Article 116 UCMJ:

4.42.1 a. Text.
4.42.2 b. Elements.
4.42.3 c. Explanation.
4.42.4 d. Lesser included offenses.
4.42.5 e. Maximum punishment.
4.42.6 f. Sample specifications.

4.42.1 a. Text.

Any person subject to this chapter who causes or participates in any riot or breach of the peace shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.

4.42.2 b. Elements.

(1) Riot.
(a) That the accused was a member of an assembly of three or more persons;
(b) That the accused and at least two other members of this group mutually intended to assist one another against anyone who might oppose them in doing an act for some private purpose;
(c) That the group or some of its members, in furtherance of such purpose, unlawfully committed a tumultuous disturbance of the peace in a violent or turbulent manner; and
(d) That these acts terrorized the public in general in that they caused or were intended to cause public alarm or terror.

(2) Breach of the Peace.
(a) That the accused caused or participated in a certain act of a violent or turbulent nature; and
(b) That the peace was thereby unlawfully disturbed.

4.42.3 c. Explanation.

(1) Riot.
Riot is a tumultuous disturbance of the peace by three or more persons assembled together in furtherance of a common purpose to execute some enterprise of a private nature by concerted action against anyone who might oppose them, committed in such a violent and turbulent manner as to cause or be calculated to cause public terror. The gravamen of the offense of riot is terrorization of the public. It is immaterial whether the act intended was lawful. Furthermore, it is not necessary that the common purpose be determined before the assembly. It is sufficient if the assembly begins to execute in a tumultuous manner a common purpose formed after it assembled.

(2) Breach of the Peace.
A breach of the peace is an unlawful disturbance of the peace by an outward demonstration of a violent or turbulent nature. The acts or conduct contemplated by this article are those which disturb the public tranquility or impinge upon the peace and good order to which the community is entitled. Engaging in an affray and unlawful discharge of firearms in a public street are examples of conduct which may constitute a breach of the peace. Loud speech and unruly conduct may also constitute a breach of the peace by the speaker. A speaker may also be guilty of causing a breach of the peace if the speaker uses language which can reasonably be expected to produce a violent or turbulent response and a breach of the peace results. The fact that the words are true or used under provocation is not a defense, nor is tumultuous conduct excusable because incited by others.

(3) Community and Public.
Community and public include a military organization, post, camp, ship, aircraft, or station.

4.42.4 d. Lesser included Offenses [Article 79].

(1) Riot.
(a) Article 116: breach of the peace
(b) Article 134: disorderly conduct
(c) Article 80: attempts

(2) Breach of the Peace.
(a) Article 134: disorderly conduct
(b) Article 80: attempts

4.42.5 e. Maximum Punishment.

(1) Riot.
Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for ten (10) years.

(2) Breach of the Peace.
Confinement for six (6) months and forfeiture of two-thirds (2/3) pay per month for six (6) months.

4.42.6 f. Sample Specifications.

(1) Riot.
In that _____ (personal jurisdiction data) _____, did, (at/on board — location) (subject-matter jurisdiction data, if required), on or about _____ (date) _____, (cause / participate in) a riot by unlawfully assembling with __________ (and __________) (and __________) (and others to the number of about _____ whose names are unknown) for the purpose of (resisting the police of __________) (assaulting passers-by) ( __________ ), and in furtherance of said purpose did (fight with said police) (assault certain persons, to wit: __________ ) ( __________ ), to the terror and disturbance of _____ (community / public) _____.

(2) Breach of the Peace.
In that _____ (personal jurisdiction data) _____, did, (at/on board — location) (subject-matter jurisdiction data, if required), on or about _____ (date) _____, (cause / participate in) a breach of the peace by (wrongfully engaging in a fist fight in the dayroom with __________ ) (using the following provoking language (toward __________ ), to wit: "__________," or words to that effect) (wrongfully shouting and singing in a public place, to wit: __________ ) ( __________ ) to the disturbance of _____ (community / public) _____.