated area of Fort Bragg to which early SF and PSYOPS was shunted by the AIRBORNE maffia after losing its argument for a more isolated COMPOUND, like the BLACK DEVILs in Montana during WWII, the inferior accommodations at SMOKE BOMB HILL have become a point of pride for SFers because they aren't ever "home" long enough to bother about luxurious (or even comfortable) facilities. Although later expanded into Camp MacKall for the SFQC and into the post STOCKADE for DELTA FORCE, with the regiment based on at least two POSTs, this derelict area will always be the "home of the GREEN BERET". See SWS, ROBIN SAGE, JOHN WAYNE HIGH SCHOOL, ELECTRIC BUTTERKNIFE, BLANKET HEAD, SNAKE-EATER, SNEAKY PETE, GABRIEL, BRONZE BRUCE, THE GREEKS, USSF, SOCOM, ARSOC / USASOC, USSOC, SPECIAL OPERATIONS.

SMOKEJUMPER :
a parachutist qualified for rough terrain landings, usually with full equipment, in a special course located in Idaho that's taught jointly by the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Forest Service.

SMOKELESS POWDER :
first made of nitrocellulose in 1864 by Edward Schultze, a Prussian artillery captain, as an igniter for the dense powdered propellant used in artillery; "Schultze powder" was also used in hand grenades and shotguns, but burned too rapidly for use in rifles. About 1885, a smokeless powder suitable for rifled guns was invented by Paul Vieille; it was called poudre B and was made from nitrocotton and ether-alcohol. Alfred Nobel then added a substance called Ballistite, made from nitrocotton (with a low nitrogen content) gelatinized by nitroglycerin, uniting two of the most powerful explosives known at the time. Cordite was invented in 1889 by Sir Frederick Augustus Abel and Sir James Dewar; it contained a highly nitrated guncotton and nitroglycerin that had been blended by means of acetone, with mineral jelly added to act as a lubricant. Indurite, invented by Charles E. Monroe in 1891, is made from guncotton and is colloided with nitrobenzine. See GUNCOTTON, EXPLOSIVE.

SMOKE 'n' MIRRORS :
any technique that distorts facts, obscures figures, or transmutes reality; as misdirection, subterfuge, obfuscation, deception, illusion. Derived from a magic or conjuring trick; the old adage "Where there's smoke, there's fire." has been recast in the modern era as "Where there's smoke, there're mirrors!" See BLOW SMOKE, CYA, DOG 'n' PONY SHOW, FIVE O'CLOCK FOLLIES, WASHINGTON WALTZ, BLIVET, HIDE, WANGLE, TAP-DANCER, MOTOR MOUTH, HALF-ASSED, CHICKEN SHIT, MICKEY MOUSE. [nb: obfuscation and obscurantism are widely represented by the military maxim: "Bullshit baffles brains!", sometimes called a "Well sir,..." excuse]

SMOKER :
an informal gathering, especially of men, for entertainment, discussion, or convivial association; so called due to the open enjoyment of tobacco products and adult beverages. A similar informal evening entertainment shared by men is known among AUSSIE and KIWI denizens as a "smoko" (or "smoke-oh"). See SMOKE, GASPER, FAG, BUTT, GUSTO, SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, SUNDOWNER, TOAST. [nb: just as sports cards and redemption coupons were included in select brands of cigarettes during the post-WWII era, a morale card featuring the motto "I shall return" and a picture of General Douglas MacArthur was enclosed in packs of "Lucky Strike" cigarettes during WWII as a reminder of his promise on behalf of America's commitment] Also, informal reference to a unit boxing match, which (unlike recreational baseball or serious athletics) usually involves great pride in the "fighting prowess" of the unit, its branch affiliation and historical lineage ... never has a quartermaster or signalman beaten an infantryman or artilleryman! Although this term probably originated as above, the special application of the word to prizefighting may have something to do with punches so fast and blows so hard that they "smoke" ... fists like lightning, fists landing bombs. See WATCH MY SMOKE, BRAGGING RIGHTS, PISSING CONTEST.

SMOKY BEAR :
aerial mission to illuminate by dropping parachute FLARES, or to fog from aircraft-mounted smoke generator, usually performed by C-47 DAKOTA or HH-53 JOLLY GREEN GIANT; sometimes misspelled "Smokey Bear". See MIGHTY MITE, POP SMOKE, MOONSHINE.

SMOOGE :
slang used by PILOTs for an observable indication of a target strike, such as smoke or flames from a still-standing structure (eg: "Hit it, no collapse, but got SMOOGE"); probably derived from AUSSIE slang for aggressive wooing, a "hot pass" that makes her 'smoke' and 'melt' inside, but may be a corruption of smog and smudge. See TALLY-HO, SCRAM, PICKLE, SPLASH.

SMOOTHBORE :
a double entendre dating from the American CIVIL WAR forward, which means both a gun (eg: musket, SHOTGUN, cannon, etc) with a smooth bore (a barrel not rifled with "lands and grooves"), and a mostly amiable and competent MIL-PERS who is nonetheless tiresome or dull. See BIG STUFF, HEAVY STUFF, CASE SHOT, SABOT; compare RIFLE, MORTAR, HOWITZER, GUNSHIP. [nb: RIFLEd guns are denoted "inch" (eg: 3" Field Gun called "three incher"), which is the diameter of the projectile, while SMOOTHBORE cannons are denoted "pound" (eg: 12# Mountain HOWITZER called "twelve pounder"), which is the weight of the projectile] [cf: bombard as the earliest type of indirect cannon launching stones, from "noise" (bomb) and "stone-throwing engine" (bombarda)] [nb: the 1795 Springfield Arsenal musket (smoothbore, flintlock, .69 caliber muzzleloader) was the first official shoulder-firearm to use standardized interchangeable parts]

SMU :
Special Mission Unit, also known as Special Operations Force (SOF); see SNAKE-EATER, CANDY BAR, STAY BEHIND, RT, RRF, TRICK, UW, SPECIAL OPERATIONS, LIGHT, FIRE BRIGADE, STRIKE FORCE.

SMUGGLER'S TRAP :
a compartment or well aboard ship, usually concealed, that's used to hide transported CONTRABAND, from munitions to medicines, including persons, so as to avoid confiscation or taxation; being a temporary stash, hidey-hole, or hideaway, wherein 'trap' derives from "suitcase" and not "contrivance". See GLORY HOLE, CACHE, HIDE, BOLT HOLE, DUMP, DEPOT.

SN / S/N :
SERVICE NUMBER or SERIAL NUMBER (qqv).

SNAFU :
literally "Situation Normal All Fucked Up", or more euphemistically as "... all fouled up"; see PVT SNAFU, FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA. [nb: The Three Brothers, a 1944 U.S. Army animated short film that was directed by Friz Freleng, portrays a character named Fubar as being the brother of Privates Snafu and Tarfu; v: Situation Normal by Arthur Miller (1944)]

THE SNAFU DIVISION :
an ironic designation given by its own unit members to the disorganized assemblage that was initially scattered during the German counteroffensive into southeastern Belgium, which became known as the "Battle of the Bulge" (1944); it comprised elements of the 28th Infantry Division, 10th Armor Division, and the 705th Tank Destroyer Battalion, later augmented by the 7th Armor Division and 101st Airborne Division.

SNAKE :
short for Snake-Eye bombs used for close air support (CAS), as in SNAKES 'n' NAPES; see IRON BOMB, FAE, CBU, GBU. Also, slang for the BANGALORE TORPEDO. Also, slang for the AH-1 COBRA helicopter GUNSHIP; see SEA COBRA. Also, any one of the limbless, elongated, scaly reptiles INDIGenous to southeast Asia, which is presumed venomous until proven otherwise, such as banded KRAIT, hooded cobra, bamboo viper, Russell's viper, and the like.

SNAKE-EATER :
nickname for SOF members, especially US Navy SEAL and US Army SPECIAL FORCES, based upon their extensive survival training. [nb: contrary to popular belief, snake meat does not taste "almost like chicken" ... it tastes like snake! ... and neither does frog or lizard, alligator or monkey]

SNAKE PIT :
metaphoric representation of torment and suffering, as an ordeal or tribulation, also known as "viper's nest"; from the historic method, in both Dark Ages Europe and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period of China, of imposing capital punishment upon the condemned by innumerable snakebites. Also, an intensely chaotic or disagreeable site or situation, especially an inhumane institution or organization; from the squalid mental hospital in a 1946 novel of the same title by Mary Jane Ward. Also, a so named subterranean pit in the Oracle Room at Delphi was probably used as a place to seek altered states of consciousness or to induce dreams and visions, brought on by snake bite venom or other toxins.

SNAKE SKIN :
a tube, formerly made of livestock intestines, concealed or secreted on (or within) the body (often wrapped around a limb or torso) for smuggling CONTRABAND, as booze or drugs onto a military vehicle, craft, vessel, or installation; sometimes shortened to just "snake" or "skin". See HOOCH, POGY BAIT.

SNAKES 'n' NAPES :
the typical mix of fighter aircraft ordnance that's generally suited for any close air support (CAS) battlefield mission against maneuvering or dug-in enemy personnel; selection comprises high-drag NAPALM and IRON BOMBs.

SNAKING :
netting stretched between the BULWARK and LIFELINE, or between the GUNWALE and footrope on a vessel to prevent objects (including people during storms) from falling overboard; see BOARD, TOE RAIL, NET.

SNAP-IN / SNAPPING-IN :
Marine expression for either the DRY FIRE familiarization of SMALL ARMS or the ZERO calibration of sights on a firearm or gun by the adjustment of elevation and windage; see BASS, BORESIGHT, DEFLECTION, BULL'S-EYE, SIGHT PICTURE.

SNAP-LINK :
traditional oval carabiner
snap-link
an oval or D-shaped metallic ring with a spring-catch gate opening on one side, as used for fastening and RAPPELLING; formally known as a "carabiner" or informally as a "biner". Derived from the "snap-hook" used to attach a rifle sling to its swivel mount [cf: karabinerhaken / carbineer / carabineer / carabiniere]. See BELAY, McGUIRE RIG, STABO, SLING, STACKING SWIVEL. [v: Climbing Terms]

SNAP ROLL :
a controlled aerial maneuver in which an airplane rapidly and completely revolves around its longitudinal axis while continuing in level forward flight. Compare SPIN; see VICTORY ROLL, AEROBATICS.

SNATCH :
special prisoner capture mission for developing specific INTEL, also called "Snatch 'n' Grab", "Catch 'n' Snatch", "Snag 'n' Bag", "Bag 'n' Shag", "Grab 'n' Go", or "Bag Job"; not to be confused with (BRIGHT LIGHT) prisoner rescue mission. See PACKAGE, TONGUE, POW, SRI, I&R, RECON; compare PANTY RAID, GOO, NET, BRACELET. [nb: the 5 S's of prisoner handling include: Search, Silence, Segregate, Safeguard, Speed; in that a prisoner and his intelligence value must be protected against escape, injury, and collusion, which means evacuating the captive(s) while the primary mission continues] [nb: The plight of captives has been problematic throughout military history, and the rules of warfare have regulated interrogations, but the concept of deliberately capturing enemy soldiers for information is fairly modern. Prisoner SNATCHES (called "seine hauling") were first practiced by squads from the 18th North Carolina Infantry, under the direction of CSA Major Thomas J. Wooten, during the American CIVIL WAR; and was perfected by special units (Rangers, Raiders, Commandos, SOE and OSS agents) during WWII. CCRAK and JACK teams and elements from Airborne-Ranger Companies performed SNATCH missions during the KOREAN WAR, as LRRP and SOG teams did in and around Vietnam during the Second Indochina War.] Also, vulgar reference to female genitalia as metanym for sex or for a woman as a sexual object; see STRANGE, HAPPY VALLEY, SPLIT, CAMP FOLLOWER, CAMPAIGN WIFE, RUNTS 'n' CUNTS, BITCH, SKIRT. [v: Hottentot apron, Nez Percé plucked pubes (glabrous), Yakima thong, and Arabic nymphotomy, labial excision, or clitoral circumcision]

SNEAKY PETES :
nickname for US Army Special Forces or Rangers; see PEEPERS.

SNIPE :
Navy slang for an enlisted man (EM) in the engineering crew or section; originally designated a fireman that later became a mechanical engineer. See MECH, BLACK GANG; compare CE, ENGR, SEABEES, CHIPS, PRIME BEEF, SMART, SAPPER.

THE SNIPE :
Navy slang for the Chief Engineer aboard ship.

SNIPE HUNT :
a form of teasing or mild harassment indulged by DINOSAURs and OLD SALTs upon a novice or tyro consisting of a request that a nonexistent substance be obtained or attended; such "scavenger hunts" are educational, and are never performed during a genuine crisis. Specimen SNIPE HUNT substances or objectives include: "left-handed monkey wrench", "elbow grease", "golden rivet", "skyhook", "PAD EYE cleaner", "PAD EYE remover", "chem light batteries", "[shot] GROUP TIGHTENER", "grid squares", "flight line", "striped paint", "relative bearing grease", "mail buoy", "keys to (JEEP, TRUCK, TANK, BOAT, BIRD, etc)", "bucket of STACK GAS", PROP WASH. Compare MERMAID, DRAGON, GREMLIN, FIFINELLA, BUG, DISGRONIFICATOR, PLAN B, SEAT OF THE PANTS, PHANTOM OPERATIONS, MURPHY'S LAW. [nb: monkey wrench is eponymously derived from Charles Moncky]

SNIPER / SCOUT-SNIPER :
Vietnam-era M-21 sniper rifle
M-21 sniper rifle
using a HIDE or blind, and an observer (serving as rear guard, range estimator, target spotter, shooting coach, and assistant gunner), a specially trained marksman, using match AMMO fired by a scope-mounted LONG RIFLE [typically the M-14 (XM-21), but custom models (eg: M-24 Remington 700 7.62mm/.308 caliber) were also used, including a once experimental .50 caliber (Barrett's M-82A1 rifle at 57"L) for distances exceeding 2000 yds], directed to target influential or ranking enemy personnel. While the objective in some cases is the DECAPITATION of leaders during the confusion of battle to cause disorder, the SNIPER's primary objective is to demoralize the enemy by demonstrating their vulnerability and targeting their skilled specialists (such as medics, EOD engineers, RTOs, chaplains, CA advisors, and the like). Also known as SHARPSHOOTER and "free-shooter". Sniper motto: one shot, one kill; unofficial slogan: "You can run but you'll just die tired!", also expressed as "If you run, then you hit the bullet; if you don't run, then the bullet hits you!" [v: YOU CAN RUN BUT ...]. Sniper kill ratio: 1.3 rounds per kill; contrasted with conventional ratio of about 20,000 rounds per kill. Sniper math: with the ability to shoot only once at a rapidly moving vehicle containing an enemy general, colonel, major, and sergeant; a sniper will kill the vehicle driver, so the resulting accident will kill all the others! See SPOTTER, LONG RIFLE, HIDE, GILLIE SUIT, SASS, BUSHMASTER, STROLLER, SHADOW WARRIOR, RANGER, SOF, UW.

SNIPER'S TRIANGLE :
informal designation for the lethal target area or KILL ZONE on an individual subject that is the preferred AIMPOINT of a SNIPER or other long range shooter; given the numerous variables in such marksmanship, this target area is a circumstantial ideal that's rarely encountered in real situations. Depending upon the doctrine proliferated at various times by various schools, the target area is either a thorax or a head/neck shot. Those who propound the upper torso (ie: from the cricoid cartilage to pectorals, or Adam's apple to both nipples) argue that it's a larger target than a head shot and contains more vital organs (eg: lungs, trachea, esophagus, heart, subclavian and pulmonary arteries, or spine); which is countered by the fact that this area is often protected by body armor. The head and neck triangle, drawn from the eyes to the base of the throat, is difficult to protect but also difficult to hit. An inclusive triangle has been drawn from the brow ridge above the eyes down to the rib juncture at the sternum's xiphoid, which is the logical target for any tactical situation. An alternative to this shooting philosophy, as used by some special operations and shock troops, substitutes massive firepower for precision, whether grazing or patterned fire; either practice will succeed if initiated aggressively and without warning. See BULL'S-EYE, DEFLECTION; compare MARCHING FIRE, RUNNING FIRE, DOUBLE TAP.

SNIVEL GEAR :
all non-essential (CLASS SIX) ancillary items that make military service more comfortable and tolerable, often purchased for unit members with non-appropriated (SLUSH FUND) monies; these "nice to have" items include privately purchased products as well as "goodies" sent by loved ones at home, and run the gamut from "comfort food" and games to reading matter and sports equipment. In the post-Vietnam era, such CREATURE COMFORTS have expanded to include computer games and internet access.

SNOOPER :
slang for someone performing reconnaissance or surveillance; see RECON, RECONDO, LRP, LRRP, HAWKS, FORCE RECON, STINGRAY, I&R, SRI, PANTY RAID, LRSP, WATCHER, TRAIL WATCHER, ARGUS, BIRD DOG, WEATHER EYE, TELLTALE, PECKER TRACKS, TRACE, PEEPERS.

SNOOP 'n' POOP :
slang for offensive SEARCH AND DESTROY missions by Marines.

SNOOPY :
an aerial "bait and hammer" operation flown by two helicopters; one flying low and slow ("Snoopy") at tree-top level to draw fire from concealed positions, and the other observing the source of fire for rapid and decisive counterattack. Compare FIREFLY. Also, an aerial mission to detect the presence of humans with sophisticated electro-chemical devices (PEOPLE SNIFFER), which survey INTEL is then reported to ground forces for action.

SNORKEL :
an artificial device enabling an oxygen exchange system to function while submersed, as the engine of a SUBMARINE or TRACK, or for a free-dive swimmer without a reserve air supply; although hollow reeds have historically been used since ancient times for this technique, and Leonardo daVinci designed the first manufactured device, this term derives from WWII German usage, "schnorchel"; also called "hot pipe" or "hot piping". See SNORT, GUPPY, TANGO BOAT; compare HARD HAT, SCUBA. [v: Diving Terms]

SNORT :
to SNORKEL, especially when used to charge the batteries on a diesel BOAT; an inlet/exhaust oxygen exchange process; also called "hot pipe" or "hot piping". See GUPPY, SUBMARINE, TANGO BOAT, TANK, TRACK; compare HARD HAT, SCUBA.

SNOTTY :
an officer CADET or midshipman aboard a training vessel; also spelled "snottie"; see DOGSBODY.

SNOW :
excuses or STATIC, as deception instead of performance, as flattery instead of truth; also known as a "snow job", "lip service", "word music", or other rigmarole. See BLOW SMOKE, CONFETTI, WASHINGTON WALTZ, WOOF, HOT AIR, MOTOR MOUTH, TALK TRASH, VERBAL DIARRHEA, GODDAM, BRAVO SIERRA; compare SNOWFLAKE. [nb: 'hooey', allegedly an Americanism used as an interjection for nonsense or tripe, is actually a corruption of the Russian vulgarity ("khuy") for penis, and is commonly used alone (eg: dick, dickhead, dick-wad) or in phrases (eg: dumber than dick; he doesn't know dick; don't dick around; don't stir your tea with your dick)] [cf: migration of "putz" from shine through ornament to penis and dolt; as sexual lure] [v: lucky stiff]

SNOWBALL :
the proverbial object without a chance in Hell of success or survival; improbability or impossibility; see DOG'S CHANCE, PRAYER, CANNON FODDER, WASTED, CHECK OUT, RAT RACE, SUICIDE SQUAD, SPEARHEAD, DIDDLY, DEEP SHIT, BITTER END, FIGHT LIKE KILKENNY CATS, PYRRHIC VICTORY, BELL THE CAT. [v: enfants perdus, forlorn hope; cf: "when hell freezes over", "when pigs fly", "when frogs grow hair", "when pigs whistle", "when fish climb trees", "when chickens have teeth", "when the sun rises in the west", "in a month of Sundays", "in a blue moon", "when there're three Saturdays in every week", "not in this lifetime", "not a chance"]

SNOWBIRD :
any CASUAL or TRANSIENT eligible for DETAIL, such as MIL-PERS reporting early to their next duty assignment; probable derivation from habit of SNOWBIRDs (Juncos) to forage energetically before a storm.

SNOWDROP :
appellation from the distinctive white HEADGEAR (ie: cap cover or helmet) worn by Army Military Police (MP). See CHROME-DOME, WHITE MICE, POLICE.

SNOWFLAKE :
slang for a memorandum or rigmarole memo issued by MILICRATs in a CYA or RED-TAPE setting, such as a HEADSHED or TOC; so named due to similarity of resemblance, as many small separate pieces of white paper (each one distinctive and unique) silently drift down from some remote elevation to disrupt and inundate, as in a blizzard of notes. See MR, TICKLER, RBI, REPORT, ANNEX, MANIFOLD SET, PAPER BULLET, SNOW, FILE 13, PENCIL PUSHER, RAPPORTEUR. [v: dossier; cf: bout de papier, aide-memoire]

SNOWSHOE :
snowshoe motif of 30th Infantry shoulder patch
30th Infantry
basketlike footgear that's worn when walking on deep snow to prevent sinking (ie: postholing); constructed of a lightweight (eg: wood, metal, plastic) frame ranging from one- to six-feet in length in various shapes (eg: round, oval, triangular, oblong) that's strung with a tough openwork mesh and attached at a central crossbar. Although the AmerIndians elaborated the basic "racket" shaped SNOWSHOE, it's been used extensively by GUERRILLA forces in the last three centuries, and is still used by MIL-PERS in remote areas, especially where noise or fuel are tactical considerations. Compare IRON DOG, WEASEL, K-9, SCOUT DOG; see MOUNTAINEER, WINTER WARRIOR. [nb: the snowshoe and ski, known from cave drawings to exist before 6000BC, antedates the invention of the wheel (ca3500BC)] [nb: Eskimo allegedly derived from "eater of raw meat", but was actually transferred from Micmac (Esqimawe) with the meaning 'snowshoe netter']

SNUFFY :
the term Marines use in the same way Army infantrymen are called GRUNTs. The symbolic meaning for Marines is "to snuff it up" because Marines don't grunt under their loads, "to snuff out" the enemy is the mission, and "to be snuffed" is the risk of a small ground force with few supporting assets. The word Marine has been converted into an acronym meaning: Muscles Are Required, Intelligence Not Essential. See GUNNY, 03, GYRENE, CHINA MARINE, SEAGOING MARINE, JARHEAD, HORSE MARINE, THE CROTCH, MAMELUKE SWORD, USMC, GI, ATLAS. [nb: "pongo" is Australian slang for a soldier or Marine, probably after its primary meaning of 'monkey']

SO :
Special Order; see ORDER. Also, abbreviation for SPECIAL OPERATIONS, as first used by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS).

SOAK :
someone who drinks alcoholic beverages to the point of being permeated or saturated, as an imbiber, inebriant, intoxicant; see SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, HOIST, HATCH, HOOCH, DEAD-SOLDIER, BYOB, TOAST, COLORS, JUNK, CAN SA, SMACK, STICK, STONED, TAR.

SOAP CHIPS :
CODENAME for the clandestine introduction of sentimental letters or greeting cards from home, often emphasizing the loneliness and privations endured in patriotic support of the war, with occasional mention of inequities or exceptions, used to depress the morale of troops when planted on equipment or corpses in enemy territory, or when "lost" at campsites or along trails. See PSYOPS, SOG; compare SUGAR REPORT.

SOAR :
the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, nicknamed the NIGHT STALKERS, and sometimes called "the fly-by-night airline"; which was formed as Task Force 158 to execute "Operation Honey Badger" after Operation EAGLE CLAW, then transformed into Task Force 160 as a result of the official inquiry into the failure of Operation EAGLE CLAW, later reformed as 160th Special Operations Aviation Group Airborne (160SOAGAbn), and then expanded into a regiment. [nb: "A good many things go around in the dark besides Santa Claus." by Herbert Hoover (1935)]

SOB STORY :
an elaborate alibi or bathetic excuse, especially one intended to evoke sentiment or designed to arouse sympathy; see WATERWORKS, BLOW SMOKE, SNOW, BLIVET, HALF-ASSED, GOOD ENOUGH FOR GOVERNMENT WORK, NO EXCUSE, BRASS EAR, ZERO TOLERANCE, CHECKING THE DICTIONARY, WIGGLE ROOM, MOTOR MOUTH, TAP-DANCER, FUBIJAR, BROKEN-WING SYNDROME. [nb: obfuscation and obscurantism are widely represented by the military maxim: "Bullshit baffles brains!", sometimes called a "Well sir,..." excuse]

SOC :
Servicemember's Opportunity College, the higher-education extension program for active duty military members, accessed by correspondence and/or after-hours classes on posts and bases around the world; successor to the earlier USAFI (qv). See RE-UP, BOOTSTRAP, CONAP, ACASP, DEP, NESEP, ROTC.

SOCOM :
(sew-kom or so-calm) Special Operations COMmand; compare USSOC, ARSOC; see SPECIAL OPERATIONS, SOF.

SOF :
U.S. Air Force Special Operations Command patch
USAFSOC
Special Operations Forces, also known as Special Mission Unit (SMU); see SNEAKY PETE, SNAKE-EATER, CANDY BAR, STAY BEHIND, RRF, TRICK, UW, THE GREEKS, SPECIAL OPERATIONS, ASYMMETRIC WARFARE GROUP, CJSOTF-AP, SABOTAGE, LIGHT, STRIKE FORCE, FIRE BRIGADE.

SOFA :
Status Of Forces Agreement, being the grant by a host nation to permit the legal authority of the USA to regulate and administer American MIL-PERS serving overseas; making crimes committed by US servicemembers subject to military law (UCMJ) instead of foreign civil or criminal law. While criminal procedures and practices are standardized, and convicts serve their punishment in US facilities, the court is often more severe and strict in its cases due to the need to maintain good foreign relations ... for the privilege of transference must not be seen as exploitative, given the history of double-standards during Colonialism. A summary, distilled and condensed, is printed onto a wallet-sized "SOFA card" that's issued to all MIL-PERS in the affected area. Compare CIVIL AFFAIRS AGREEMENT, DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY. [cf: extraterritoriality]

SOFT TARGET :
any unarmored or unprotected object, mobile or stationary, including troops and vehicles, which does not require special ammunition or specific tactics when attacked; see OBJ, COLLATERAL DAMAGE, MUSHROOM, CIVCAS, RULES OF ENGAGEMENT (ROE), RFZ, NFZ, FREE FIRE ZONE, BDA, SKIN; compare HARDEN, HARD TARGET.

SOG :
unofficial emblem of SOG
unofficial
SOG emblem
the so-called "Studies and Observations Group" as COVER name for the Special Operations Group. Nominally a special MACV interservice project, but actually under the direct control of the Pentagon's JCS. Erroneously identified as "MAC-SOG" or "MACV-SOG". Assigned personnel from all service branches were informally called "SOGgies". Directed by Presidential authority, parallel Vietnamese organizations were Special Exploitation Service (SEPES or SES), Liaison Office (LO), and Strategic Technical Directorate (STD). FOB @ Phu Bai (FOB#1), Kontum (FOB#2, CCC, TF2AE), Khe Sanh (FOB#3), Da Nang (FOB#4, CCN, TF1AE), Ho Nhoc Tao (FOB#5), Ban Me Thout (FOB#6, CCS). C&C: Command and Control, became differentiated into CCN (Command and Control North), CCC (...Central), CCS (...South); being the redesignation for the SOG Forward Operation Bases following consolidation and reorganization in 1967. The "Hatchet Force" and "Recon Team" designations bestowed upon the FOBs were altered to "Exploitation Force" and "Spike Team", which added confusion, such that many references are mixed (eg: new launch site [KhamDuc, DakTo, DucCo] by old FOB#). The RT/ST names at CCN were snakes (eg: RT Asp), at CCC were states (eg: RT Illinois), and at CCS were tools (eg: RT Fork). After June 1970, US-led missions were no longer authorized in Cambodia; after February 1971, US-led missions were no longer authorized in Laos; and effective March 1971, with the rotation of 5th SFGAbn to CONUS, cover assignments for SOG ADVISORs were processed by USARV. See OPLAN 34A, CAS, CSD, CISO, THUNDER TIGER, OSO, NICKEL STEEL, MUSSEL SHOALS, SHINING BRASS, PRAIRIE FIRE, DANIEL BOONE, SALEM HOUSE, EARTH ANGEL, ELDEST SON, SPIN DOWN, CEDAR WALK, PIKE HILL, STRATA, BENSON SILK, PEANUT, SOAP CHIPS, PARADISE ISLAND, SLAM, URGENCY, BORDEN, OODLES, MC, 10, SNATCH, PACKAGE, TONGUE, LEGHORN, SITE 85, ICEX, PRU, PHOENIX, JACK, UNPFK, AWG, CJSOTF-A. Also, abbreviation for the Seat Of Government, being the national capital; see FOGGY BOTTOM, THE G, THE HILL, ALPHABET CITY, THE NATIONAL JOKE FACTORY, OLYMPUS, GREEN ACRES, MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, WASHINGTON WALTZ, UNCLE SAM, MANDARIN, YANKEE.

SOG BOWIE :
SOG bowie knife
SOG bowie
a STERILE knife issued to SOA/5SFGA of a unique design (single-edge, swept-tip, clip-point, clip-back, crossguard, buttcap, stacked leather haft). It was so poorly made that it was converted into an end-of-tour gift with appropriate engraving. It was also presented as a token with certificate to the Honor Graduate of each MACV RECONDO training course. See KNIFE. [v: Knife Terms; The Language of Swordplay]

SOI :
(s-o-i, not "soy") Signal Operating Instructions; the field handbook of classified CALL-SIGNs and protocols, which was often combined with the SSI handbook. The loss or capture of an SOI necessitated that all unit designations change, and a new SOI be distributed. See RADIO, ENCRYPT, KAK, SHACKLE, SCRAMBLE; compare SSI. [v: vade mecum]

SOL :
(s-o-l) abbreviation for the slang expression Shit Outta Luck; see SCREW THE POOCH, FUCKED-UP, SHIT HIT THE FAN, BOHICA, WASTED, BUY THE FARM, PUSHING UP DAISIES, CHECK OUT, DEEP SHIT, BITTER END.

SOLDIER :
a military servicemember (MIL-PERS), especially a skilled Enlisted Man (EM) or Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO); see DOGFACE, GRUNT, GI, BOOT, CRUIT, COMRADE, DOG ROBBER, YARDBIRD, BARRACKS LAWYER, DRONE, GUIDON, BUSHMASTER, OLD BREED, OLD SWEAT, SHAKE 'n' BAKE, BOY WONDER, SHAVETAIL, LIFER, HOMESTEADER, TOUR BABY, COMBAT BUM, HOOAH, GUNG-HO, WETSU, BROWN BOOT, BLACK BOOT, MISTER, SUPER-TROOPER, FUGLEMAN, STRIKER, SENTRY, TOAD, TOY SOLDIER, WARM BODY. [nb: Vietnamese term: Quan Nhan, Quan Si, Quan Linh, Si Tot] [nb: the latest degradation of the word SOLDIER, with the particular meaning of combatant or warrior, is: war fighter; cf: "wight" is a human being, who is defined as such by his ability to fight, hence is someone who's strong and brave in war] Also, a contranym meaning either to loaf while pretending to work (eg: GOLDBRICK, FEATHER MERCHANT, GHOST, REST ON OARS), or to persist steadfastly, as to "soldier on"; with the pejorative sense originating with sailors' complaints about transporting virtual passengers who performed no shipboard chores.

SOLDIER'S BREAKFAST :
a cigarette (GASPER) and a cup of coffee (GI JOE), as recorded by Erich Maria Remarque; see PIGTAIL, FAG, BUTT, STICK, CHOW, BEANS, C-RATIONS, MRE, PIR, LRRP-RATIONS, SOUP, SLOP, WASH, SOS, WAD, IRON RATIONS, STONE SOUP, RATIONS. [cf: "dingo's breakfast" in Australia]

SOLDIER'S MEDAL / SM :
Soldier's medal
SM
the highest non-combat award for heroism, which may be awarded for courageous acts (such as lifesaving) in a combat zone not involving enemy action. Equivalent to Airman's Medal, Coast Guard Medal, Navy and Marine Corps Medal. See V-DEVICE, IMPACT AWARD, GONG.

SONAR :
acronym for SOund NAvigation Ranging, a method of active or passive echolocation for detecting submerged objects; used extensively in WWII, SONAR was invented in 1906 by Lewis Nixon to detect icebergs. Variations include: acoustic-emission technique, aperture synthesis, SIDE-SCAN SONAR, phased array sonar, synthetic aperture sonar, towed array sonar, and upward-looking sonar. The United States Navy awards the "Integrated Undersea Surveillance System Badge" to those sailors who are qualified in SONAR operation and warfare. See SOSUS, UQC, ASDIC, PING JOCKEY, SUBMARINE, compare UWT. [nb: the velocity and distance that sound travels in either air or water depends upon atmospheric pressure, medium temperature, molecular density, and turbulence; such that under equivalent conditions, sound moves faster in salt water than in fresh, faster in fresh water than in air]

SONG :
(shung) Vietnamese for river, such as in Song Be, Song Ha, Song Mao, Song Rai, and the like; see SUOI, IA.

SONIC BOOM :
a loud noise caused by the shock wave generated when an aircraft moves at SUPERSONIC speed through the sound barrier. See MACH, HYPERSONIC, JET PROPULSION, JUICE, BUSTER, BLOWER, AFTERBURNER, FAST MOVER, JET JOCK. [nb: the velocity and distance that sound travels in either air or water depends upon atmospheric pressure, medium temperature, molecular density, and turbulence; such that under equivalent conditions, sound moves faster in salt water than in fresh, faster in fresh water than in air. The audible range of sound wave frequencies for humans is 20 - 20,000 Hz; above which ultrasonic waves may be felt, instead of heard.]

SON TAY :
site (geo: 21 08 36N 105 30 01E; UTM: 48QWJ51933790) of major NVN prison camp for captive allied population; prison nicknamed Camp Hope. Dates US POWs present: 23 May 68 to 14 Jul 70. Originally administered by the Ministry of Public Security (now Ministry of Interior), it was transferred temporarily to PAVN's Enemy Proselyting Department in 1968 to use as a POW camp for Americans. The PAVN returned the installation to the Ministry of Interior in the mid-1990s. Nearby is a famous historic landmark, the 3,000 year old Den Va pagoda, also known as the Cung Dong (eastern palace). Son Tay was the target, after surveillance detected "K" on the camp grounds, of the US POW rescue mission of 21 November 1970, attempted by 15 officers and 82 NCOs, in Joint Contingency Task Group Ivory Coast, with TF-77 and Kingpin. PAVN troops were conducting maneuvers in the Son Tay area shortly before the American raid occurred; so when the raiding party's helicopters landed, some local residents, thinking they were Soviet helicopters, cheered the "practicing PAVN troops" until they realized their mistake, and withdrew to safety in their homes. Subsequent to this rescue attempt, the POWs were consolidated into fewer prisons, and their conditions improved. See POW.

SON TAY RAID :
see HOPE, RAID, TRAIN HARD - FIGHT EASY. [cf: Feb-Mar 1864 Kilpatrick-Dahlgren raid of Union cavalry dispatched to rescue prisoners confined in Richmond; resultantly moved to Andersonville]

SOP :
Standard Operating Procedure, sometimes called Standing Operating Procedure; a set of informal guidelines and practices identifying unit command interpretations of formal regulations. The SOP, which was usually contained in a loose-leaf binder, included a notification list (GAL), points of contact (POC), and procedures for most anticipated contingencies. See CHECKING THE DICTIONARY, SCRIPTURES, TELEPHONE TREE, FROST CALL, CQ, OOD, SDO, JOOD, CDO, SOPA. [v: sop as food at CHOW; sop as bribe at SOUVENIR]

SOPA :
Senior Officer Present Afloat, being the Navy officer responsible for duty assignments of ship's company while in PORT; compare cq, JOOD, OOD, SDO, CDO.

SORRY ABOUT THAT :
see XIN LOI, CHECK IT OUT, FIDO, SHIT HAPPENS, ROTS O' RUCK, AMF. [nb: various phrases have been used by 20th century combatants for protective disassociation from epiphenomena, including: "There it is.", "It don't mean nuthin'.", "Too damn bad.", "Tough shit.", "It ain't nuthin'.", and "It's just a thing."; the latter appears in "The Rescue" by Joseph Conrad (1920)]

SORTIE :
any sudden attack or raid; especially a breakout, as a rapid assault from an enclave against its besiegers. Also, one complete combat operation, from departure to return, as scheduled for ground elements, vessels, or aircraft; compare LIFT, AIR STRIKE.

SOS :
the international abbreviation for "Save Our Ship" or "Save Our Souls", usually broadcast over RADIO or telegraph in morse code, as an international distress call for rescue that replaced the former "Come Quick Danger" or "Come Quick Disaster" (CQD) signal; see MAYDAY, GUARD, PAN, SECURITE, BLIND TRANSMISSION, HAND, CW, PROWORD. [v: Alphabet Codes & Signal Flags] Also, nickname for creamed chipped-beef on toast, or ground hamburger in gravy on toast, commonly called Shit-On-a-Shingle or "same old stuff", which is widely recognized as "mouse droppings in wallpaper paste served over burned bread". Also, derogatory abbreviation for "sack of shit"; see DUD, DEADHEAD, GOLDBRICK, POGUE, LOOSE CANNON, DOUCHE BAG, TURD, FIELD REJECT, SHIT MAGNET, SAD SACK, MAGGOT, SMACK, YARDBIRD. Also, USAF abbreviation for Special Operations Squadron, includes Special Tactical Teams (eg: AIR COMMANDO, PJ); see SOW.

SOSUS :
SOund SUrveillance System, an underwater listening net used to passively detect ships and submarines; this global network registers the range, course, and speed of traffic, with analysis of identified vessels plotted for trajectory of potential targets. See SONAR, ASDIC. [cf: Soviet Oceanic Surveillance System (SOSS)]

SOTA :
Signals / SIGINT Operational Tasking Authority. Also, Stand-Off Target Acquisition. Also, state-of-the-art, the most up-to-date mode or current technology; see DARPA, PEACE DIVIDEND. [nb: adaptations or extensions of technological invention have traditionally passed through three phases: gadget creation, improved accommodation, and streamlined production; or, in other words, from the simple to the complex and on to the simplified]

SOTC :
Special Operations Training Course; see SFQC, SFTG, SWS, SWC&S, SF, SOF, SPECIAL OPERATIONS.

SOUND AND LIGHT SHOW :
also called "light show"; see FIREWORKS, LOOM, WATERWORKS.

SOUND-OFF :
the MIL-SPEAK injunction to speak, to speak louder, to recite, to utter, to identify, or to COUNT-OFF; to elucidate or enumerate, informally expressed as "pop-off".

SOUP :
slang for an EXPLOSIVE mix or compound, especially nitroglycerine, as a form of anything powerful; see COCKTAIL, C-4, HEP, IED, HOT GREASE, HEAVY WATER, YELLOWCAKE. Also, used as a metaphor for being in trouble, more of being "in the soup" rather than mere "hot water"; see STONE SOUP, DUCK SOUP. Also, any mixture or admixture, collection or confusion, as being random or complicated; see ALPHABET SOUP. Also, to generate or develop, as photographic processing in successive baths. Also, slang for adding power or energy, speed or intensity, as to hurry or quicken, to accelerate or animate, to rush or enliven. Also, a liquid food made from a combination of vegetables, seasonings, and often meat or fish, including bouillon, consommé, stock, broth, pot liquor, dal, risotto, julienne, cock-a-leekie, mulligatawny, pepper pot, minestrone, hotchpotch, gumbo, bisque, callaloo, bouillabaisse, billi-bi, chowder, borscht, gazpacho, vichyssoise, purée, pottage, and variously turtle, oxtail, watercress, pea, tomato, noodle, dumpling, knaidel, kreplach, miso, bird's-nest; as derived from dunk, sop, or soak; see BULLY SOUP, WASH, CHOW, BEANS, JUICE, GI JOE, THE DRINK, SOLDIER'S BREAKFAST, IRON RATIONS.

SOUP CAN :
slang for a smoke grenade canister of any color, which have a shorter FUZE than fragmentation (FRAG) or white phosphorous (WP) GRENADEs; See POP SMOKE, MIGHTY MITE, SMOKY BEAR, WATCH MY SMOKE, BRING SMOKE.

SOUTHERN CROSS :
a southern constellation near Centaurus (the Centaur, containing Alpha Centauri), having the form of a cross, which is only visible from the equator and southern hemisphere; this motif was initially integrated into the 1st Marine Division shoulder sleeve insignia (SSI) in December 1942 as a symbol of warfare in the Pacific. See AMERICAL, BATTLE CRY, PATCH, CREST, USMC. [nb: the 1st Mar Div patch, with the word 'Guadalcanal' spelled out on the numeral one, was introduced after the unit had rotated from the Solomons to Australia for replacements and refitment, and this striking insignia on the handsome Marine uniform caught the attention of Aussies returning from the North Africa campaign, so these battle-worn Diggers decided to mock those spiffy Marines (who were sarcastically characterized as "Defenders of Australia", meaning 'home guard', not combatants) by sticking wet toilet paper onto their shoulders bearing the words: 'Suez Canal' ... naturally, many fistfights resulted!]

SOUVENIR :
a token or memento acquired as a relic or TROPHY; an artifact, reminder, remembrancer, keepsake, favor, commemorative, memento mori, memorabilia, sign, insignia, mark, vestige, or TRENCH ART. Also, to give, donate, bestow, as "you souvenir me ...". Has been used in the sense of loot or booty since the American CIVIL WAR, but has acquired the sense of an extorted present (spoils) only after WWII. See CUMSHAW, BEGGING BOWL, WAD, CANDY, SPOILS OF WAR, SHAKEDOWN, JUICE, SLUSH FUND, HARD TIMES TOKEN, SHORT SNORTER, CHALLENGE COIN, BRAGGING RIGHTS, PERSONAL EFFECTS, POWER WALL, SAFE ROOM, EARRING, BRACELET, TATTOO, KHAKI MAFIA, CARPETBAGGERS. [v: primage, handsel]

SOW :
SOG Project 32
SOG 32
Special Operations Wing; includes Special Operations Squadron (SOS) and Special Tactical Teams (eg: AIR COMMANDO, PJ).

SP :
USAF Security Police, also known as Combat Security Police (CSP), or Air Police (AP). Also, abbreviation for Shore Patrol, a rotating duty assignment for sailors in PORT, wearing white webbing and LEGGINGs, "SP" emblazoned helmet and BRASSARD while armed with a night stick, since Marines normally provide all other police functions for the Navy; see MASTER-AT-ARMS, POLICE. Also, Self-Propelled, such as a motorized track driven HOWITZER, including M-52 105mm SP, M-108 105mm SP, M-44 155mm SP, M-109 155mm SP, M-107 175mm SP, DUSTER, SCORPION, SPAT, ONTOS, ; see TOWED, FA, TRACK, HOWITZER, ARTY. [nb: Vietnamese term: Phao Binh Luu Dong, Phao Binh Co Van]

SPACE A :
shortening of Space Available, being the unallocated seats in transport aircraft that may be occupied by STRAP-HANGERs or OFF-DUTY MIL-PERS, retirees or dependents, all of whom are subject to displacement by active duty servicemembers under orders, regardless of RANK; informally known as traveling STANDBY. See AMC, ATC, ATS, MAC, MATS, MASQ, SHORT SNORTER, PAX, DEADHEAD.

SPACED ARMOR :
WWII Russians attempted to prevent the penetration or to reduce the impact of German tank-destroyer fire by draping scavenged inner-spring or wire-spring mattresses on the flanks and turrets of their T-34 tanks, which caused predetonation or deflection of the AT ROCKETs; later, during the few times that NVA PT-76 tanks were used in the VIETNAM WAR, a drape of rubber matting enabled them to advance farther with better effect. American armor experimented with wire-mesh stand-off predetonation methods that also aided concealment by offering numerous points of attachment for camouflage. The stand-off or SPACED ARMOR methods offered more protection than none, but also posed new problems, such as increased noise, delivery complications (especially by AIRDROP), and improved access by enemy infantry. Although some of these same delinquencies would later exist with REACTIVE ARMOR, its improved protection made it preferable. See TRACK, APC, TANK, SPALL, SKIN, UP-ARMOR, HARDEN.

SPAD :
affectionate nickname and sometimes CALL-SIGN of the SKYRAIDER that was so successfully used for Close Air Support (CAS) from WWII to Vietnam; see SANDY, SLOW MOVER.

SPAGHETTI :
a thin hollow tube for insulating bare wire, hence any COMMO line or connection "patch" cord, as antenna cable, LANDLINE, handset or CVC patch cord; see PIGTAIL, COAX. Also, any thin CORD, LINE, or ROPE, such as PARA-CORD; derived from twine ("spago"), originally a long threaded lichen. Also, any disorderly or untidy condition, such as tangled ROPE, imitative of cooked noodles; see LITTER, compare SHIPSHAPE, SQUARED AWAY, STRAC. Also, the decoration (eg: laurel leaves, clouds and lightning) on the visor of service caps worn by flag and field grade officers denoting status, and emblematic of an honorary garland or crown; also known as SCRAMBLED-EGGS or FARTS 'n' DARTS; see BRASS HAT, BILLED CAP, PIP, HEADGEAR, FRUIT SALAD, TRASH, GONG, BAY.

SPAGHETTI CHART :
an informal or slang designation of an administrative or operational structure, such as a flowchart or hierarchical diagram; see TO&E, MTOE, TO.

SPALL :
a chip or splinter, as from broken, split, or chipped stone or metal; especially the fragments broken loose, often in a lethal manner, from the inside of an armored vehicle when the outside is struck by munitions; see REACTIVE ARMOR, SPACED ARMOR. Also, the chipped or broken material used collectively for PITCH or REVETMENT, as a cinder walkway.

SPAM WAR :
short for the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR; also designated "Sp-Am War". [nb: contrary to popular opinion, this is not the name of the world's first food fight!]

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR :
Spanish-American War service medal
War with Spain
service medal
ostensibly sent to protect American lives and interests [v: URGENT FURY] during Cuban riots, the USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor on 15 February 1898, killing 2 officers and 258 crewmembers, which incident, together with the Cuban revolt against Spanish "concentration camps", where more than 100,000 natives died, and "yellow press" publication of diplomatic exchanges over American interference, finally provoked a declaration of war on 20 April, regardless of 10 April concessions. The slogan: "Remember the Maine and to hell with Spain" became the rallying cry of this "splendid little war". On 7 July, over Japanese objections, a joint resolution of Congress annexed Hawaii, which was serving as a Naval station for Pacific operations. Spain began negotiations for an armistice on 26 July while fighting continued until 13 August, and the Treaty of Paris was signed on 10 December 1898, granting Cuba independence. Despite the fact that the Teller Amendment (cf: TONKIN GULF RESOLUTION) prohibited annexation of the "Pearl of the Antilles", Spain cedes Puerto Rico, Guam, Wake, and the Philippines to the United States in settlement. From more than 274,000 members of the Cuban Expeditionary Force, the American death toll was 5462, with the majority being due to yellow fever (YELLOW JACK) and MALARIA; but there were only 379 deaths and 1604 wounded as battle casualties. At the end of this four-month war, the Mmanifest Destiny of American imperialism had suddenly acquired a colonial empire that would become a crushing "white man's burden". [v: "manifest Destiny" was coined by John L. O'Sullivan (1839); "White Man's Burden" was coined by J. Rudyard Kipling (1899)] [nb: "It has been a splendid little war, begun with the highest motives, carried on with magnificent intelligence and spirit, favored by that fortune which loves the brave." by John Milton Hay (27 July 1898 letter to Theodore Roosevelt)] [nb: "Algerism", an eponym for the politico who was probably the worst Secretary of War in American history, became the national byword for bureaucratic sloath, cronyism, and incompetence, becoming a synonym for venality and ineptitude; after Russell A. Alger, attorney and capitalist, Michigan governor and U.S. Senator, CIVIL WAR Major General and Spanish American War Secretary of War] [cf: South African War (Boer War 1899-1902)]

SPAR :
a stout pole, such as a mast, yard, boom, gaff, etc; see YARDARM, STICK, FISH. Also, a principal lateral member of the framework of the wing of an airplane. Also, acronym for a woman serving in the US Coast Guard's Semper Paratus Auxiliary Reserve (SPAR) during WWII, established 23 Nov 1942 until 1946 disbandment; in 1978, all separate women's military service corps were dissolved and female servicemembers were fully integrated into the RANKS; see SKIRT. Also, slang for penis, phallus, PRICK / CU, SHORT ARM, JOYSTICK, STICK, YARDARM, HOT DOG, HOSE, BAYONET, BIRD, DIPPER, POGY BAIT, POGUE, and the like; compare LITTLE PRICK, ONIONS.

SPARROW :
designation for the semi-active RADAR-homing AIM-7 Air-to-Air MISSILE (AAM); succeeded by AMRAAM.

SPARTAN :
acronym for Special Proficiency At Rugged Training And Nation-building; being the civic action (CA) project assigned to 5th, 1st, and 7th SPECIAL FORCES Groups during the military downsizing after the VIETNAM WAR. This project extended the urban mainstream efforts of the Eisenhower era in combination with Kennedy era domestic PEACE CORPS (ie: Volunteers In Service To America / VISTA) by improving public health and public works on AmerIndian reservations in Florida, Arizona, and Montana. The education and construction operations, including clinics, that reinforced Native American folkways fulfilled the cross-cultural role of SF, and facilitated a stable transition for units recently withdrawn from combat. At a time when units were disbanded, funds were restricted, and facilities were closing, such CCC-type "make-work" projects kept military skills active while staying "out of sight and out of mind" of governmental economizers. Also, designation for a nuclear surface-to-air guided missile (SAM), formerly deployed as part of the safeguard ballistic missile defense weapon system; designed to intercept strategic ballistic reentry vehicles in the exoatmosphere.

SPAT :
USMC 90mm Self-Propelled Anti-Tank gun, see SP.

SPC / SP4 / SPEC :
Specialist E-4 rating
SPC / SP4
abbreviation for Specialist, formerly a technical RATING from SP-4 to SP-9 but now only equivalent to Corporal (E-4), and commonly known as BIRD UMBRELLA or "eagle fan"; like Warrant Officers (WO), Specialists have no leadership position in the CHAIN-OF-COMMAND succession (that is, in a FIREFIGHT, when their NCOs are out-of-action, an E-4 medic is subordinate to an E-3 rifleman). [nb: before and during WWII, technical proficiency RATINGs were indicated by the addition of ROCKERs below one or two chevrons (eg: 4 ROCKERs under 1 MOSQUITO WING) which increased responsibility without increasing authority, and increased pay without increasing RANK; not to be confused with the "technician class" (T-1 through T-6) RATINGs]

SPEAR-CHUCKER :
ostensible Marine slang for the BEAN-COUNTERs and MILICRATs, the REMFs and CLERKS 'n' JERKS, or any other CANDY-ASSed PUKEs who remotely direct hazardous operations from a safe desk in a BASE area; term is supposedly derived from the practice of giving the shaft to the SNUFFYs forming the SPEARHEAD; also called DOGSBODY, functionary, ORDERLY, factotum, AIDE, assistant, comprador, MAN FRIDAY, horse-holder, shield-bearer, spear-carrier, water-hauler, stamp-licker, DUMMY, jack-of-all-trades, drudge, foil, pawn, dupe/doupe, GOFER. Also, a racial slur or ethnic derogation that disparages BLACK people; a bigoted stereotype considered crude and offensive, even in jest. [nb: the ancestors of all peoples used spears; cf: javelin, pike, polearm, poleax/poleaxe, partisan, assegai/assagai, lance, harpoon, trident, leister, gig, pigsticker, truncheon; v: atlatl, woomera]

SPEARHEAD :
3rd Armored Division patch
3rd Arm Div
any contingent or force that leads an attack, assault, or other undertaking, being the advance element of an operation; the van or vanguard, storming force or shock troops; also known as "hammerhead" or "hammer's head". Historic reference is made to the "God belonging squadron" of the "pre-doomed" in the Mongolian army of Genghis Khan, the primi ordines ("De Bello Gallico") of Caesar, and later as stormtroopers ("sturmabteilung") of Imperial and Nazi Germany. See POINT, RANGER, SUICIDE SQUAD, PATHFINDER, SENTRY, JUDAS GOAT, RAT RACE, SNOWBALL, DIDDLY, CANNON FODDER, WASTED, BITTER END, BELL THE CAT. [v: enfants perdus, forlorn hope; cf: picket, vedette] [nb: "Whenever there is fighting to be done, the keenest spirits should be appointed to serve in the front ranks, both in order to strengthen the resolution of our own men and to demoralize the enemy." by Chang Yu] Also, the apical point of any shafted weapon. Also, the BATTLE CRY of the Army's 3rd Armored Division.

SPECIAL FORCES :
regimental emblem of U.S. Army Special Forces
SF Rgt
U.S. Army Special Forces (USSF / SF); soldiers are known as "Special Forcemen" or "SFers", but nicknamed GREEN BERETs, SNEAKY PETEs, or SNAKE-EATERs, and their missions are known as "Science Fiction". Special Forces originated on 11 June 1952, its distinctive insignia was authorized on 8 July 1960, its Q-TAB authorized in 1984, and its separate branch in 1987. Composed of personnel with CROSS-TRAINING in basic and specialized military skills, they were organized into small multiple-purpose detachments with the mission to train, organize, supply, and direct INDIGenous forces in guerrilla warfare, unconventional warfare , and to conduct counterinsurgency operations. USSF personnel infiltrate into or out of a partisan area by land, sea, or air; or operate indefinitely as a STAY BEHIND force. The 10th Special Forces Group Airborne (10th SFGA) was organized at Fort Bragg on 19 June 1952 by Aaron Bank; then, after the abortive uprising in East Germany, half of the 10th Group was deployed to Bad Tolz on 11 November 1953, with the remainder redesignated as the 77th Special Forces Group. Sixteen members of the 77th Group were separated on 1 April 1956 to form the 14th Special Forces Operational Detachment (14th SFOD), and were deployed that summer to Thailand, Vietnam, and Taiwan. The 12th, 13th, and 16th SFODs quickly followed in deployments to the Far East, and were shortly combined into the 8231st Army Special Operations Detachment (8231st ASOD). On 17 June 1957, the 14th and 8231st detachments were united into the 1st Special Forces Group, stationed at Okinawa and responsible for operations in the Asian/Pacific theater. On 6 June 1960, the 77th SFGA was redesignated as the 7th Special Forces Group; then on (15 Apr 1960?) 21 Sept 1961, the 5th Special Forces Group was activated; followed by the 8th SFGA on 1 April 1963, the 6th SFGA on 1 May 1963, and the 3rd SFGA on 5 December 1963. The 77th/7th SFGA and 1st SFGA sent Mobile Training Teams (MTT) to INDOCHINA for TDY tours until Operation SWITCHBACK, commencing November 1963, transferred many CIA projects to military control, then activating Special Forces Vietnam Provisional (SFV/P) in September 1964. When 5th Group was deployed in February 1965, all temporary and provisional elements were subsumed; although cooperation with 46th SF Co and 1st SFGA continued throughout the VIETNAM WAR. 5th Group Headquarters (SFOB) were setup in Nha Trang, then organized into A-/B-/C-Teams, and the GREEKS under Special Operations Augmentation (SOA). In a return to CONUS, the USSF departed RVN on 5 March 1971, and were assigned the low-profile SPARTAN project. When the USSF departed, their COUNTERPART Vietnamese organization, known as Luc Luong Dac Biet (LLDB, VNSF), or derogatorily as "Look Long Duck Back", were disbanded, with their assets and personnel assigned to the Vietnamese AIRBORNE or RANGERs (BDQ). During the post-VN downsizing (RIF, PEACE DIVIDEND), there was an effort to disband Special Forces, but the regiment was only reduced to four active(1SFGA, 5SFGA, 7SFGA, 10SFGA) and three reserve (11SFGA, 19SFGA, 20SFGA) Groups. After the equipment failures and the aircraft collision at Desert One FOB during EAGLE CLAW, the SF regiment was reformed under the Special Operations Command (SOCOM) and the Special Operations Aviation Regiment (SOAR) was activated. See SNEAKY PETE, SNAKE-EATER, BLANKET HEAD, GREEN BERET, ELECTRIC BUTTERKNIFE, BRONZE BRUCE, GABRIEL, ROBIN SAGE, SFQC, THE GREEKS, ODA, A TEAM, ODB, B TEAM, ODC, C TEAM, SFOD, SFOB, SFG, DOOR KICKING, DELTA FORCE, JSOC, ARSOC, SOCOM, USSOC, SOF, SPECIAL OPERATIONS. [nb: The Rangers of World War II and Korea had been designed as light-infantry shock troops; their mission was to hit hard, hit fast, then get out so larger and more heavily armed units could follow through. Special Forces, on the other hand, were designed to spend months, even years, deep within hostile territory. They would have to be self-sustaining, without extensive resupply from the outside. They would have to speak the language and know the customs of their target area.] [nb: six A TEAMs or ODAs comprise a company (CO), three SF Companies comprise a battalion (BN), and four SF Battalions comprise a group (effective 2007); each active duty SF Group specializes in the languages and cultures of a particular region (ie: 1st SFGA in East Asia; 3rd SFGA in Africa, Mid-East, and Central Asia; 5th SFGA in Mid-East and Central Asia; 7th SFGA in South America; and 10th SFGA in Europe)]

SPECIAL OPERATIONS :
U.S. Special Operations Command
USSOC
Special Operations Command
SOCOM
general classification for unconventional warfare programs or elite forces projects, such as LRRP, I&R, RANGER, FORCE RECON, PHOENIX, UNPFK / UNPIK (CCRAK), JACK, SOG, or THE GREEKS; sometimes subcategorized as "white" for instruction or humanitarian service and "black" for clandestine surveillance or direct action. Specimen organizations include Air force Special Operations (USAFSOC), Naval Special Warfare Group (NSWG), Naval Special Warfare Development Group (SEAL Team 6), ASYMMETRIC WARFARE GROUP (AWG), Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force - Arabian Peninsula (CJSOTF-AP), 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment - Delta (DELTA FORCE), Special Operations Command (SOCOM), Army Special Operations Command (ARSOC), Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), United States Special Operations Command (USSOC). Troops trained and designated for such programs or projects are generally called "operators", and serve in a Special Operations Force (SOF) or a Special Mission Unit (SMU). USSOCOM, in order to standardize and selectively engage worldwide targets, is supplanting the Security Assistance Force (SAF), specialized by regions, with "global expeditionary forces", which would be amalgamated uniform elements of the SOF concept directly under branch control, obviating interveneing levels of command and control, imitative of the STOVEPIPE allocation with SOG and JSOC assets. See DOOR KICKING, DOUBLE TAP, AT CLOSE QUARTERS, DA, UW, PSYOPS, CA, FID. [nb: without degrading the Marine Corps' primary expeditionary role, it has begun exploring ways and means of involvement without redundancy in special operations missions, given the tenor of counter-guerrilla operations in the prevailing atmosphere of low-intensity conflicts] [nb: purportedly, the military uses the term "joint" (to join) to indicate two or more elements from the same service or nation, and the term "combined" (by twos) to indicate two or more interservice or international elements, hence a "joint action" might involve the Army and Navy, while a "combined action" might involve the US and UK; additionally, the term "composite" (put together) indicates a compound of disparate elements forming a whole, while the term "component" (put together) indicates constituent elements of a greater whole]

SPECTRE :
Lockheed-Martin-Marietta AC-130 GUNSHIP with four 7.62mm MINIGUNs and four 20-mm cannons (or two 40-mm cannons), or 105mm HOWITZER on-board for aerial support of ground action; successor to AC-47 PUFF / DRAGON / SPOOKY gunship. The DAKOTA had only a port-side door, but the HERKY BIRD still flies the same left-hand pattern, using enhanced night detection and navigation devices. SPECTRE motto is "Death waits in the Dark"; name is sometimes misspelled "Specter".

SPEED BUMP :
dismissive euphemism for an Iraqi fortification during the GULF WAR; by extension from the rounded pavement ridges used to selectively restrict vehicular acceleration.

SPEEDY :
a squared-away and highly motivated soldier; often used sarcastically when a Soldier is motivated but doesn't really know what he's doing; also known as "high speed" or "low drag". See BOY WONDER, HOT DOG, TAP-DANCER; compare HARD CHARGER, FAST MOVER, BOOMER, HARD-ASS, BALLS TO THE WALL, SWEAT HOG, HOT SHOT, GOLDEN BOY, SUPER-TROOPER, FUGLEMAN.

SPERM :
Marine light observation helicopter; see LOH, CHOPPER. [nb: the most common misnomer for seminal emission, semen or ejaculate, cream or gravy, jism or cum; v: SPUNK, PECKER TRACKS, FIRING LINE, ONIONS, MACHO]

SPIDER HOLE :
a one-man fighting position, dug-in and camouflaged, usually temporary; see FOXHOLE, HASTY TRENCH, BUNKER, E-TOOL. Also, a one-man position, used for surveillance or fighting by insurgents or guerrillas, often connected to another hole or a tunnel network. Called a MOUSE HOLE when situated in urban terrain. [v: Military Earthworks Terms]

SPIKE :
to impale or pierce, as with a BAYONET. Also, to fix or secure, as a "spike camp"; see RON, LAAGER, COLD CAMP, NDP [cf: line camp]. Also, to disable or disarm, as when destroying a breechloading gun. Also, to thwart or supress, as a "spike team" [v: SOG].

SPILL THE GROCERIES :
slang for a severe or gaping abdominal wound, especially when the intestines protrude, or are otherwise exposed; see COMPRESS, SYRETTE, BLOOD EXPANDER, DOG BITE, MED BAG. [nb: not to be confused with "spill his guts", meaning to reveal everything; cf: gutt, disembowel, eviscerate]

SPIN :
the sudden nose-down descent of an aircraft in a spiral path; also called "tailspin". When an airplane revolves about its horizontal axis or rotates around an imaginary line in an uncontrolled descent, usually as a result of inexperience, especially during or after a STALL. Compare SNAP ROLL; see AEROBATICS.

SPIN DOWN :
operational COVER name for the CHOKE POINT road block implemented by a SOG "Hatchet" / "Exploitation Force" to prevent cross-border support for the 3 March 1969 attack on BenHet. [nb: this road block for BenHet prevented a re-play of the DakTo and LangVei battles, since enemy PT-76 armor INTEL was heeded, and enemy resupply was inhibited; this operation was the only successful road block of the HO CHI MINH TRAIL during the VIETNAM WAR]

SPINNER :
a streamlined FAIRING over a propeller hub; see COWLING, NOSE.

SPIRIT :
Northrop-Grumman B-2 "stealth" bomber aircraft; see BIRD.

SPIT 'n' POLISH :
slang for shine, spitshine, polish, clean thoroughly; to make spick-and-span or STRAC. It's an established tenet of combat arms that real soldiers are more spit than polish; a MURPHY LAW of Combat states that "No combat ready unit has ever passed inspection, and no inspection ready unit has ever passed combat!".

SPLASH :
in naval gunfire and artillery support, a verbal warning sent to an observer (FO / ANGLICO) or SPOTTER of the impending (approximately five seconds) impact of a round or SALVO; compare TOT, SHOT OUT, see SCRAM. Also, the visually verified or RADAR confirmed destruction of an aerial target (ie: BANDIT, MISSILE), especially to knock-down, shoot-down , or force out of the air, as onto the surface or into the water (eg: FEET WET over THE DRINK); see TALLY-HO, PICKLE, SCRAM, SMOOGE, HIGH 'n' DRY.

SPLASHDOWN :
the landing of a seaplane, amphibious aircraft, or other airborne object (eg: space capsule) on a body of water, especially for discharge or recovery; also spelled "splash-down". See TOUCHDOWN, BOUNCE, LETDOWN, WINDSOCK.

SPLICE THE MAINBRACE :
among sailors, to drink alcoholic beverages; see HOIST, HATCH, GROG, HOOCH, BREW, JUICE, SUNDOWNER, GROUP TIGHTENER, SMOKER, GUSTO, DEAD-SOLDIER, BYOB, TOAST.

SPLINTER SHIELD :
a piece of armor-plate surrounding the protruding barrel(s) of CREW-SERVED WEAPONS, serving as a protective barrier for the gun crew; compare SPONSON, BARBETTE; see RING MOUNT, PINTLE, CUPOLA. Also, any armor-plate or hardened steel barrier added onto a vehicle or craft to protect the driver and passengers while traveling in a combat zone, such as the shoulder-high panels on a JEEP; see UP-ARMOR, HARDEN.

SPLIT :
slang for depart or escape, cut and run or getaway, flee or skip, book or scatter, abscond or GHOST; see E&E, SAFE, SERE, EXFIL, RABBIT, SQUIRTER, BOLT HOLE, SCRAM, CHANGING TUNE, BEAT FEET, CUT AND RUN, BAILOUT, DECAMP, HAUL-ASS, CHOGI, PULL PITCH, SCRAMBLE, DODGE THE BULLET, PASS, SHOVE-OFF, BLUE PETER, FRENCH LEAVE, ETD, ATD. Also, vulgar and derogatory designation of a female servicemember, by synecdochic reference to her genitals; see STRANGE, SNATCH, HAPPY VALLEY, BITCH, RUNTS 'n' CUNTS, SQUEAK, SKIRT, DISTAFF; compare PRICK, CU, ONIONS. [v: Hottentot apron, Nez Percé plucked pubes (glabrous), Yakima thong, and Arabic nymphotomy, labial excision, or clitoral circumcision]

SPLIT-S :
aircraft reversing maneuver so as to quickly depart by rolling inverted and diving back.

SPOILING ATTACK :
a preemptive or interruptive assault upon a staging or deploying enemy, so as to inhibit or forestall execution of enemy plans, gaining the advantage by rapid and superior force. A SPOILING ATTACK intends to catch the enemy "wrong footed", no longer defensive but not yet offensive, so as to exploit their transitional vulnerability. Compare MEETING ENGAGEMENT, AMBUSH, FORCE MULTIPLIER, FIREFIGHT, CONTACT, FRONTAL ASSAULT, BATTLE.

SPOILS OF WAR :
the loot, booty, pillage, or plunder captured in war; being the first method of paying the soldiers and sailors engaged in battle, of compensating the families of those maimed and killed in combat, and of financing military expeditions and expenditures; as such, prize money has not been awarded to Americans since 1899, and not to Brits since WWII. Prize money has been processed by prize commissions under prize law since the end of privateering, but the seizure or destruction of private property has since been subject to compensation (v: appropriation, expropriation, purveyance, preemption), and the personnel involved subject to military justice. See RANSACK, PILLAGE, PLUNDER, ROMAN HOLIDAY, HAVOC, SOUVENIR, FORAGE, COMMANDEER, WARDROOM, CARPETBAGGERS, KHAKI MAFIA, WAR CRIMES TRIAL. [cf: comprador/compradore; v: spoils system, patronage, nepotism] [nb: "to the victor belong the spoils" by William Learned Marcy] [ety: evict/eviction originated as the recovery of property by conquest]

SPONSON :
a structure projecting from the front or side of a vehicle, or the main DECK of a vessel, as a gun support; compare CUPOLA, BLISTER, TURRET, DUSTBIN, BARBETTE, RING MOUNT, PINTLE, SPLINTER SHIELD. [nb: on aircraft, blister is transparent, sponson is not transparent, turret is transparent and rotates]

SPOOK :
slang for any covert or clandestine operative, especially CIA or CIC agents; an operative from related agencies or similar organizations was called a "cousin". See SECRET AGENT, SLEEPER, CRYPTO, MOLE, FIX, RABBIT, ESPIONAGE, TRADECRAFT, PROVOCATEUR, SWEEPER, STOOGE; compare BABY 007, MUSHROOM. [v: intelligencer] Also, a racial slur or ethnic derogation that disparages BLACK people; a bigoted stereotype considered crude and offensive, even in jest.

SPOOKY :
AC-47 aircraft fitted with three 7.62mm MINIGUNs and illumination FLAREs, also called PUFF (the Magic Dragon) or DRAGON. Compare SPECTRE.

SPOOL-UP :
the initial start of a helicopter's main rotor, beginning slow and winding faster to full pitch; also called "wind-up" or "crank-up".

SPOON :
slang for the lever release mechanism on US-made grenades; it vaguely resembles the flat-bottomed angled-handle porcelain spoon that's used in Asia by people who cannot otherwise manage liquid foods; see FRAG, GAMMON GRENADE, GRENADE. Also, the primary eating utensil of field troops, who often dispense with the superfluous fork and knife to save space and weight; see PARTISAN'S SECRET WEAPON, KFS, CHOPSTICK, MESS KIT, COVER. [nb: the small knife ("sgian dubh") that's tucked into the top of the stocking, below the skirt of the kilt, that's typically crafted by frugal Scots from broken weapons or scrap metal, is traditionally used when skinning or eating; it is sometimes called a "black knife", not for any sinister or devious usage, but due to its coarse or inferior metal, which contrasts with the brightly polished finer metal used in weapons]

SPORT HUNTING CLUB :
apocryphal group of "white hunters" on "safari" to "bag" local "game" or "wildlife"; also called "Vietnam Hunt Club", "Southeast Asia Sport Hunting Club", "Viet Cong Hunting Club", and "Native Sport Club". See 72 VIRGINS DATING SERVICE; compare TONKIN GULF YACHT CLUB, PERSIAN GULF YACHT CLUB.

SPOT REPORT :
Submittal for Planning, Operations, and Training; a concise narrative report of essential information covering events or conditions that may have an immediate and significant effect on current planning and operations that is afforded the most expeditious means of transmission consistent with requisite security. See SITREP, SALUTE, MISREP, FRAG REPORT.

SPOTTER :
the observer, target selector, range estimater, shooting coach, rear guard, and assistant gunner on a SNIPER team; the person responsible for coordination and surveillance, and commander of the SNIPER team. Also, concise reference to an aerial observer (eg: FO, FAC) or their aircraft (eg: BIRD DOG, SKYMASTER, CAYUSE, HELIX). Also, any observer or surveiller, such as an "Air Raid Warden" or "coast watcher"; see TRAIL WATCHER, SNOOPER, LRSP, LRRP, RECON, WATCHER, GROUND OBSERVER CORPS, WEFT, PEEPERS, ARGUS, WEATHER EYE, TELLTALE, COIGN OF VANTAGE. Also, the REGISTRATION or MARKER ROUND fired by artillery (ARTY) to be adjusted onto the target; also called "spotter round". Also, an observer stationed for designating targets and to report the results of naval gunfire to the firing agency; and who may be a member of a Naval Gunfire Spotting Team. [nb: US naval gunfire includes a dye-marker to help identify shots during multiple ship engagements, and to help adjust the POINT OF IMPACT by fire observation, which normally takes 8-10 rounds due to calculations of barrel/air temperatures and the moving platform of a ship at sea]

SPOT WELD :
an immovable join of the shooter's cheek to the rifle's stock, as if welded into place, by analogy to a small heat and pressure union that has larger control and greater effect, so as to recover more quickly from the firing RECOIL and effectively re-acquire the target. See BASS, KICK, FIREPOWER, SIGHT PICTURE, PEEP SIGHT, ZERO, TRAIN. [v: Firearms Glossary]

SPRAY :
to shoot on full automatic fire, as "spray 'n' pray"; the kill ratio to expended AMMO during the VIETNAM WAR was about 20,000 rounds per enemy kill. See ROCK 'n' ROLL, HOSE, FLOCK SHOOT, BLIND FIRE, BUSTING CAPS, HAPPY FIRE, MAD MINUTE, MOAN 'n' GROAN, ENFILADE; compare DOUBLE TAP.

SPUNK :
pluck, gumption, spirit, mettle; as derived from semen or ejaculate, "water of the heart" ... being an allegedly great, but extremely inappropriate, compliment to a woman ("That girl's spunky!"), which is the equivalent of "She's got balls!" or "She's got hair on her chest!" as uttered by both sexes; see GUTS, MOXIE; compare ONIONS, MACHO, PECKER TRACKS, FIRING LINE, STRANGE, SPLIT. Also, tinder, touchwood, PUNK; as derived from spark (funk); see SLOW MATCH. The word "spunk", meaning spark or sparkling, has also referred to PUNK and to "mettle", with the implication that readiness becomes courage.

SPUR RIDE :
spur motif of 61st Cavalry shoulder patch
61st Cavalry
the informal induction ceremony whereby new members of both air (AIR CAV) and armored (ACR) cavalry squadrons "earn their spurs" by answering questions on CAV history and lineage, negotiating a land navigation (ORIENTEERING) course, singing of traditional ballads, acting as "mounts" for piggyback rides through an OBSTACLE COURSE, performing selective PT, and drinking (called "wetting down") from their Stetson cavalry hats. Spurs and Stetsons are usually worn at informal gatherings of cavalry unit members, but some commanders have authorized their wear with CLASS-A uniforms for select formations during and after the VIETNAM WAR. See ORDER OF THE SPUR, CAMPAIGN HAT, INITIATION, LONG KNIFE, YELLOWLEG, TOAD, TANKER, STIRRUP CUP.

SPY :
a person employed by a government to secretively or furtively obtain sensitive information or intelligence about another country, with special reference to any hostile military or naval affairs. Also, the act of obtaining confidential information about the plans, activities, methods, or parties of an opposition element or competing organization; see ESPIONAGE, CE, CI, MI, SECRET AGENT, SPOOK, CRYPTO. Also, to be on the lookout; to keep watch; to catch sight of; derived as a variant of espy. Also, to search for something, or to examine something closely or inspect something carefully; descry.

SPYPLANE :
an airplane or aircraft of various configurations (such as SR-71 Blackbird or U-2 Dragon Lady, B-57 Martin or OV-1 Mohawk, P-2 Neptune or P-3 Orion, P-38 Lightning or P-51 Mustang, EP-3 Aries or F-35 Joint Strike Fighter) that's used to secretively or furtively observe the military or naval affairs of an enemy or some other opposition element with hostile intent in the gathering of sensitive information or intelligence. Typically unarmed and camouflaged, these surveillance platforms do not require high performance or stealth characteristics; also being used for border survey and mapping. Also, any platform or vehicle outfitted for such surveillance, such as a satellite (SAT) or SPYSHIP.

SPYSHIP :
a craft or vessel that's used to secretively or furtively observe the military or naval affairs of an enemy or some other opposition element with hostile intent in the gathering of sensitive information or intelligence. Typically unarmed and camouflaged, these surveillance platforms do not require high performance or stealth characteristics; also being used for border survey and mapping. Also, any platform or vehicle outfitted for such surveillance, such as a satellite (SAT) or SPYPLANE.

SQDN :
SQuaDroN; a military unit equivalent to an Army battalion (BN), subordinate to a regiment (RGT); Air Force squadrons are subordinate to a GROUP, and Naval squadrons are subordinate to a FLOTILLA. See HHT, TRP.

SQI :
Skill Qualification Identifier, being a prefix or suffix appended to an individual's MOS indicating their skill level; also known as Additional Skill Identifier (ASI), examples include: 7 prefix for AIRBORNE officers, 3 prefix for SPECIAL FORCES officers, V suffix for AIRBORNE RANGER, S suffix for SPECIAL FORCES, F suffix for PATHFINDER, W suffix for JUMPMASTER, and so forth. See MOS, PMOS, AIT, AFEES, RECEPTION STATION, MEPS, ASVAB, AFQT, AFGCT, Q-COURSE, SFQC, CROSS-TRAINING, OJT, MIL-CRAFT, PRO PAY, DOG TAG, BILLET, BERTH.

SQUAD :
a basic organizational element, usually consisting of two infantry FIRE TEAMs, and commanded by an NCO, called a SQUAD leader; three or four squads normally comprise a platoon (PLT). ARMOR and CAV units often pair or team their TRACKS to form a SQUAD. The HOWITZER or gun and its crew are considered a SQUAD in artillery units. Technical organizations, such as RADAR or COMMO, usually identify their SQUADs as "sections". See STACK, FIRE 'n' MANEUVER, COMMAND ELEMENT. [nb: Vietnamese term: Tieu Doi]

SQUADRON :
a military unit equivalent to an Army battalion (BN), subordinate to a regiment (RGT); Air Force squadrons are subordinate to a GROUP, and Naval squadrons are subordinate to a FLOTILLA; abbreviated SQDN.

SQUARED AWAY :
everything in proper order, fit and ready, trim and tidy; related rhyming slang enjoins timely and prepared conduct with "Be there; be square." See SHIPSHAPE, SPIT 'n' POLISH, STRAC.

SQUARE MEAL :
contrary to the conventional "properly nutritious meal" meaning of this phrase, the military uses it to designate a specific manner of food consumption for particular persons during an early phase of their training so as to impose additional stress and hardship. Leadership trainees, both enlisted and officer, undertake such additional discipline to qualify for advancement in the program, where restrictions will later be lessened. Although details vary from one institution to another, a SQUARE MEAL typically consists of the student being seated on the front half of his chair in a posture of rigid ATTENTION, with one hand in his lap (or on his leg) and the other moving food from his plate (or MESS TRAY) in exact right-angled movements ... without lowering his head or bending his back. Needless to say, little food is consumed, and any food spills that stain his uniform will require a change before the next formation! This systematic "semi-starvation" compels most to cooperate in clandestine POGY BAIT parties, which are, of course, illegal ... and part of the "survival game" that's played between CADRE and CADETs. Some schools head each dining table with an upperclassman, who will not only direct the proceedings, but will also harass each individual with apposite questions. Other training courses make SQUARE MEALs an extension of "squared corners" and "bracing" (BRACE) that's the uniform policy for all candidates enrolled during a particular phase. Compare THREE SQUARES; see CADET, TRADE SCHOOL, CHOW, BEANS, RATIONS.

SQUAT :
an exercise, such as knee-bends or squat-thrust, designed to strengthen the thighs and groin; commonly used as punishment, in the same way as PUSH-UPs, for fully loaded infantrymen or fully packed PARATROOPERs; see DROP, FRONT LEANING REST, JUMPING JACK, PAIN. Also, to crouch or hunker with the legs drawn-up closely to or beneath the body, as to sit on one's haunches or heels; being the most appropriate seated posture whenever furniture is not available to prevent from sitting directly on the ground, which is often dirty or wet, and sometimes contaminated; see TAKE A KNEE, DUCK-WALK, FROGMARCH, LOW-CRAWL. Also, a thing of little or no value, as naught or nothing, rush or zilch, CIPHER or NULLITY, ZIP or ZERO; being a euphemism for DIDDLY, diddly-squat, doodly-squat, diddlyshit, doodly-shit. Also, the minimum amount or degree, as the least bit; diddle, diddlyshit, doodle, doodly-shit. Also, a euphemism for SHIT (qv). Also, the tendency of a motorcraft or vessel to draw more water astern when in motion forward than when stationary or halted.

SQUAWK :
to transmit, or to activate a transponder broadcast; see IFF, WEFT, ELT, INS, HOMER, PIPSQUEAK, PAINT, IR MARKERS, SCRAM, BITCHIN' BETTY, PEANUT, LOCATOR BEACON.

SQUAWK BOX :
slang for a broadcast or intercom system; Compare BLOWER, HORN, PBX, BITCH BOX, TANNOY, 1-MC, TOCSIN, KLAXON; see WARNING ORDER, BOATSWAIN'S PIPE, BUGLE CALL, POOP, HEADS-UP, FYI, STAND-TO, DEFCON, ESP, SACON, GQ, AHOY, HOISE, OORAH, HOOAH, HAUL-ASS, STAT.

SQUEAK :
any informal meeting or casual gathering of female MIL-PERS, characterized by the vocalization of high-pitched inarticulate noise, often capable of shattering glass and cracking enamel, accompanied by an exhibition of graceless paroxysms and other energetic spasms, seemingly spontaneous and ostensibly expressive of uncontrollable pleasure in an unmilitary affirmation of sisterly solidarity, which shortly yields an eye-watering and lung-gasping pother of competing aromas and scents, bewitching and befuddling by turns, enabling their restive mastery ... being a term used since WWII for an entirely frivolous episode designed to embarrass onlookers, discredit authority, and validate their status in the perennial "war of the sexes"; see BITCH, SPLIT, SKIRT, DISTAFF. Also, any sharp or shrill cry or sound, often short, and indicative of distress or stress. Also, an escape from danger, defeat, or death; as a narrow SQUEAK, "close call", or CLOSE SHAVE. Also, to succeed or survive by a very narrow margin, as to "SQUEAK by" or "SQUEAK through".

SQUEEZE :
to obtain INTEL or other information by intimidation, harassment, or threat; being an investigative or interrogation technique, so called by analogy to the primary definition of "to force out, extract, or procure by pressure", which is also the basis of the "squeeze play" sports analogy. Compare ATTITUDE ADJUSTMENT, THIRD DEGREE, SWEAT, FLUTTER, TRADECRAFT, GAUNTLET, FROGMARCH, PAIN, SCAR, BRAINWASHING, TRUTH SERUM, REEDUCATION, TORTURE.

SQUELCH :
the transciever control which reduces or silences STATIC or NOISE; derived from quell; see RADIO, BREAK SQUELCH. Also, to stifle, suppress, quash; see BREAK, EOT, SUPPRESSOR. Also, to make sucking or splashing sounds.

SQUIB :
a small pyrotechnic device, that may be used to fire the igniter in a rocket or for some similar purpose; not to be confused with a detonator that explodes. Also, any explosive that is converted into incandescent or incendiary use. [nb: by definition, an explosion is the sudden burn (combustion) of suitable materials, intensified by containment; v: DEFLAGRATION]

SQUID :
derogatory reference to any sailor; also called SWABBY or ANCHOR CLANKER, "deck ape" or "gob". See GI, DOGFACE, HORSE MARINE, JARHEAD, ZOOMIE.

SQUIRREL GUN :
nickname for the 37mm cannon mounted on early HALF-TRACKs and TANKs, so called because it was so under-powered and ineffective; also known as "squirrel rifle".

SQUIRTER :
slang for anyone who eludes or escapes a CORDON or sweep (eg: SEARCH AND CLEAR, RIF, CHECKERBOARD), whether armed or unarmed, uniformed or civilian; term probably originated as an analogue of SQUIRTS; see DOUBTFULS.

SQUIRTS :
(forthcoming); diarrhea, dysentery, or any other intestinal disorder involving frequent bowel evacuations; also called TROTS, "skidders", or "Green Apple Quick Step". Contrary to popular fiction, enemy contact would temporarily cure (not cause) this condition. See PUCKER FACTOR, CORK, DUMP, SHIT, HONEY BUCKET, TRA CA, SLOP CHUTE, CAT HOLE, HEAD CALL, BLUE CANOE, LATRINE, COMFORT STATION. [nb: diarrhea, with its associated dehydration, is the condition most responsible for human death worldwide]

SQUIRT THE BIRD :
send a BURST transmission to a satellite, as "squirt it to the bird"; see SATCOM, SAT.

SRAC :
Second Regional Assistance Command, including Second Regional Assistance Group (SRAG).

SRI :
designates a Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Intelligence team; or a Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Intelligence mission tasked to an operational element. See I&R, LRSP, SNATCH, PANTY RAID, RECON.

SRP :
Sensor Reporting Post.

SRTA :
Short-Range Training Ammunition, marked with a distinctive blue tip and requiring the use of a replacement training bolt in the rifle, this low-velocity ammunition is suitable for shorter (25m) indoor and restricted outdoor firing ranges, especially during familiarization and quick-fire training. Although SRTA replicates the trajectory of service AMMO, it should not be used to establish ZERO for combat operations.

SRTM :
(S R T M) Shuttle Radar Topography Maping; the first SRTM mission successfully collected Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) data over 80% of the landmass of the earth between 60 degrees north latitude and 56 degrees south latitude in February 2000; which mapping mission was co-sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). The preliminary SRTM data was processed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), whereupon the conformed data was ingested by the Department of Interior's National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), checked for errors, and distributed as digital data products to select entities, such as Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) sent to the USGS's National Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS). Finish protocols are designed to detect artifacts and voids, to fill minor omissions by interpolation, to verify cell consanguinity for image continuity, and to standardize uniform variables (such as bodies of water). See UTM, GPS, INS, AIS, LORAN, TOPO, MAP, COMICS, CHART, GRID LINES, GRID COORDINATES.

SRV :
Submergence Recovery Vehicle, an air-transportable deep-sea SUBMARINE [cf: bathyscape]; see MINISUB, PIGGYBACK, MOTHER SHIP. Also, Socialist Republic of Vietnam, with the country reunified in November 1975 under a newly ratified constitution on 2 July 1976; see NVN, DRV. [nb: the official history of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV) notes that Vietnamese communist forces acted as MERCENARY rebels across the border in southern China so as to monopolize elements of the Kuomintang army, enabling Maoist revolutionaries to elude the remainder, thus preventing a Nationalist Chinese (CHINAT) victory before and after WWII]

SS :
designates U.S. Navy Submersible Ship, also called PIGBOAT, GUPPY, or SUBMARINE. Also, identifies Steam Ship, in contrast with Motor Ship (MS); see USS.

SSAN :
Social Security Account Number. See AFSN, ASSN, SERVICE NUMBER, SSN. Social Security Number

SSB :
Single SideBand; see RADIO WAVE, RADIO.

SSDF :
Secret Self-Defense Forces; see SDF, PSDF, DFS.

SSG :
US Army Staff Sergeant
Army SSG
abbreviation for Staff SerGeant, which is also represented as "SSGT" or "S/Sgt", being grade E-6 between Sergeant (E-5) and Sergeant First Class or Gunnery Sergeant (E-7), and represented by three chevrons above a ROCKER as sleeve rank insignia. See SARGE, BUCK, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, NCO, SUPER GRADE, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

SSI :
(s-s-i, not "sigh") Signal Sending Instructions; the field handbook of classified FREQuencies and stations, which was often combined with the SOI handbook. The loss or capture of an SSI necessitated that all unit designations change, and a new SSI be distributed. See RADIO, SCRAMBLE, FREQ; compare SOI. [v: vade mecum] Also, the abbreviation for Shoulder Sleeve Insignia, which is commonly known as a "shoulder patch" or simply PATCH. The US Army permits individuals to always wear their combat unit PATCHes on their right sleeve, formally known as a "shoulder sleeve insignia-former wartime service" (SSI-FWTS); but all branches recognize the wearing of a unit PATCH on the left sleeve as a current duty assignment. See SANDWICH, SCROLL. [nb: the U.S. Army mandates (AR670-1: Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia) the wear of an American flag patch on each sleeve of the field uniform (ie: ACU, BDU) 0.5" below the shoulder sleeve insignia (SSI), with the patches oriented to the viewer "as if the flag were flying", that is with the starred union forward, which causes the flag on the right sleeve (identified as the 'reverse side flag') to be displayed "backwards" according to the federal flag code; to compound this long-standing (since Bosnia and Kosovo) controversy, the Army is the only service branch doing so, and such wear was not so improperly directed in previous wars (eg: WWII) ... quibbles over a 'patch' not being a 'flying flag' are irrelevant, since the federal flag code cites "depictions" and "representations" in various passages about respectful display; and the Army can be responsive, as when changing the full-color patch to subdued on desert camouflage, but it declines to emend this heraldic error: a sinister imputation of our national symbol]

SSN :
designates U.S. Navy Submersible Ship Nuclear, also called "sewerpipe", BOOMER, or SUBMARINE. Also, the Social Security Number that has been used as the SERVICE NUMBER (eg: AFSN, ASSN, SSAN) for MIL-PERS since the VIETNAM WAR; compare SERIAL NUMBER.

STAB :
SEAL Tactical Assault Boat, being a small fast insertion and extraction watercraft.

STABALLOY :
the class of metallic alloys used in kinetic energy penetrators for armor piercing MUNITIONS. Made from high-density depleted uranium (DU) mixed with other metals, such as titanium or molybdenum. These alloys, containing a byproduct of fission, have low radioactivity that is not considered by DOD to be a significant health hazard.

STABO :
a full-body RAPPEL or EXTRACTION harness integral with WEB GEAR for infantry operations, consisting of D-/V-rings at each shoulder strap for EYE linkage, quick attach/release leg loops, and descender attachment on the waist belt. The STABO system was also compatible with HOT HOIST and SKYHOOK extractions. Invented at the MACV Recondo School by MAJ Robert L. Stevens, CPT John D.H. Knabb, and SFC Clifford L. Roberts in 1968 to remedy the defects of the McGUIRE RIG (qv). The STABO name includes parts of the surnames of its inventors (STevens, knABb, rOberts), but is officially known as "STAbilized Body Operations" harness. It has been erroneously identified as "Stabilized Tactical AirBorne Operations" harness. STABO was superseded by Fast Rope Insertion/Extraction System (FRIES) after the VIETNAM WAR, and was officially removed from MIL-CRAFT doctrine in 2004.

STACK :
informal designation for the alignment of a small unit (eg: SQUAD, team, or section) when operating in an area (ie: building or vessel) that presents both vertical and horizontal space to be covered. Whether progression is upward or downward, the operational unit moves in a FILE formation, with elements moving outward from the COLUMN, like branches of a tree from the trunk, to search or clear each level before proceeding to the next level. Because the COLUMN is vulnerable from two planes, speed and firepower are critical factors, given the requirement for accuracy and rear security, but each level of the vertical progression becomes a fallback or staging area for further advancement. See MOUT, WAY POINT, COMBAT SPREAD, FIRE 'n' MANEUVER. Also, a free-standing conical group of three rifles placed on their butts and hooked together at the STACKING SWIVEL; also called STACK ARMS or "stacked arms"; see THE BIBLE, MANUAL OF ARMS. Also, to position readiness or support aircraft into holding stations before dispatching them onto their target assignments; to fly several airplanes at different altitudes in stable platforms for assembly or assignment. See STAGE, ASSEMBLY AREA, ORBIT, RACETRACK, CAP, UMBRELLA, HIGH 'n' DRY, CROW'S NEST, AWACS, ABNCP, VATLS; compare SHORT ORBIT. Also, a group of airplanes circling over an airport awaiting clearance for their turn to land. Also, the vertical alignment of parachutists, formed in trail, in preparation for sequential landings onto a confined or delimited drop zone (DZ), being a mode of tactical insertion for special operations (SOF) teams. Also, a radio antenna consisting of a number of components connected in a substantially vertical series; compare WHIP; see ANTENNA FARM, COMM SHACK, RADIO, COMMO. Also, a number of chimneys or flues grouped together, as a smokestack in an exhaust funnel; see STACK GAS.

STACK ARMS :
to lay-down, arrange, or position SMALL ARMS in a free-standing formation apart from troops; used metaphorically for tame, defuse, disarm, desist, disengage, retire, or resign. See HORS DE COMBAT, RIP, ROAD, STAND-DOWN, SCRIPTURES, THE BIBLE, MANUAL OF ARMS. [v: dog days]

STACK GAS :
the effluent exhaust from combustion that's discharged from the STACK, smokestack, or funnel of a ship; see SNIPE HUNT.

STACKING SWIVEL :
originally, a hook-shaped metal swivel attached to the stock of a military rifle used for linking three rifles together to form a stack; later, the upper or forward most SLING or GP STRAP mount attached to the forearm or front end of a RIFLE or other infantry weapon, which is used as the point of attachment for STACK ARMS; see SNAP-LINK, UNLIMBER, THE BIBLE, SCRIPTURES, MANUAL OF ARMS. Also, in the Marine Corps, a person's neck, hence to "rubberneck", as to crane the neck and pivot the head; see EYE-BALL, HAIRY EYEBALL, CHECK IT OUT, DOUBLE-O, VR, EYE-CHECK. [v: "custody of the eyes"]

STADAN :
Satellite Tracking and Data Acquisition Network, a worldwide network of ground stations maintained by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for optical, RADIO, or RADAR tracking of SATELLITEs.

STAFF :
General Staff badge
General Staff
see ADMIN (S-1/G-1/J-1), INTEL (S-2/G-2/J-2), OPNS (S-3/G-3/J-3), QM (S-4/G-4/J-4), CA (S-5/G-5/J-5), COMMO (S-6/G-6/J-6), CS, OSD, JCS, JCSM, JSAD, ADJ, ADC, AIDE, GRADUATED RESPONSE, JGS, RED TAPE, RAPPORTEUR, BEAN-COUNTER, CADRE, PENCIL PUSHER, ACETATE COMMANDO, CHAIRBORNE, PEANUT GALLERY, MILICRAT, PUKE, HOMESTEADER, PERMANENT PARTY, SHIP'S COMPLEMENT, HEADQUARTERISM. [nb: the specialty section prefixes are hierarchical representations for S= Staff, G= General staff, J= Joint staff; senior Navy department prefixes are designated "N-"; v: J-CODES, cf: CALL-SIGN] [cf: apparatchik, nomenklatura, nabob, nibs] [v: 'claque' for group or coterie of BROWN NOSERs]

STAFF SERGEANT / SSG :
being the non-commissioned officer (NCO) grade (E-6) between Sergeant (E-5) and Sergeant First Class or Gunnery Sergeant (E-7), and represented by three chevrons above a ROCKER as sleeve rank insignia; also represented as "SSGT" or "S/Sgt". See SARGE, BUCK, RIGHT ARM, FIRST SHIRT, TOP, NCO, SUPER GRADE, RATING, GRADE, RANK.

STAGE :
to process troops in transition, from one area to another, for deployment in execution of a mission; to maintain troops, with their transport and support vehicles, in a secure locale in readiness for deployment in execution of a mission. Also, to hold specified combat vehicles or craft, with their crews, at a secure point preparatory to deployment; see ASSEMBLY AREA, STACK, CAP, ORBIT, HIGH 'n' DRY, RACETRACK.

STALEMATE :
(FORTHCOMING); deadlock or countercheck, standoff or standstill, as derived from "unenforceable"; "no second place in war", "die for a tie"; see ARMISTICE, TRUCE, CEASE-FIRE, NEUTRALIZE, EXIT STRATEGY.

STALKING HORSE :
pretext or subterfuge, as a mask or camouflage for true activity, or a diversion for real intent; also spelled "stalking-horse". Compare DARK HORSE, TROJAN HORSE, RED HERRING, DECOY, CAT'S-PAW, BORDEN, FALSE FLAG, HIDE, DECEPTION.

STALL :
causing an engine, or an engine-driven vehicle or vessel, to stop functioning due to overload or to improper fuel mixture. Also, causing a loss of control in an aircraft by exceeding the angle of maximum lift (ie: "critical angle"), which results in a downward SPIN. See AEROBATICS.

STANCHION :
upright beam or bar, as stabilizing devices; derived from "prop" or "support".

STAND :
a holding or defensive posture, as "to take a stand", "stand-up to", "stand-up for", "stand firm", and the like; see STAND-DOWN, STAND FAST, STAND-OFF, STAND-TO, STAND-UP, STANDBY.

STANDARD :
the national flag, particularly when displayed from a moving horse or vehicle; see COLORS, ENSIGN, STARS 'n' STRIPES, GUIDON, STREAMER, SHIFT COLORS, BLOCK THE COLORS, HOIST, HALF-MAST, HALYARD, COLOR GUARD, COLORBEARER, SHOW THE FLAG, FACE THE MUSIC, FALSE FLAG, BLOOD CHIT. Also, a flag or emblematic figure used as a rallying point for an army, fleet, or the like. Also, any of various military or naval flags, especially one indicative of the presence of a high official. [nb: the word 'standard' was introduced into the English language by the display of banners at the Battle of the Standard, fought between the English and Scots at Cowton Moor, near Northallerton on 22 August 1138, where David I, who was fighting on behalf of Matilda, was defeated by King Stephen's army under Thurstan, who was the archbishop of York, and Raoul, who was the bishop of Durham; the army erected a mast in a wagon that carried the banners of Saint Peter of York, Saint John of Beverley, and Saint Wilfrid of Ripon, surmounted by a pyx containing the Eucharistic Host] Also, officially approved or authorized; usual or customary, as "standard military issue". Also, serving as a basis of weight, measure, value, comparison, or judgment.

STANDARD TIME :
the civil time officially adopted for a country or region, lying within a one hour zone along specific meridians; the standard time zones within the United States of America are: Atlantic time, Eastern time, Central time, Mountain time, Pacific time, Yukon time, Alaska-Hawaii time, and Bering time. See TIME.

STANDBY :
an individual, team, element, or unit prepared for immediate or timely (ie: within a specified period) response to action orders; ready to act when called; compare SPACE A. Also, an individual, team, element, or unit kept ready for use as a substitute; reserve reinforcement; compare MOTHBALL. Also, informal reference to a person awaiting an availability, as for non-emergency medical care without an appointment, or allocation for space available (SPACE A) transportation.

STANDBY RESERVE :
those members and units of the RESERVE COMPONENTs (other than those in the Ready Reserve or Retired Reserve) who are eligible (10 USC 10151, 12301, 12306) for call to service on active duty. See RESERVE.

STAND-DOWN :
period of rest, replacement, and refitting in which all operational activity, except for security, is discontinued; sometimes called "back time"; see STACK ARMS, RE-HAUL, OFF-DUTY [v: dog days]. Also, the conclusion of an operation, the completion of a project, or the deactivation of a unit, as preparation for redistribution of assets or return to CONUS, also expressed as 'stood-down' ("We stood-down the mission before rotation."); see VIETNAMIZATION, ACTOV, DEACTIVATE, RECONSTITUTED; compare STAND-UP.

STAND FAST :
a coordinating command given by subordinate leaders when march orders rearrange a unit (eg: the order "column of twos from the right" is qualified by right columns calling "forward" and left columns calling "STAND FAST" before "march" commences movement). See THE BIBLE.

STAND-OFF :
minimum effective firing distance, especially a safety precaution for self-arming munitions. Also, the interval of barricades or baffles to maximize effectiveness [cf: portcullis]; see BLAST WALL, REVETMENT. Also, an impasse, stalemate, or standstill. Also, to remain apart, abstracted, or evasive.

STAND-TO :
the act of manning and activating all weapons and equipment on the unit/base perimeter before dawn to prepare for any possible enemy action; performed instead of reveille in field or combat conditions. See DEFCON, SACON, GQ, HEADS-UP, WARNING ORDER, FRAG ORDER, DANCE CARD, MAD MINUTE.

STAND-UP :
the commencement of an operation, the initiation of a project, or the activation of a unit, being coincident with the assemblage of assets and departure from BASE or CONUS, also expressed as 'stood-up' ("We stood-up the unit at the beginning of hostilities."); see ACTIVATE, ORGANIZE; compare STAND-DOWN. Also, the act of rising to one's feet to assume a relaxed or rigid form of ATTENTION as a gesture of respect upon the appearance or entrance (with certain exceptions) of a superior officer; the military employs the informal command "on your feet" to accomplish this act in a classroom or auditorium, then releasing the trainees with either "take your seats" or "dismissed"; see BRACE, THE BIBLE, CARRY-ON, AS YOU WERE.

THE STANS :
slang reference to the Middle Eastern, West and Central Asian regions, provinces, or countries whose names end in '-stan', such as Adzharistan, Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Dagestan, Hindustan, Kazakhstan, Kurdistan, Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia), luristan, Nuristan (Kafiristan), Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkestan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Waziristan; also called ALPHABET SOUP or JAWBREAKER countries for their complex arrangement of consonants. See THE MED, THE GULF, THE MOG, ABSURDISTAN; compare THE ROOT, THE NAM.

STARBOARD :
on the right side of a craft or vessel when facing forward, formerly known as steerboard for the "steering side", which is opposite the "loading side"; designated by the color green, and displaying a blue navigation light on military craft and a green navigation light on civil or commercial craft, single or combined, showing in an unbroken arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees, ranging from dead ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on the side. Compare PORT; see BOW, PROW, STEM, FORECASTLE, STERN, AFT, IR MARKERS, CHRISTMAS TREE. [nb: the whaler, being the ship's GIG, is traditionally rowed with two oars on the PORT side and three oars on the STARBOARD side, which is the origin of the naval association of "even" with PORT and "odd" with STARBOARD; see SKIMMER] [cf: "stage left" and "stage right", being references to theatrical viewpoints, are civilian comparisons for naval PORT and STARBOARD]

STARFIGHTER :
F-104 aircraft.

STARFIRE :
the Lockheed F-94 all weather interceptor that was an improved version of the F-80 SHOOTING STAR, serving in the later phases of the KOREAN WAR.

STARLIFTER :
the Lockheed-Martin C-141A aircraft, introduced to USAF inventory in 1964, serving in the VIETNAM WAR and Persian GULF WAR, and succeeded by C-17A GLOBEMASTER.

STARLIGHT :
an Image Intensification Device; a large, heavy, night vision telescope using enhanced ambient and reflected light to enable targeting and surveillance during the hours of darkness. The STARLIGHT scope was issued in a version for individual weapons (AN/PVS-2) and for CREW-SERVED WEAPONS (AN/TVS-2). It was originally issued in Vietnam on a restricted basis due to high cost and secret technology, but the telescope was difficult to keep aligned as a shooting scope. See GREEN-EYE, NOD, NVG, NVD, I2, PEEPERS.

STARS AND STRIPES :
1943 Pacific Stars and Stripes correspondent patch
Pacific Stars and
Stripes correspondent
a newspaper staffed by and published for MIL-PERS, subsidized since WWI and privatized after the VIETNAM WAR; existing after WWII in theater editions (eg: Europe, Pacific, etc) for news and entertainment. Originally published by the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in 1918, then transferred to Washington DC from 1919 to 1926, and reborn as a weekly on 17 April 1942, then as a daily on 2 November 1942. The phrase GI JOE (qv) was coined by STARS AND STRIPES. Compare YANK, JOURNAL. [nb: Bill Mauldin's GI Joe caricature was rejected by YANK magazine, was published in the "Star Spangled Banter" feature of the 45th Infantry Division newsletter, and was later shared with STARS AND STRIPES in the "Up Front" feature, but the now-classic Willie and Joe personas didn't materialize until 1943] [nb: "Army Times", "Navy Times", "Air Force Times", "Marine Gazette", and other service-oriented newspapers are proprietary publications, just as "Army", "Leatherneck", "Sea Power", "Air Power", "National Guard", "Legion", "VFW", and other quasi-military magazines are proprietary publications of their respective professional or veteran associations, which are neither endorsed nor sponsored by the military]

STARS 'n' STRIPES :
first American flag by Francis Hopkinson
Hopkinson flag
Cowpens flag
Cowpens flag
Trumbull flag
Trumbull flag
Second National Flag
Second Nat'l Flag
nickname for the national flag, standard, COLORS, ENSIGN, banner, or pennon; also called "Union Jack" or "bloody zebra". See HOIST, HALYARD, FLAGSTAFF, BLOCK THE COLORS, HALF-MAST, COLORBEARER, COLOR GUARD, FLAG DAY, CALL TO THE COLORS, SHOW THE FLAG; compare GUIDON, ENSIGN, STREAMER, BLOOD CHIT. [v: Flag Terms] [nb: Fringe has been commonly used for decoration on European standards since the 18th century, and American flags used for parade or display are routinely fringed. The Air Force, Army, and Marine Corps use a silver (chrome or nickel) spearhead finial, and the Navy uses a brass battle-ax finial on the national ensign during ceremonies ashore. [AR 840-10, MCO P10520.3A, AFR 900-3, NTP-13] In the Air Force, Army, and Marine Corps, the national colors, together with any other official flag of position or rank, are displayed with a small spread-winged eagle (head turned, wings low) as the appropriate ornamental finial on indoor flagpoles for the President, Vice President, Cabinet Secretaries, and other Presidentially-appointed and Senate-confirmed officials. In the Navy, the national ENSIGN, together with any other official flag of position or rank, are displayed with a small spread-winged eagle (head forward, wings high) as the appropriate ornamental finial on outdoor flagpoles for any officer or official who rates at least a 19-gun salute, including the President, Vice President, Cabinet Secretaries, Under Secretaries, Governors, Supreme Court justices, Congressmembers, ambassadors, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and five-star flag officers; which practice stems from the use of FLAGSTAFF ornaments in boats to indicate the rank of passengers. [US Navy Regulations Paragraph 1275 and NTP-13] Other flag officers and Presidentially appointed officials, who rate a 11 to 17 gun salute, use a brass halberd atop the ENSIGN and their flags of office. Navy captains (and colonels in the other services) rate a brass ball, commanders and lieutenant colonels a star, other officers a flat headed cap.] [nb: the attribution of "Old Glory" was made by William Driver to the ENSIGN flown from his brigantine in 1831; and that same flag, having been hidden in his bedspread against Confederate depredations, flew from the capitol dome in Nashville after Union forces recaptured the city] [nb: "The Star Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key was composed during the defense of Fort McHenry, 13-14 September 1814; then made National Anthem of the United States of America by a 1916 Executive Order and a 3 March 1931 Act of Congress] [nb: when the American flag is folded into a triangle, representative of the Colonial tricorne, the red and white stripes representing the blood and bones of sacrifice are buried within the blue constellation of heaven; which is the traditional configuration for funeral and retreat ceremonies]

STAR WARS :
slang for the satellite surveillance and defense system engendered by DARPA and transferred to the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO); named after the popular sci-fi book and film series. Compare MAGINOT LINE, SMEZ, BERLIN WALL, IRON CURTAIN, BAMBOO CURTAIN, BAR LEV LINE, CACTUS CURTAIN, McNAMARA'S WALL, McNAMARA LINE, CHINESE WALL, DEW LINE, PHASE LINE. [cf: Hadrian's Wall, Antonine Wall, Great Wall of China] [nb: the Dutch built Wall Street (1652-98) as a defense against the British in New York] [nb: "The strength of a wall is neither greater nor less than the men who defend it." by Genghis Khan]

STAT :
immediately; being predominantly medical usage, from Latin "statim"; Vietnamese term: Thuong Khan (extremely urgent). See ASAP, PDQ, FORTHWITH, CHOGI, CHOP CHOP, RIKI TIK, GOYA, HAUL-ASS, SCRAMBLE, JUICE; compare PUSH, TOCSIN.

STATIC :
opposition or resistance, such as back-talk; see FLAK. Also, deception or obfuscation, such as lying; see CONFETTI, compare CHATTER. Also, broadcast or telecommunication interference caused by atmospheric electricity; see NOISE, MUSIC, CROSS-TALK, CHATTER, RADIO, COMMO. Also, a fixed, stationary, immobile, or unchanging condition or situation; equilibrium or stagnation.

STATIC LINE :
the 15' nylon strap, that's retention hooked (HOOKUP) to the aircraft, which releases the parachute container closures and pulls the "pilot chute" (DROGUE) out so the main canopy will be deployed in approximately four seconds. Free-fallers use either a ripcord (a shorter self-activated static line) or a throw-out (a pilot chute cast by hand). Both free-fallers and LEGs (non jumpers) call regular static line paratroopers "dope on a rope", as a play on words from the fashionable "soap on a rope" product.

STATUS OF FORCES AGREEMENT :
see SOFA; compare CIVIL AFFAIRS AGREEMENT.

STAY BEHIND :
AMBUSH tactic, in which a small group from a larger element remains concealed after the departure of the main body of troops, as when breaking camp after RON, to attack any enemy sweeping through the deserted area, or to provide rear security for the departing force; also called "leave behind"; see BUTTONHOOK, FLIP-FLOP, TRAIL WATCHER. Also, a GUERRILLA or UNCONVENTIONAL WARFARE strategy, in which conventional enemy forces are not resisted as they sweep through a region, so they can be effectively interdicted from the rear. [nb: the NVA counter-RECON and rear security units imitated similar WWII Soviet teams, and were developed under USSR advice when the sole PAVN ABN unit was converted into SAPPERs.]

STEAL A MARCH :
to obtain an advantage over an opponent by making a sudden surprise move; see MARCH. Also, an idiomatic expression meaning to obtain an unexpected advantage over someone by stealth or subterfuge.

STEAM 'n' CREAM :
rhyming slang for a massage parlor offering sex, typically masturbation or fellatio, by a fully clothed woman who often rebuffed the pawing or fondling of the customers (there are degrees of prostitution, and although this pays less, the woman is less involved). A massage parlor that offered sex was not a whorehouse (NHA THO), but it usually wasn't a good place to get a genuine massage or to enjoy a real steam bath either ... such establishments existed, some luxurious, but they were rare, expensive, and found only in the major cities. If a soldier on STAND-DOWN from the field wanted to soak away his aches, eat a good meal cooked in the local tradition, and drink some adult beverages with convivial company that had no desire to harm him, then he either got very lucky in his quest or a comrade introduced him to the right place, with an admonition against "ruining a good thing" by letting the "secret" out. See SIN CITY, HELL ON WHEELS, HEAD, HUMMER, DAISY CHAIN, BIB, TRICK, HONG KONG HAIRCUT, HAT TRICK, BUTTERFLY, DIDDLY, HOOKUP, CHURNING BUTTER, BOOM-BOOM, SHORT-TIME, DU, FUCK, ACT OF CONGRESS. [nb: spa, a bathing resort, derives from such an archetypic retreat in Belgium]

STEEL BEACH :
Navy slang for OFF-DUTY relaxation and recreation while on-board ship, as distinguished from visiting the real beach while on Liberty/PASS. See R&R, I&I, OFF THE RESERVATION.

STEELDROME :
slang for a Cowin hut, developed by Cowin and Company for storage by the Army Air Corps during WWII, being a large curved structure, sized 36' X 60', that used a truss system of horizontal steel tie rods and vertical steel hangers to resist thrust upon the arch (less than half a circle) ... the STEELDROME was inadequate for Alaskan snow loads since a number of them collapsed in their first winter (1943) of use. See GODOWN, DEPOT, UTILITY BUILDING, MULTIPLE UTILITY BUILDING, DUMP, HANGAR, BLDG.

STEEL POT :
slang for HELMET and helmet liner, usually encased in a net cover or camouflaged helmet-cover ("lambrequin") with a retaining band; the paratrooper version used a chin-strap instead of neck-strap. Sometimes called "tin hat", "tin topper", "tin-topee /-topi", "iron lid", "soup bowl", "brain bucket", or "battle bowler"; see HAMMOCK, JOHN WAYNE, HEADGEAR, TURN TURTLE. [nb: contrary to popular myth, "steel pot" was not a bulletproof grade of really boss marijuana!]

STEEL TIGER :
the CODENAME designation given to the northern sector of the Laotian panhandle, effective 3 April 1965, as a complement to the ROLLING THUNDER air campaign of interdiction along the HO CHI MINH TRAIL to Route 9 opposite the DMZ. This operation involved ARC LIGHT and GUNSHIP missions by USAF, USN, and USMC aircraft which attempted to halt infiltration and deny sanctuary in neutral areas. See TIGER HOUND, COMMANDO HUNT.

STEM :
the forward part of a craft or vessel, specifically an upright at the BOW into which the side timbers or plates of the vessel are jointed; designated by the color white, and displays a white navigation light showing over an unbroken arc of the horizon of 135 degrees, centered dead ahead. Compare STERN, AFT; see BOW, PROW, CUTWATER, ROSTRUM, SHARP END, FORECASTLE, HAWSEPIPE, BLUE NOSE, STARBOARD, PORT, IR MARKERS, CHRISTMAS TREE.

STERILE :
an unattributable and unmarked item, including weapons, transport, uniforms, and other GEAR, often imitative of enemy or guerrilla materiel, as used by counter-guerrilla and special operations forces for "plausible deniability" in any diplomatic disclaimers. Compare CLEAN. [nb: the laws of land warfare sanction the summary execution of any "disguised" combatants]

STERILIZED :
to remove all traces of occupancy or passage; restore a site to its original condition before departure. For patrol units, clean-up of remnants and erasure of residues were necessary due to being outnumbered and operating in hostile areas. Also called "sanitize".

STERN :
the back or rear of a craft or vessel; designated by the color black, and displays one or more white navigation lights showing over an unbroken arc of the horizon of 135 degrees, centered dead astern. Compare BOW, PROW, STEM, FORECASTLE; see AFT, TRANSOM, STARBOARD, PORT, IR MARKERS, CHRISTMAS TREE. [v: Puppis]

STEVE CANYON :
(forthcoming); fictional character created by Milton Caniff; see MALE CALL

STD :
abbreviation for Strategic Technical Directorate; see THUNDER TIGER, SOG. Also, the abbreviation for 'sexually transmitted disease', also known as venereal disease (VD) or social disease; see CLAP, SHORT ARM, PRO KIT, ANTIBIOTIC. [re: syphilis, gonorrhea, genital herpes, chlamydia, lymphogranuloma venereum, trichomoniasis, nongonococcal urethritis]

STICK :
the FILE of paratroopers which conforms to the size of the jump aircraft, regardless of regular TO&E assignment; may include "inboard" and "outboard" STICK; the number of paratroopers who jump from one aperture or door of an aircraft during one run over a drop zone (DZ); see MOTHER HEN, compare CHALK. [nb: the team size of British commando units was changed to conform to the carrying capacity of the landing craft during WWII] Also, a row or group of BOMBs released from an aircraft in one pass over the target; compare RACK, HARDPOINT, see POD. Also, truncation of CONTROL STICK or JOYSTICK, being the steering lever for affecting longitudinal and lateral movements of an aircraft; used to maneuver or manipulate a computer or conveyance; see DEAD STICK, VOLPLANE. Also, slang for a spar or BOOM on a vessel; compare YARDARM. Also, any remote or rural area, as "the sticks", bush or hinterlands; see BOONDOCKS / BOONIES, THULE. Also, a marijuana cigarette; compare THAI STICK, see FAG, GASPER, PIGTAIL, TAR, DOPE, JUNK, CAN SA, GRASS, HAY, HUBBLE-BUBBLE, SMACK, STONED. Also, slang for penis, phallus, PRICK / CU, SHORT ARM, JOYSTICK, SPAR, YARDARM, HOT DOG, HOSE, BAYONET, BIRD, DIPPER, POGY BAIT, POGUE, and the like; compare LITTLE PRICK, ONIONS.

STICK COMMANDER :
the qualified person who is designated to be responsible and in control of a STICK of paratroopers from assembly through enplaning to exit; sometimes called MOTHER HEN; see CHALK.

STICK TO ONE'S GUNS :
to maintain one's position despite opposition; to persevere against criticism or resistance; to defy contrariety or antagonism; also expressed as "stand by one's guns". [cf: the sticking-place]

STINGER :
CALL-SIGN for AC-119K GUNSHIP with four 7.62mm MINIGUNs and two 20-mm cannons used for aerial fire support; see FLYING BOXCAR. Also, the FIM-92A lightweight, man-portable, shoulder-fired, air defense MISSILE for low-altitude aerial protection of forward area combat troops; see RED EYE, AVENGER, SAM, ROCKET, CHAPARRAL.

STINGRAY :
operational name for Marine FORCE RECON units in Vietnam, performing surveillance and intelligence gathering operations, including ambushes and prisoner snatches, in seven-man teams beyond artillery fans, relying on non-detection, concentration of fire, evasion techniques, and air support; see LRP / LRRP, LRSP, HAWKS, I&R, RECON. Also, USCG/USMC maritime helicopter (MH-68A).

STIRRUP :
a loop, ring, or other contrivance suspended from the saddle on a horse to support the rider's foot; meaning "a rope for mounting", and originating in Assyria (ca850BC), then used in Han dynasty China (ca202BC), and introduced to Europe during the fifth century by the marauding Huns, which simple device revolutionized cavalry operations. [nb: estafette, a mounted courier, derives as a diminutive of stirrup] Also, a short ROPE with a loop or EYE at the end that's hung from a yard or spar to support a FOOTROPE. Also, any of various similar supports used for special purposes, as when ascending a ROPE; also called "stirrup-line"; compare JACOB'S LADDER, NET. [v: Climbing Terms]

STIRRUP CUP :
a farewell drink offered to a rider already mounted for departure; see DOCH-AN-DORIS, TOAST. [nb: it is considered bad luck or evil omen to TOAST with non-alcoholic (ie: catlap) beverages; military toasts are most often tributes to fortitude and loyalty, while civilian toasts (grace cup) are tributes to benefaction or longevity, such as: l'chaim, prosit / prost, skoal, slàin te mhath, wassail, cheers] [v: gemütlichkeit/gemuetlichkeit] [cf: apéritif]

STOCKADE :
a defensive barrier; an enclosure or corral defined by such a barrier; compare LAAGER, PERIMETER, COMPOUND. [v: Military Earthworks Terms] Also, a military jail or prison, sometimes called "dog house"; see BRIG, HOT HOUSE, THE CASTLE, CROSSBAR HOTEL, GUARDHOUSE, LBJ, CLUB FED, CHL, DEADLOCK, DEADLINE. [v: dog house, poky, clink, nick, slam, slammer, cooler, jug, can, joint, cage, glasshouse, big house, house of many doors, graystone college, up the river, hoosegow, gaol, bagnio, lockup, pen, reformatory, jailhouse, penal institution, penitentiary, panopticon, keep, calaboose, dungeon, oubliette, hock (sty or prison as a miserable place to live)]

STOL :
Short Take-Off and Landing aircraft (eg: U-1, U-6, UV-18, OV-10, C-17, C-123, C-124, C-130, F-111). See VSTOL, compare VTOL, JATO.

STONED :
dazed, befuddled, intoxicated, or inebriated by drugs or booze, as derived from stunned; other expressions include: tipsy, drunk/drunken, high, loaded, wired, juiced, tight, oiled, pickled, wrecked, smashed, bombed, potted, sodden, besotted, soused, awash, plastered, stewed, looped, sozzled, zonked, snarked, lit-up, zapped, boiled, numb, benumbed, feeling no pain, in one's cups, three sheets to the wind, pie-eyed, glassy-eyed, inebriated, bibulous, bibulated, spiflacated, dipsomated. Similar AUSSIE usage of "wankered" or "whankered" for insensible or non-compos-mentis; compare "wanker" at POGUE. See WASTED, ZAP, DEAD-SOLDIER, DUTCH COURAGE, WHISKEY WARRIOR, HOOCH, GROG, BREW, JUICE, GROUP TIGHTENER, BA MUOI BA, COLORS, LSD, DOPE, JUNK, CAN SA, GRASS, HAY, SMACK, STICK, TAR, HUBBLE-BUBBLE, BUMMER, SLOP CHUTE, THE DRINK. [v: gateway drug, hard drug, soft drug, designer drug, prodrug; cf: miracle drug, wonder drug] [nb: a widely circulated but spurious WAR STORY alleges that post-war criminal violence and other antisocial nonconformity by crazed veterans is the direct result of unauthorized drug experimentation that was secretly conducted by medical personnel, many of whom were ignorant of this classified test, which was designed to increase combat aggressivity in soldiers, hence the fictitious "Rambo" account that allegedly attempted to disclose the purported "truth" behind the CODENAME of the program; actually, LRRP teams were only issued amphetamines, and Special Forces teams were also issued kits containing: 12 Darvon, 24 codeine, 6 dextroamphetamines, and 4 SYRETTEs of morphine sulfate.]

STONER :
(forthcoming); 63A : LMG MK-23 Mod-O : SMG XM-23 : carbine XM-204? See AMMO, LINK AMMO, MAGAZINE, DRUM, MUZZLE, FLASH SUPPRESSOR, SILENCER; compare LONG RIFLE, SASS, SAW, RIFLE, MG, SMG, PISTOL, BLOOPER.

STONE SOUP :
a formidable situation, an arduous circumstance, or a very hard time, to endure travail or deprivation; use of this phrase by Patton made it famous. Derived from "We had nothing but water, so we added a stone for flavor.". See etymology of "scruple" for rough pebble measure, stone. Another source may be from testis/testicle, meaning virility or machismo, as food suitable for genuine men. Compare DUCK SOUP, TURKEY SHOOT; see SOUP. Also, plain water misrepresented as a nourishing or refreshing collation (eg: snow-broth); compare "mock turtle", "Bombay duck", "Welsh rabbit"; see BULLY SOUP, SOUP. [cf: "dingo's breakfast" in Australia]

STOOGE :
an underling, assistant, or accomplice, especially an impostor or "ringer", who's introduced into a training situation under false identity or disguised ability to add realistic stress or unscheduled confusion; see CRYPTO, PROVOCATEUR, SPOOK.

STORM :
a violent military assault, especially on a fortified place or strong position; see CHARGE, MOVE OUT, HOOPLA, SADDLE-UP, FOLLOW ME, BRING SMOKE, WATCH MY SMOKE, ROOT HOG OR DIE. Also, a heavy or sudden volley or discharge: as "a storm of bullets"; see SALVO, VOLLEY, BROADSIDE, FUSILLADE, ENFILADE. Also, a tumultuous condition; a commotion, turmoil, upheaval, or "sturm und drang"; see WEATHER EYE, STORM WARNING.

STORM WARNING :
a showing of storm signals subsequent to an alert notification of severe winds and threatening weather, especially cyclonic conditions [nb: Tropical Depression: 20-34 kts/23-39 smph; Tropical Storm: 35-64 kts/40-73 smph; Hurricane: 65+ kts/74+ smph]; see BEAUFORT SCALE, SAFFIR-SIMPSON SCALE, FUJITA SCALE, WINDSOCK, TELLTALE. Also, a sign of approaching or impending trouble, as tumult, turmoil, upheaval, or "sturm und drang"; see WEATHER EYE. [nb: due to axial tilt during earth's rotation, the hemispheric seasons are not the same length, with the southern summer / northern winter being the shortest season, and northern summer / southern winter being the longest]

STOVEPIPE :
a metaphor for the mode of direct control exercised upon small or specialized units (eg: CID, CIC, SF/SOF) by high command that bypasses intermediate or theater organizations without their influence or intervention; also called "pipeline" or "mainline". Compare CHINESE WALL; see COMPARTMENTALIZATION, RIG. Also, informal referent for MORTAR, which is also known as "vest-pocket artillery", "mortie", or PISS TUBE.

STRAC :
outstanding, excellent; ready in the best possible condition. Originally derived from STRategic Army Command (STRAC), where CONUS units were kept at peak readiness for 72-hour rapid deployment (OP TEMPO); later converted into an acronym meaning: Straight, Tough, Ready Around the Clock, but acquired the meaning of SPIT 'n' POLISH from too many alerts without enough action (idle troops must polish something!). See SHIPSHAPE, SQUARED AWAY; compare GUNG-HO, WETSU, HOISE, OORAH, HOOAH.

STRAFE :
an attack on ground troops or installations with machinegun (MG) or ROCKET fire from low-flying airplanes, also known as GUN RUN; meaning 'punish' ("strafen" / "bestrafen"), being derived as an extract from a WWI Imperial German propaganda slogan "May God punish England". See TAC-AIR, AIR STRIKE, LETDOWN, SORTIE, BIRD.

STRAGGLER :
any personnel, vehicles, ships, or aircraft which, without apparent purpose or assigned mission, become separated from their unit, column, or formation; compare ROMPER, LAND TAIL, see COMBAT SPREAD. Also, a person, group, vehicle, or vessel separated from its CONVOY through an inability to maintain pace and unable to rejoin its element before nightfall; see UA, HEADWAY.

STRAIGHT ARROW :
anyone living a proper or conventional lifestyle by the generally accepted rules (eg: SOP, SCRIPTURES), especially someone trustworthy and devoted, as a righteous person; also known as "straight shooter". Phrase probably derived from a contraction of 'STRAIGHT and nARROW', being the way of virtuous conduct; but may simply be as straight and true as an arrow. Known as "wowser" by AUSSIE or KIWI. See A MAN'S GOTTA DO WHAT A MAN'S GOTTA DO, TOE THE LINE, GOOD PEOPLE, BRASS-COLLAR; compare HIPPIE, PREEVERT.

STRAKE :
a continuous course of HULL planks or plates on a ship; see DECK, HULL, GUNWALE, PLANK, FREEBOARD.

STRANGE :
female genitalia as metanym for sex or for a woman as a sexual object, by reference to foreign or illicit relations, in contravention of the old saw that "all cats are gray in the dark", anything STRANGE must be better than something familiar; also called poontang, poon, SNATCH, nooky / nookie, gully, box, squeezebox, cooter, tootie / tutti, snapper, coochie, spunk bucket, twat, twatchel, muff, quim, gash, slit, beaver, cunt, cunnikin, honey pot, Venus trap, bird's nest, pudendum / pudenda, pussy, purse, yoni, HAPPY VALLEY; see SPLIT, CAMP FOLLOWER, CAMPAIGN WIFE, SHACK-JOB, CLASS-B DEPENDENT, SLEEPING DICTIONARY, RUNTS 'n' CUNTS, BITCH, SKIRT; compare PRICK, CU, ONIONS. [v: Hottentot apron, Nez Percé plucked pubes (glabrous), Yakima thong, and Arabic nymphotomy, labial excision, or clitoral circumcision]

STRANGELOVE :
(forthcoming); see FICTIONAL CHARACTER.

STRANGER IN A STRANGE LAND :
this biblical phrase, revived by poets and soldiers of the 19th century, and popularized by Robert A. Heinlein's 1961 Hugo Award winning book of the same title, was adopted to express the alienation, disorientation, anomie, and culture shock experienced by many conventional troops serving in the "bizarre" environment of Vietnam. Some white soldiers, sympathetic to the tenets of the counterculture, also used "grok" for intuitive understanding or prehensile comprehension, from the same book; and used in the same sense as BLACK soldiers used HEP. Ironically, this author, who was formerly a Naval officer, has been reclassified from the darling of the liberal intelligentsia into the arch reactionary of the conservative extreme. Heinlein's Starship Troopers is still listed as recommended reading for both Army and Marine Corps personnel.

STRAP-HANGER :
extra person not attached or officially assigned; a SUPERCARGO or supernumerary, including anyone who wants to do the job just for the experience, as well as ubiquitous TICKET-PUNCHERs. Compare BLOB, DEADHEAD, SANDBAG, HOLLYWOOD BLAST, SPACE A; see MC.

STRATA :
acronym for Short Term Road-watch And Target Acquisition; being 14 INDIGenous SCU/SOG teams, trained at LongThanh, housed at Monkey Mountain FOB, and launched from NAKED FANNY (NKP) into NVN near Lao border for two-week missions. Performed 26 operations during 1967-8. See NICKEL STEEL, THUNDER TIGER; compare TRAIL WATCHER.

STRATCOM :
U.S. STRATegic COMmand, which replaced SAC in June 1992, and merged with Space Command in 2002; compare USASTRATCOM. Also, the Vietnam-era designation for U.S. Army Strategic Communications Command (USASTRATCOM).

STRATEGIC BOMBING :
the doctrine of concentrated and intense bombardment with the objective of rapid capitulation due to devastation and demoralization. STRATEGIC BOMBING was conceived as the primary mission of the Air Force, as distinguished from close air support (CAS), which preoccupation enabled the expansion of Army aviation into helicopters and light fixed-wing aircraft. It has been succeeded by "precision bombing", but CAS is still the most effective use of Air Force assets on the battlefield. See ARC LIGHT, CARPET BOMBING, BOMB 'EM BACK TO THE STONE AGE, BOUNCE THE RUBBLE, BIGGER BANG FOR THE BUCK, FAST MOVER, SLOW MOVER, FCSL, TAC-AIR, PREP.

STRATEGIC HAMLET :
program of defensible villages, initiated on 3 Feb 1962, patterned on the earlier "Agroville" project, later revitalized as "New Life Hamlet" (Ap Doi Moi), and finally revised into secure hamlet (Ap Tan Sin). Based upon the British experience in Malaysia (which dealt with ethnically distinct elements), this program was mismanaged until it faded away after the 1963 assassination of its sponsor, President Ngo Dinh Diem. See AP, XA, XOM. [cf: 18th century Potemkin villages in Russia, and Cuban "Fortified Zones" before the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR]

STRATEGIC TECHNICAL DIRECTORATE :
ARVN STD patch
ARVN STD
name of covert INDIGenous unit (STD) that assumed the mission and assets of the Special Commando Unit (SCU) during VIETNAMIZATION when the VNSF/LLDB was disbanded and the MIKE FORCE, RF/PF, and PSDF camps were converted to BORDER DEFENSE RANGER sites. The COUNTERPART organization remained SOG after USSF units rotated back to CONUS, but cover assignments for the Advisory Elements were made through USARV. See THUNDER TIGER, CAS, CSD, RECON.

STRATEGY :
a plan or method (stratagem) devised for achieving a specific goal, such as the art or science of conducting large-scale military operations in support of sociopolitical objectives; as derived from military commander or army leader ("general's war"). An old army adage states that armies are best built from the bottom up and led from the front; the army that wins is the one most committed and willing to sacrifice. Compare TACTICS; see CAPABILITY, LDR, COURSE OF ACTION, DIVIDE AND CONQUER, KNOW YOUR ENEMY, ABSTRACTION, OPLAN, BATTLE, WAR. [nb: a theorem on the relativity of tactics and strategy is: if the tactics are wrong and the strategy is wrong then the war will be quickly lost; if the tactics are right but the strategy is wrong then battles will be won while the war is lost; if the tactics are wrong but the strategy is right then battles will be lost while the war is won; and if the tactics are right and the strategy is right then the war will be quickly won] [nb: Frederick the Great's mule attended many battles but learned nothing about war from them!; the difference between the OLD MAN and the TOP KICK is the same in war as it is in sex: officers need to talk about it in great detail for a long time before it happens, but sergeants need to talk about it in great detail for a long time after it happens!]

STRATOCRUISER :
USAF B-29 bomber aircraft; compare SUPER FORTRESS; see BIRD.

STRATOFREIGHTER :
C-97 cargo aircraft; see BIRD.

STRATOFORTRESS :
Boeing B-52 eight-engine, high altitude, long-range, heavy strategic bomber aircraft. The B-52 is regarded by experts as the most successful military aircraft ever produced. It began entering service in the mid-1950s and by 1959 had replaced the awesome but obsolete B-36 as the backbone of Strategic Air Command's (SAC) heavy bomber force. Its primary mission was nuclear deterrence through retaliation. The B-52 has been amazingly adaptable. It was initially designed to achieve very high-altitude penetration of enemy airspace; but when that concept was rendered obsolete by the development of accurate surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), the B-52 was redesigned and reconstructed for low-altitude penetration. It has undergone eight major design changes since first flown in 1952; from B-52A to B-52H. When the Vietnam situation began to deteriorate in 1964, key SAC commanders began pressing for SAC to get involved in any theater action; but the first problem was one of mission. How could a heavy strategic bomber, designed to carry nuclear bombs, be used in Vietnam? The answer was to modify the B-52 again. Two B-52 units, the 320th Bomb Wing and the 2nd Bomb Wing, had their aircraft modified to carry "iron bombs", conventional high explosive bombs. After a second modification, each B-52 used in Vietnam could carry eighty-four 500-pound bombs internally and twenty-four 750-pound bombs on underwing racks, for a 3,000-mile nonstop range. The two Bomb WINGS were deployed to operate from Guam as the 133rd Provisional Wing. Later, additional units were deployed to Thailand and Okinawa to reduce in-flight time, and thus response time. The first B-52 raids against a target in South Vietnam (and the first war action for the B-52) took place on 18 June 1965. The target was a Viet Cong jungle sanctuary. The results were not encouraging. Two B-52s collided in flight to the target and were lost in the Pacific Ocean. The results of the bombing could not be evaluated because the area was controlled by the Viet Cong. Although the press criticized the use of B-52s, ground commanders were much impressed with the potential of the B-52. Previous attempts to use tactical bombers and fighter-bombers to disrupt enemy troop concentrations and supply depots had not been successful. But the B-52 was a veritable flying boxcar, and the effect of a squadron-size attack was to create a virtual Armageddon on the ground. Ironically, the most effective use of the B-52 in Vietnam was for tactical support of ground troops. B-52s were called in to disrupt enemy troop concentrations and supply areas with devastating effect. From June 1965 until August 1973, when operations ceased, B-52s flew 124,532 sorties which successfully dropped their bomb loads on target. Thirty-one B-52s were lost: eighteen shot down by the enemy, and thirteen lost to operational problems. Also called BUF / BUFF, ALUMINUM OVERCAST, Aluminum Eclipse, Monkey-Killer. See ARC LIGHT, CARPET BOMBING.

STRATOJET :
Boeing B-47 / RB-47H aircraft; see BIRD.

STRATOLIFTER :
C-135 cargo aircraft; compare LOOKING GLASS, STRATOTANKER, see BIRD.

STRATOTANKER :
pocket patch of a KC-135 tanker servicing an SR-71
KC-135
Boeing KC-97 / KC-135 USAF four-engine jet TANKER aircraft used for refueling; compare LOOKING GLASS, STRATOLIFTER, see BIRD.

STRAW HAT :
see BASKET HEAD, BUDDHAHEAD, INDIG, LITTLE BROWN BROTHER, RICE CHRISTIAN, YELLOW PERIL, YELLOW DOG, DINK, GOOK, SLOPE, RICE BALL, ZIP, SLANT-EYE.

STREAMER :
a BURGEE, pennant, pennon, GUIDON, or emblem. [v: pencel / pennoncel / pensil] Also, an award, campaign, or battle honor suspended from (originally lettered directly onto the unit flag) the standard, flag, or COLORS; see ATTABOY, TOP DOG, A-1, BRAVO ZULU, GONG, BRAGGING RIGHTS, TROPHY, KILL RING, UNIT CITATION. [v: fanfaronade] Also, a PARACHUTE malfunction, in which the suspension lines are wrapped around the canopy so it cannot deploy, also called "cigarette-roll" or "screamer"; see CUT-AWAY.

STREET ARAB :
an urchin or gamin/gamine, especially in the Near East region; see BABY-SAN, RAGHEAD, MUJ, ISAAC THE IRAQ, SCARAB THE ARAB, SANDY, HAJJI, ALI BABA, SKINNY, CHILDREN'S BRIGADE.

STREET WITHOUT JOY :
refers to both the primary coastal route running the length of NVN and SVN, designated Highway One (QL 1), and to Highway 19, which runs from Qui Nhon through An Khe and Pleiku into the CENTRAL HIGHLANDS. This phrase was made famous in the book of the same title by Bernard Fall, which described the VIET MINH conquest of the French. See THUNDER ROAD, HAI VAN PASS, MANG YANG PASS, AN KHE PASS. [nb: confusingly, two different highways are identified as "street without joy", but two highways are also formally designated as "Highway 1": the coastal route running the length of the country, and the road running west from Saigon through Long Binh and Cu Chi into Cambodia ... it has been said that they are, in fact, the same highway (first south then west, or east and north), but this practice is not duplicated elsewhere in the country, nor in any other country; and so it goes throughout the Orient, almost everything requires context for complete clarity of meaning]

STRESS OF SOUL :
a catch-phrase for the moral compunction or qualms, the pangs of conscience, together with any associated malaise, induced by the responsibilities of leadership at all levels of command in a combat situation; this spiritual burden for the lives of one's subordinates, as well as mission accomplishment, is onerous, taxing, and can be debilitating. See DISSOCIATION, CONVERSION SYMPTOMS, OBJECTIFICATION, BROKEN-WING SYNDROME, FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT, PTSD, FLASHBACK, THOUSAND-YARD STARE, TELESCOPING, BLACKOUT, WATERWORKS, ZOMBIE, BUBBLE. [nb: Zen or Ch'an meditation (zazen) is sometimes called "wall staring", using mental riddles (koan) and analytical discourse (mondo), together with controlled physical violence for reinforcement, to "awaken" (satori/prajna) the inner or spiritual being; hence the affinity between martial arts and Zen, where military and religious disciplines are unified.]

STRETCHER :
(forthcoming); compare LITTER, DOOLIE, BASKET, DUMMY STICK, YO-HO POLE; see HIGHLINE. [v: palanquin/palankeen, jiao, gama, sedan chair] Also, any of various instruments for extending, widening, or distending; compare TENT, DOG BITE, COMPRESS, TAMPON.

STRIKE EAGLE :
McDonnell-Douglas F-15E; compare EAGLE, see BIRD.

STRIKE FORCE :
an armed force, sized and equipped to deliver a strong offensive or retaliatory blow in a specific area; also called FIRE BRIGADE, Rapid Reaction Force (RRF), LIGHT, SMU, SOF.

STRIKER :
traditional term for PARAMILITARY troops, which are typically less qualified elements assigned to minor duties or low-priority stations, such as "home guard"; see WEEKEND WARRIOR, MILITIA. Also, common term for foreign or INDIGenous troops trained by American ADVISORs for supplemental augmentation of the primary active duty military, such as Regional Force or Popular Force units; see IRREGULARs, CIDG, CSF, MIKE FORCE, MGF, MSF, PF, RF, RF/PF, PRU, PSDF, BLACKJACK, NECK SCARF, CAP, COUNTERPART, CONSTABULARY, KATUSA, UNPFK, SOG, SF, UW. Also, an enlisted man (EM) who voluntarily acts as a paid servant or personal attendant for a commissioned officer; see ORDERLY, HOUSE MOUSE, AIDE. Also, NavSpeak for an enlisted SAILOR in training for a specific technical rating.

STRIKE THE FLAG :
to completely and permanently lower a flag, as in surrender, deactivation, or retirement; also expressed as "strike the colors". See HALF-MAST, BREAK A FLAG, BLACK FLAG, WHITE FLAG, WHITE FEATHER, DEFEAT, LILY-LIVERED, FRENCH FLU.

STRIP ALERT :
fully armed aircraft parked on the APRON of a forward airstrip or air base, or on a launch catapult, and ready to deploy within five minutes; also called "ramp alert"; see SCRAMBLE. [nb: contrary to popular misconception, this was not a readiness condition for alluring nudity!]

STROKE BOOK :
any lustful publication, including erotic or lurid books and magazines, especially pornography, such that sexual arousal is excited, often culminating in masturbatory release (or relief); known as "stick book" by AUSSIE and KIWI troops. See BOOM-BOOM, SHORT-TIME, BUTTERFLY, HAT TRICK, DAISY CHAIN, TRICK, FUCK, DU, STEAM 'n' CREAM, DIDDLY, HOOKUP, HELL ON WHEELS, ACT OF CONGRESS, CIRCLE JERK, FIRING LINE, CHOWING DOWN, HUMMERR, BUSH PILOT, MUFF DIVER, LOVE HANDLES, UP-CLOSE 'n' PERSONAL, DOG 'n' PONY SHOW. [nb: this phrase has nothing to do with keeping track of bets placed on the probable occurrence of a cardiovascular attack] [v: jack-off, jerk-off, beat-off, beat your meat, pull your pud, choke your chicken, flog your log, flick your Bic, pet your puppy, diddle your piddle, whack your weasel, polish your knob, doodle your noodle, fist your mister, spank your monkey, peel your banana, tickle your trout, stretch your salami, shine your stick, wallop your wand, wax your willie, walk your dog, milk your lizard, burp your worm, squeeze your snake, beat your beast, tame your tiger, pump your python, play your piccolo, flute solo, play the skin flute, strum the one string banjo, play the one note symphony, bone dance, one man show, wrestle the one-eyed monster, shoot your pistol, launch your rocket, fire your friendly weapon, date your hand, marry your palm, woo your fingers, finger fucking, devil's handshake, hand job, lube job, rub-a-dub-dub, pocket pool, solitary pleasure, self-indulgence, play with yourself, self-abuse, wank/whank]

STROLLER :
a covert operative responsible for the unobtrusive and undetectable termination, execution, or assassination of a specified target in as casual or commonplace a manner as possible; term probably derives from 'pedestrian', meaning ordinary, prosaic, mundane. See TWEP, KILLER KANE, SWEEPER, SNIPER, SHADOW WARRIOR, DECAPITATION, BODYGUARD.

STRONG-ARM :
involving or threatening the use of force or violence. Also, any reliable and unwavering support, as "my strong right arm".

STRONGPOINT :
a reinforced foothold or supported WAY POINT that has been improvised by the combat situation for temporary assembly and dispatch; may be designated an RV or RALLY POINT, also spelled "strong point"; compare PHASE LINE, AIMPOINT. Also, a military stronghold, being a place fortified against attack, a natural fastness, a place of refuge or security; see CITADEL, COMPOUND, RESERVATION, BASE, BASE CAMP, FOB, OB, FSB, PILLBOX, BUNKER, HEDGEHOG, KEY TERRAIN, CHOKE POINT, BRIDGEHEAD. [v: Military Earthworks Terms]

STRUCTURALISM :
in its most general sense, the sociological doctrine that actual or apparent social structure has priority over social action; asserting that interactivity subordinates function to form, and reinforces stratification. Structuralism transforms our commonsense notion of individuals: since they too are seen as the product of relationships, rather than as the authors of social reality. Structuralism replaces the ontologically privileged human subject with a de-centred conception of the self ... a process of so-called de-centring. Thus, with Copernicus came the realization that the earth was not the center of the universe; with Darwin the realization that human beings were not the center of creation, but a product of evolution; with Marx the realization that human beings were not the producers, but the product of social relations; and with Freud the realization that individuals were not the conscious agents of choice, but the product of unconscious desires ... leading to the demise of the idea of voluntary individual action. This view, also known as "synchrony", that people are products of their heritage and mapping has been moderated by post-structuralism; but the theoretical dispute persists, as in: an obedience to traditional rules versus the unorthodox accomplishment of the objective. It is most often manifest in the case of natural leaders being legitimized only when recognized by established authority. See ASYMMETRIC WARFARE, compare COINCIDENCE.

STRUGGLE :
a contest, conflict, fight, or war of any kind; see CONFLICT RESOLUTION, CONFLICT, LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT, INSURGENCY, GUERRILLA WARFARE, UW, BATTLE, WAR. Also, to vigorously or resolutely contend with an adversary,a difficult task, or any other problem; derived from "strong". Also, to proceed or advance by great effort; to strive toward attainment or fulfillment. Also, in communist methodology, to criticize oneself or others severely for mistakes, imperfections, or deviations from the ideological norm; a "struggle session". [nb: while fight and battle are subsumed by war, which is of indeterminate but finite duration, conflict and struggle have the potential of being persistent and relentless, with such an inexorable contumacy best represented by the concepts of "long struggle", "ceaseless struggle", "prolonged struggle", and manifest in endless war, perpetual revolution, continuous fighting, the long fight, everlasting resistance, perennial strife, and the long defeat; although struggle has marked human existence from the sustenance of life to the adoption of contending rationales, as a philosophical tenet, the struggle between realism and determinism has been best represented by Immanuel Kant, Ludwig Feuerbach, Friedrich Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer, and Karl Marx] [v: gage; casus belli; lese / lèse majesté]

STRYKER :
(forthcoming); see SBCT, ARMORED CAR; compare APC, TRACK

STUART :
the M-3 General Stuart, a small light TANK having a manual TURRET mounted with a 37mm (SQUIRREL GUN) MAIN-GUN and COAX machinegun (MG), powered by a manually-cranked gasoline engine prone to ignite when hit, that was used early in WWII. See WIDOW MAKER.

STUTTER-STEP :
the half-step skip used by individuals in formation to get back into the proper rhythmic step with their unit; see CADENCE. Also, slang for the sloppy appearance of troops walking or marching out of step with each other, also called "stagger-step"; see GAGGLE, DITTY-BOP, CLUSTER FUCK, ROUTE STEP.

STX :
(ess-tee-ecks) Situational Training eXercise; see FTX, CPX, JTFEX.

STZ :
Special Tactical Zone.

SUBJ :
SUBJect, being the topic or reference, as annotated on agendas or memos.

SUBMARINE :
called an "infernal contraption" and a "peripatetic coffin" since the CIVIL WAR's "Pioneer" versions; first joined USN fleet on 11 April 1900 as USS Holland, commissioned after inventor John P. Holland. These small, maneuverable, submersible ships of the "Silent Service" perform as "hunter-killer" sub/counter-sub vessels, flotilla guardians, surveillance platforms, and as unconventional warfare assets. The SUBMARINE is also known as a "sewerpipe", PIGBOAT, BOOMER, GUPPY, and "clockwork mouse" for its deceptive role in tracking patterns. The unofficial motto of the "Silent Service" is: "We hide with pride!" See MINISUB, MOTHER SHIP, GOAT LOCKER, SNORKEL, SNORT, PERISCOPE, CONNING TOWER, PRESSURE HULL, GIGGLES 'n' BANGS, CRASH-DIVE, COLLAPSE DEPTH, ANGLES 'n' DANGLES, SONAR, ASDIC, SOSUS, UWT, ELF, ASW, SLBM, MAD, DASH, ORION, SRV, DOLPHIN, BUBBLEHEAD, DIPPER, DOLPHIN DIVE. [nb: regardless of its size or nomenclature, it is traditional to refer to all SUBMARINEs as BOATs; cf: unterseeboot or U-boat / U-boot] [v: SSN Thresher sunk with its crew 10 April 1963 due to failure of a bronze valve]

SUB-ROSA :
private, privileged, secret, covert, clandestine; derived from "under the rose" as an ancient symbol of sworn confidentiality.

SUBSONIC :
less than the speed of sound waves through air at the same height above sea level; something capable of achieving such speed. See MACH; compare SUPERSONIC, HYPERSONIC. [nb: the velocity and distance that sound travels in either air or water depends upon atmospheric pressure, medium temperature, molecular density, and turbulence; such that under equivalent conditions, sound moves faster in salt water than in fresh, faster in fresh water than in air. The audible range of sound wave frequencies for humans is 20 - 20,000 Hz; above which ultrasonic waves may be felt, instead of heard.] [cf: ultrasound]

SUBVERSION :
the overthrowing of something established or existing; to corrupt or ruin so as to undermine principles or to cause a downfall. The objectives of military subversion are: to damage the enemy's materiel to maximum extent; to damage the enemy's means of communication and production; to strain the enemy's manpower resources; to undermine the enemy's morale; and to conversely raise the morale of the occupied population so as to inspire them to assist in the resistance and overthrow of oppression. See UW, COUNTERINSURGENCY, CI, GUERRILLA, GUERRILLA WARFARE, SABOTAGE, FIFTH COLUMN.

SUCK IT UP :
an admonition to get tough (or tougher) so as to cope with or deal with a bad situation (usually CHICKEN SHIT or MICKEY MOUSE, but sometimes BATTLE or WAR); an injunction to stop complaining and get the job done. The clear implication is to cease being part of the problem and commence being part of the solution; also expressed in the GULF WAR and GWOT period as EMBRACE THE SUCK. See BITCH, BAD-MOUTH, MOAN 'n' GROAN, SCUTTLEBUTT, BACK CHANNEL, FANG, NASTY-GRAM, BAYONET SHEET, TS CARD, BARRACKS LAWYER, SEA LAWYER, YARDBIRD.

SUCK 'n' PUFF :
the technique taught to JET JOCKs during PILOT training where they assist their G-SUIT during maneuvers by constricting their abdominal muscles and "grunt" to take in and let out air. There are numerous instances of this compensatory technique resulting in "accidental" defecation; and hemorrhoids are a common physiological condition resulting from recurrent G-force exposure. See SQUELCH.

SUDS ROW :
slang for the housing section provided on post or BASE for married Non-Commissioned Officers' (NCO) family quarters, which phrase derives from the practice of sergeants' wives being paid for doing laundry, as an economic necessity as well as a military service; also called "soapsuds row". Because the salary of junior officers is less than senior NCOs, many officers' wives were as desperate for supplemental income, but the military class system prohibited them from working in occupations outside their caste. See BARRACK, BILLET, HOOCH, NOB HILL, DISTAFF, SEPARATE RATS, GREEN BLOOD; compare COMFORT STATION. [nb: until the Vietnam-era, the military did not recognize the spouse or other dependents of enlisted personnel below the non-commissioned officer ranks]

SUGAR COOKIE :
slang for someone who is covered with sand, as during various routines or exercises, DRILLs or EVOLUTIONs that are conducted on the beach, so as to make the trainee more uncomfortable; in SEAL training at BUDS, the practice of covering students with sand is used to harass and demoralize the students. See ROCK PORTAGE, SURF TORTURE, WHISTLE DRILL, HELL WEEK, TADPOLE, FROGMAN, UDT, PUP, BUDS, SEAL, NSWG, BUDWEISER.

SUGAR REPORT :
slang for personal mail sent to one's home or from a loved one, especially letters from a girlfriend found on enemy corpses; see MAIL CALL, FREE, JOURNAL, SOAP CHIPS, JODY.

SUICIDE ALLEY :
slang for the innermost A-ring of the Pentagon, being the corridor immediately surrounding the central GROUND ZERO courtyard; compare WHITE WAY, see PUZZLE PALACE. Also, slang for the highway (Route Irish) running to and from the Baghdad International Airport (BIAp) in the Green Zone of Iraq; also called "RPG alley", due to the numerous mines and ambushes along the route, including suicide bombing of Iraqi civilians.

SUICIDE JOCKEY :
the PILOT of a GLIDER employed during WWII to ferry men and equipment to battlefields. With limited maneuver and crash landings, GLIDER PILOTs believe that they were conceived in error, suffered a long and painful gestation, and were delivered to the wrong place at the wrong time! See FLAK BAIT, WACO. [nb: other glider mottoes include: "There is no going back!" (German), "Nothing is impossible!" (British)]

SUICIDE SQUAD :
informal reference to the advance element or SPEARHEAD contingent that leads an operation or assault, being the van or vanguard, storming force or shock troops; historically known as the "God belonging squadron" of the "pre-doomed" in the Mongolian army of Genghis Khan, the primi ordines ("De Bello Gallico") of Caesar, and later as stormtroopers ("sturmabteilung") of Imperial and Nazi Germany. See POINT, RANGER, SENTRY, RAT RACE, SNOWBALL, DIDDLY, CANNON FODDER, WASTED, BITTER END, BELL THE CAT, CAM TU, LAST MAN STANDING; compare IOTA. [v: enfants perdus, forlorn hope; cf: picket, vedette] [nb: "Whenever there is fighting to be done, the keenest spirits should be appointed to serve in the front ranks, both in order to strengthen the resolution of our own men and to demoralize the enemy." by Chang Yu] [v: Japanese kamikaze (single) or floating chrysanthemum (group) mission, Nazi self-sacrifice mission or total mission]

SUMMIT :
the highest level of military, diplomatic, or other government officials: see OFFICER, FLAG OFFICER, COMMAND ELEMENT, LDR, WHITE WAY, OLD MAN, BRASS HAT, SCRAMBLED-EGGS, DIP CO. Also, a conclave or parley between heads of state or other top-level government officials; also known as "summit meeting" or "summit conference"; see CONFAB, BRIEFING, CHIN CHIN, HALF-MAST, EAR-BANG, POWWOW, ACCORD, RAPPROCHEMENT, TREATY, ENTENTE, DETENTE, RAISON D'ETAT, DIKTAT, CHATTER, CROSS-TALK, DISINFORMATION, CONTROLLED INFORMATION. [nb: the personal representatives of the G8 heads of state, who arrange the annual summit meeting in a series of preliminary and subsequent sessions, are commonly called "sherpas", and their assistants are known as "sous-sherpas", named after the Nepalese porters who assist Himalayan climbers]

SUMP :
pit or reservoir designed to receive objects or drainage, as a grenade SUMP, POL SUMP, or latrine SUMP. [nb: as late as the American CIVIL WAR, sutler's would "mine" the concentrated chemicals from kitchen and latrine sumps for treatment or manufacture of new products; such as extracting potassium nitrate from urine for making gunpowder]

SUNDOWNER :
an alcoholic beverage consumed after work, when "the sun is over the yardarm"; not a specific drink, but any evening tipple. Also, by association and extension, the informal and convivial atmosphere of friendly imbibing at the end of a day's labors. See BREW, HOOCH, GROG, JUICE, GROUP TIGHTENER, THE DRINK, SPLICE THE MAINBRACE, SMOKER, HOIST, HATCH, TOAST, GUSTO; compare MOJO.

SUOI :
Vietnamese for creek, such as in Suoi Da, Suoi Doi, Suoi Dau, Suoi Tam Bo, and the like; see SONG, IA.

SUPERCARGO :
personnel who accompany cargo for the purpose of enroute maintenance, security, or supervision. Also, personnel who are excess or surplus to the cargo, supernumerary; see STRAP-HANGER, BLOB, DEADHEAD.

SUPER FORTRESS :
B-29 four-engined high altitude bomber used extensively in the Pacific late in WWII; it was nicknamed "annihilator" from defects that killed many CREWMEMBERs; name often shortened to "Super Fort", and sometimes spelled "Superfortress" ... this is the airplane that dropped the two A-BOMBs that induced Imperial Japan to end the war. Also, designation given to KB-29 / B-50 / F-13 aircraft. Compare STRATOCRUISER, FLYING FORTRESS, STRATOFORTRESS; see BIRD.

SUPER GRADE :
Sergeant Major of the Army
SMA 1979
revised SMA rank insignia
SMA 1994
the most senior Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) GRADE RATINGs which were formerly RANKs or BILLETs of assignment, including First Sergeant (FSG/1SG), Command Sergeant Major (CSM), and Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA). GRADEs E-8 and E-9 were added in 1958; CSM (E-9) and SMA (E-10) added in 1968. The separate Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA) insignia was added in 1979, then revised by the addition of the American eagle in 1994. See SARGE, CHIEF, GUNNY, CHAIN-OF-COMMAND, TOP, TOP DOG, DI, EM, MOSQUITO WING, SLICK SLEEVE, CRUIT, SWINE LOG, YARDBIRD.

SUPER HORNET :
Boeing F/A-18E/F is an upgrade of the 1970s HORNET design with the same basic aerodynamic features, while improving the AVIONICS contained in an all-glass cockpit, new engines, the structural use of composite materials to reduce weight, and a slightly modified shape to minimize its radar signature; succeeded by the F/A-18G Boeing GROWLER. Compare HORNET, see BIRD.

SUPER SABRE :
the North American F-100 interceptor fighter jet aircraft; nicknamed HUN.

SUPERSONIC :
greater than the speed of sound waves through air at the same height above sea level; something capable of achieving such speed. See MACH, SONIC BOOM, JET PROPULSION; compare HYPERSONIC. [nb: the velocity and distance that sound travels in either air or water depends upon atmospheric pressure, medium temperature, molecular density, and turbulence; such that under equivalent conditions, sound moves faster in salt water than in fresh, faster in fresh water than in air. The audible range of sound wave frequencies for humans is 20 - 20,000 Hz; above which ultrasonic waves may be felt, instead of heard.] [cf: ultrasound]

SUPER-TROOPER :
rhyming slang for FUGLEMAN, a paradigm or archetype of the ideal MIL-PERS; see SWEAT HOG, HARD CHARGER, FAST MOVER, BOOMER, HOT SHOT, BALLS TO THE WALL, FIGJAM, GOLDEN BOY, HOT-SHIT, SHAKE 'n' BAKE, TOP DOG, DEEP DIP. [nb: compensatory SUPER-TROOPER syndrome: big complicated wristwatch = simple little weenie]

SUPER TWEET :
designation for the Cessna AT-37, an attack variant of the jet trainer; also known as "dog whistle" or CONVERTER. Compare TWEET, see BIRD.

SUPPLY :
LOGISTICS, armory, and MOTOR POOL; the proverbial "4 shop", as S-4/G-4/J-4. See LOG, QM. [v: a "viaticum" is a provision or allowance of the necessary funds and supplies issued to a Roman soldier traveling to his last or final battle; which became the ecclesiastical Eucharist or Communion given to a dying person]

SUPPORT THE TROOPS :
America Supports You
America
Supports
You
a catch-phrase to express post-Vietnam PATRIOTism without endorsing the current policies or foreign affairs of the government; in the political catechism of anti-war activists, this phrase is always the justification for protesting national defense ("I'm against this war but I support the troops.") as a quibble that attempts to separate cause and effect, the doer from that which is done, in the same way that Christians rationalize a hatred for the sin but a love of the sinner! This GULF WAR slogan is a continuation of the dispute between the "love it or leave it" and the "love it enough to change it" factions that have been polarized throughout the post-WWII war of contending cultures in America. See GONE NATIVE, STRANGER IN A STRANGE LAND, AMERIKA, VIETNAM IS FOREVER. [v: Kultur]

SUPPRESSOR :
anything that stops or inhibits, such as a FLASH SUPPRESSOR or sound suppressor (SILENCER, not "muffler"); derived from forced down. Compare SQUELCH.

SUPREMO :
(forthcoming); see SAC, SCAP.

SURE AS SHOOTING :
catch-phrase conveying certainty or asseveration, as an assurance or conviction borne of skill; similarly expressed as "sure as faith", "sure as God made little green apples", and "sure as eggs is eggs" (which is a corruption of the logician's "X is X").

SURF :
to transmit a strong signal beside an existing broadcast band, so as to admix, interfere, or overwhelm, with the intent of receivers retuning onto the new parallel band; the objective is replacement or substitution, by overriding with a PROPAGANDA broadcast, rather than jamming the signal. Compare HITCHHIKE; see PUSH, FREQ, RADIO.

SURF TORTURE :
a training exercise (or EVOLUTION) used to condition individuals to the extreme physical torment of combat swimming while enduring exhaustion and hypothermia; learning how to function beyond the pain is the principal lesson taught by "Instructor Ocean". SEAL doctrine mandates that students discover the personal motivation necessary to sustain them in this adversity. In SEAL training at BUDS, this simulation is used to harass and demoralize the students. See SUGAR COOKIE, ROCK PORTAGE, WHISTLE DRILL, HELL WEEK, TADPOLE, FROGMAN, UDT, PUP, BUDS, SEAL, NSWG, BUDWEISER.

SURVIVAL :
to endure under adverse conditions by a combination of positive mental, physical, and spiritual attributes that coalesce under stress to ensure goal attainment; typically a concomitant of escape and evasion (E&E) during military operations, and encapsulated by the acronym 'stop': stop, think, observe, and plan. Stress management is like fire; it can be controlled and directed to cook your food and heat your house, or it can run wild and burn down your house. [v: Rules for Survival] [nb: those adjustments, especially the mechanical and technical ones, that are intended to make risky situations safer, only result in making them more complicated and, paradoxically, more hazardous; because order and consistency are abnormal, accidents and mistakes are inherently normal, so risk management is an essential constituent of living]

SURVIVAL ISLAND :
nickname for HonTre Island, off the coast of NhaTrang, where training was conducted for the Combat Orientation Course (COC) and for phase two of the MACV RECONDO School.

SUSFU :
literally Situation Unchanged, Still Fucked Up, or more euphemistically as "... fouled up"; see FUCK-UP, FUCKED-UP, CLUSTER FUCK, WTFO, SOL, BOHICA.

SUSPENSE DATE :
the date by which some specified action must be taken or a response returned, denoted by S/ prefix; see NLT, RBI, TICKLER, DEADLINE, UNDER THE GUN.

SUTLER :
the person who formerly followed an army or maintained a store on an army post to sell commodities and provisions to the soldiers; as derived from "doing dirty work" (soeteler). See CONCESSION.

SVC :
contraction of SerViCe.

SVN :
abbreviation for South Viet Nam; formally known as the Republic of Viet Nam (RVN). See GVN, VN, THE NAM.

SWABBY :
derogatory reference to any sailor, but particularly identifies a new or inexperienced SHIPMATE; derived from "mop" (swab) or "to mop", and also spelled "swabbie". Also known as SQUID or ANCHOR CLANKER, "deck ape" or "gob". See GI, DOGFACE, JARHEAD, HORSE MARINE, ZOOMIE.

SWAG :
a Semi-scientific Wild-Assed Guess; which, when informed by experience, becomes inductive intuition or deductive logic, but is otherwise a pure "guesstimate". See WAG, WEG, DEAD-RECKONING, DOUBLE DRIFT.

SWAGGER STICK :
slang for a BATON or WARDER, formerly used to signal commands; a symbolic emblem of office, invested authority, or dispositive power, as a staff, rod, wand, scepter/sceptre. [v: spontoon (half-pike), bauble (jester's mace), fasces, tipstaff, caduceus, crosier/crozier, COUP STICK] [cf: truncheon, billy, night stick, espantoon, cudgel, bludgeon, shillelagh/shillealah, knobkerrie, cosh, bastinado, singlestick, waddy, club, blackjack, slapjack, SANDBAG] [v: pygmachy]

SWAMP COOLER :
(forthcoming); [nb: Isaac Newton's law of cooling states that the rate of cooling (or heating) of a body due to convection is proportional to the difference between the body temperature and the ambient temperature]

SWAT :
the abbreviation for Special Weapons And Tactics that's been adopted by CONSTABULARY, MILITIA, and paramilitary POLICE units; widely interpreted as "sit, wait, and talk"; see COMBATANT, SNIPER, GUERRILLA, TERRORIST.

SWC :
(swick) the Ship's Weapons Coordinator in the Combat Information Center (CIC) on shipboard.

SWC&S :
abbreviation for the Special Warfare Center and School, also cited as "SWCS", being the common reference for the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School (USAJFKSWC&S); see SWS, SFTG, SFQC, SOTC, PSYOPS, GABRIEL, SF; compare Joint Special Operations University at USSOC, MSOS.

SWEAR :
see PROMISE, OATH, KEEP THE FAITH, SEMPER FI, ESPRIT DE CORPS, HOLD ONE'S FEET TO THE FIRE, EXPLETIVE, GODDAM, BAD-MOUTH, TALK TRASH, SMACK. [nb: 'gee' and 'gee-whiz', used as an interjection or exclamation, derive as euphemisms for the name "Jesus"; archaic 'zounds' derived as contraction of "God's wounds"; "blimey" or "gorblimey", used as an interjection or exclamation, derive as a reduction of "God blind me"; 'hooey', allegedly an Americanism used as an interjection for nonsense or tripe, is actually a corruption of the Russian vulgarity ("khuy") for penis, and is commonly used alone (eg: dick, dickhead, dick-wad) or in phrases (eg: dumber than dick; he doesn't know dick; don't dick around; don't stir your tea with your dick; don't dip your dick in the soup)] [cf: migration of "putz" from shine through ornament to penis and dolt; as sexual lure] [v: lucky stiff] [Swearing is either juvenile or crass, but MIL-PERS admire talent and respect skill, so creative vulgarity and uncommon scurrility is often appreciated. "The talk of him that sweareth much maketh the hair stand upright." Ecclesiasticus 27:14 Apocrypha; "In certain trying circumstances, urgent circumstances, desperate circumstances, profanity furnishes a relief denied even to prayer." by Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens); "Take not God's name in vain; select a time when it will have effect." by Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce; "Grant me some wild expressions, Heavens, or I shall burst." by George Farquhar; "When angry, count four; when very angry, swear." by Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens); "A whoreson jackanapes must take me up for swearing; as if I borrowed mine oaths of him and might not spend them at my pleasure. ... When a gentleman is disposed to swear, it is not for any standers-by to curtail his oaths, ha?" by William Shakespeare; "A footman may swear; but he cannot swear like a lord. He can swear as often: but can he swear with equal delicacy, propriety, and judgment?" by Jonathan Swift; "'Twas but my tongue, 'twas not my soul that swore." by Euripides; "It comes to pass oft that a terrible oath, with a swaggering accent sharply twanged off, gives manhood more approbation than ever proof itself would have earned him." by William Shakespeare; "And when the riflemen heard their commander swear so prodigiously, their minds were filled with amazement to learn how little they knew of profanity!" said of Daniel Morgan during the AMERICAN REVOLUTION] [v: protomartyr Saint Stephen was canonized for blasphemy]

SWEAT :
interrogate; also called "grill", "pump", or SQUEEZE; compare THIRD DEGREE, FLUTTER, see SCAR, PAIN, TORTURE, TRADECRAFT. Also, perspiration, being a dilute saline bodily secretion that's indicative of both labor and distress, and when sufficiently copious, this natural fluid acts as the universal military lubricant for task or mission accomplishment ... the civilian equivalent is 'elbow grease'. See FATIGUE, ASSHOLES 'n' ELBOWS, GI PARTY, SCRUB, HOUSECLEANING, DUTY ROSTER.

SWEAT HOG :
enthusiastic and productive serviceman, hard and steady worker, reliable achiever; also called hustler, eager beaver, Dudley DoRight, workaholic. See HARD CHARGER, FAST MOVER, BOOMER, SUPER-TROOPER, HOT SHOT, HARD-ASS, BALLS TO THE WALL, FIGJAM, TOP DOG, GOLDEN BOY, DEEP DIP, OLD SWEAT; compare GOLDBRICK, GHOST, FEATHER MERCHANT, DUD, MAGGOT. [nb: "Nobody ever drown in sweat!"]

SWEEP :
to search or cover an area, as MOWING THE LAWN or ZONE AND SWEEP. Also, an underwater search method that expands the area from a central or fixed point by extending the radius after each circuit until either successful or abandoned; compare MOWING THE LAWN; see SCREEN, SAR.

SWEEPER :
a covert operative, usually established in advance of an operation (like a SLEEPER), who is responsible for cleaning-up or clearing-away any remnants or evidence of a failed or foiled operation; when activated for "detail work" with SPOOK assets, Direct Action (DA) may involve concealment, escape, or "wet work". See SECRET AGENT, STROLLER, TWEP, FIX, RABBIT, THROW-AWAY, HANDLER.

SWIFT BOAT :
designated U.S. Navy Patrol Craft Fast (PCF), being an updated version of the WWII PT boat; part of operation MARKET TIME, used to patrol coastal waters and rivers of Vietnam. See PBR, NASTY BOAT, MOSQUITO FLEET.

SWIM BUDDY :
a partnership assigned to pairs of unit members for support and accountability, such that mission success without your 'buddy' is failure [cf: mission - men - self dictum]; see COMRADE, SHIPMATE, MESSMATE, ASSHOLE BUDDY, CAMARADERIE, BUDDY SYSTEM, LOYALTY UP - LOYALTY DOWN. [nb: as with "swim buddy" and "Ranger buddy", the military BUDDY SYSTEM is not a codependency relationship, but a dyadic mutuality of cooperation, such that a pair does not redouble but reinforces; cf: Damon and Pythias (Phintias), Pylades and Orestes, David and Jonathan]

SWIMMER :
U.S. Navy Search and Rescue Swimmer patch
rescue
swimmer
(forthcoming); a skill rating that's variously designated "combat swimmer", "rescue swimmer", search and rescue swimmer", and the like by the different branches of the service, and is a component or prerequisite of other specialized training, such as explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and pararescue (PJ); see TRAWL, HEAVING LINE, LIFELINE, SNORKEL, HARD HAT, SCUBA, CSAR, SAR.

SWINE LOG :
a sequential register or hierarchical record of enlisted (EM) and non-commissioned (NCO) personnel assigned to a unit; a sardonic reference to "lower-class" military servicemembers (being the "biggest boar" is not as important as being the "swineherd"!). See MIL-PERS, MILICRAT, LITTLE PEOPLE, SLICK SLEEVE, MOSQUITO WING, MOSQUITO SMILE, MATING MOSQUITOES, SARGE, CHIEF, GUNNY, FIRST SHIRT, TOP; compare BRASS HAT, GO TO GUY, SLOP CHUTE.

SWINGING DICK :
any person, regardless of rank or duty; a MIL-PERS designation without exception, as "every SWINGING DICK will ...". Female MIL-PERS were included in this category, in the same way a mixed group is asexually addressed as "guys"; but SKIRTs were also called "swinging dickless". See GI JOE, ACTING JACK, GADGET.

SWITCHBACK :
operational directive, resulting from an analysis reported by Maxwell D. Taylor subsequent to the Bay of Pigs (April 1961) debacle, to transfer all PARAMILITARY CIA programs to military jurisdiction by 1 November 1963; which transfers were delayed by the assassinations of both American and South Vietnamese presidents.

SWORD :
see LONG KNIFE, OLD WRIST BREAKER, MAMELUKE SWORD. [v: Knife Terms; The Language of Swordplay]

SWS :
Army Special Warfare Center and School shoulder patch
SWCS
US Army Special Warfare School, developed on 10 December 1956 from the Psychological Warfare Center, which was activated 10 April 1952 coincident with the formation of SPECIAL FORCES in June 1952. The Special Warfare School was redesignated the Institute for Military Assistance (IMA) on 10 January 1969; and the US Army Civil Affairs School was added on 15 September 1971. The complex of Special Warfare, Psychological Warfare, and Civil Affairs schools at Fort Bragg were unified on 21 July 1983 when the Institute for Military Assistance was redesignated the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School (USAJFKSWC&S), more commonly referred to as just the Special Warfare Center and School (SWC&S / SWCS), and sardonically called JOHN WAYNE HIGH SCHOOL. See SFTG, SFQC, SOTC, PSYOPS, GABRIEL, SF; compare Joint Special Operations University at USSOC, MSOS.

SYCEE :
fine silver ingots, term derives from "wire as fine as silk thread"; formerly used as money in China. Compare TAEL; see YUAN, RENMINBI, LEGAL TENDER.

SYMPATHY :
the harmonious feeling or congenial opinion shared by persons who are well disposed toward each other; a connective consonance, compassion, or commiseration ... being an activity that's proverbially situated between 'shit' and 'syphilis' in every military dictionary, and for which the TS CARD is punched by the chaplain as he avers: "I feel for you, but I can't reach you!". Compare PRAYER, REASSURANCE; see STRANGER IN A STRANGE LAND.

SYMPHONY :
a vehicle-mounted IED-defeat system that employs highly-classified radio-frequency technology, programmable and anti-tamper, with a renewable operating code, that's manufactured by Lockheed Martin. See DEACTIVATE, EOD, UXO, BOOBY-TRAP, EFP, MINE, EXPLOSIVE.

SYNCOM :
SYNchronous COMmunications satellite; see SATCOM, NRO, SAT.

SYRETTE :
a compact and sterile device, similar in function to a syringe, but consisting of a small flexible tube attached to a needle, instead of a rigid barrel and piston, containing a pre-measured dose of injectable medication, such as morphine or atropine, as a prepackaged unit dose specifically designed for field use; it was developed by Squibb (now the Bristol-Myers Squibb Company) for military and public health environments. The SYRETTE needle was capped by a transparent cover, protecting a safety plunger for piercing the tube's seal that also guarded the needle tip, which was removed before subcutaneously injecting the needle (even directly through clothing in an emergency), and administering the treatment by squeezing the tube. The empty SYRETTE was supposed to be disposed of by being attached to the patient's collar so that medicos would be aware of the field treatment when receiving the (often undocumented) casualty from the combat zone. Instructions for using the SYRETTE are contained in "First Aid for Soldiers" (FM 21-11 dtd 7 April 1943). [v: ampule] [nb: syringe (ie: a narrow tube for drawing or ejecting fluid, typically with a plunger) devices have been in use since the 9th century, when a glass suction tube was used to remove cataracts from a patient in Egypt, but the first hypodermic syringes with needles fine enough to pierce skin were not developed until 1844, when an Irish physician injected a sedative therapeutically]



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